dbca 命令行静默方式创建Oracle RAC

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昨天有个需求，需要用命令行建一个RAC。先Google了一些文章，最好参照了下面这篇。
Create RAC database using DBCA silent mode，感谢此文作者，写得非常简洁。

我的环境是19c, 2节点RAC。然后遇到了一系列错误。

第一个错误，Disk Group不存在：

[FATAL] [DBT-06002] Selected disk group (XXXX) is not found.ACTION: Specify a disk group that is accessible from the system.

正好，主机上还有其它数据库，查询一下：

SQL> select name from v$asm_diskgroup;NAME
------------------------------
DATAC1
RECOC1

然后改成以下：

-diskGroupName +DATAC1/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/ \

第2个错误，FRA地址无效，可以绕过问题或指定FRA位置，我用了后者。

[WARNING] [DBT-06303] Unable to check if location (FRA/db0623/) is on ACFS.
[FATAL] [DBT-06007] The specified location (FRA Location) is invalid.CAUSE: The specified location is not found on the system or is detected to be a file.

直接去掉以下行：

-recoveryAreaDestination FRA \

或者改为：

-recoveryAreaDestination +$FRA \

第3个错误，4G以上不能AMM管理以及字符集问题：

[FATAL] [DBT-11211] The Automatic Memory Management option is not allowed when the total physical memory is greater than 4GB.CAUSE: The current total physical memory is 754GB.
[FATAL] [DBT-11152] National character set specified (AL32UTF8) is invalid.

直接删除以下行：

-nationalCharacterSet AL32UTF8 \
-automaticMemoryManagement true \

最终命令如下，会自动创建一个PDB orclpdb1。其中node01和node02是两个RAC节点的主机名，通过hostname命令获取。

export DBPWD='ABcd123_#'
export DGNAME=DATAC1
export FRA=RECOC1
export DBNAME=db0623
export NODE1=node01
export NODE2=node02dbca -silent \
-createDatabase \
-databaseConfigType RAC \
-templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
-gdbName $DBNAME  \
-sid $DBNAME  \
-SysPassword $DBPWD \
-SystemPassword $DBPWD \
-emConfiguration NONE \
-redoLogFileSize 2048  \
-storageType ASM \
-asmSysPassword $DBPWD \
-diskGroupName +$DGNAME/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/ \
-recoveryAreaDestination +$FRA \
-totalMemory 10240  \
-databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
-nodelist ${NODE1},${NODE2} \
-createAsContainerDatabase true \
-numberOfPDBs 1 \
-pdbName orclpdb1 \
-pdbAdminPassword $DBPWD

日志如下，18分钟还是蛮快的：

Prepare for db operation
7% complete
Copying database files
27% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
28% complete
31% complete
35% complete
37% complete
40% complete
Creating cluster database views
41% complete
53% complete
Completing Database Creation
57% complete
59% complete
60% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
64% complete
80% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:db0623
System Identifier(SID) Prefix:db0623
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623/db06231.log" for further details.real    18m8.020s
user    0m57.199s
sys     0m14.027s$ echo $?
0

另外两次也是18分钟左右，比较一致：

real    18m36.844s
user    0m57.905s
sys     0m14.577sreal    18m34.217s
user    0m56.531s
sys     0m14.336s

访问：

$ export ORACLE_SID=db06231
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> select count(*) from gv$instance;COUNT(*)
----------2SQL> show pdbs;CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO3 ORCLPDB1                       READ WRITE NO

删除，此时数据库是打开状态:

dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB db0623

输出：

$ dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB db0623
Enter SYS user password:[WARNING] [DBT-19202] The Database Configuration Assistant will delete the Oracle instances and datafiles for your database. All information in the database will be destroyed.
Prepare for db operation
32% complete
Connecting to database
39% complete
42% complete
45% complete
48% complete
52% complete
55% complete
58% complete
65% complete
Updating network configuration files
68% complete
Deleting instances and datafiles
77% complete
87% complete
97% complete
100% complete
Database deletion completed.
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/db0623/db06230.log" for further details.

最后，附上一个帮助：

$ dbca -createDatabase -help-createDatabase - Command to Create a database.-responseFile | (-gdbName,-templateName)-responseFile - <Fully qualified path for a response file>-gdbName <Global database name>-templateName <Specify an existing template in default location or the complete template path for DB Creation or provide a new template name for template creation>[-useWalletForDBCredentials <true | false> Specify true to load database credentials from wallet]-dbCredentialsWalletLocation <Path of the directory containing the wallet files>[-dbCredentialsWalletPassword <Password to open wallet with auto login disabled>][-characterSet <Character set for the database>][-dvConfiguration <true | false> Specify true to configure and enable database vault.]-dvUserName <Specify database vault owner user name>-dvUserPassword <Specify database vault owner password>[-dvAccountManagerPassword <Specify database vault account manager password>][-dvAccountManagerName <Specify separate database vault account manager>][-datafileDestination <Destination directory for all database files>][-datafileJarLocation <For database creation, pass the absolute path of the datafile backup and for template creation, pass the directory to place the datafile backup>][-runCVUChecks <Specify "true" in order to run Cluster Verification Utility checks periodically for RAC databases.>][-sid <Database system identifier>][-redoLogFileSize <Size of each redo log file in MB>][-registerWithDirService <true | false>]-dirServiceUserName <User name for directory service>[-databaseCN <Database common name>][-dirServiceCertificatePath <Path to the certificate file to use when configuring SSL between database and directory service>][-dirServicePassword <Password for directory service>][-dirServiceUser <SamAccountName in case of configuring Active Directory>][-ldapDirectoryAccessType <PASSWORD | SSL>][-useSYSAuthForLDAPAccess <true | false>][-walletPassword <Password for database wallet>][-systemPassword <SYSTEM user password>][-nodelist <Node names separated by comma for the database>][-oracleHomeUserPassword <Specify Oracle Home User Password>][-sysPassword <SYS user password>][-enableArchive <true | false> Specify true to enable archive>][-archiveLogMode <AUTO|MANUAL , the default is Automatic archiving>][-archiveLogDest <Specify archive log destinations separated by comma. If archive log destination is not specified, fast recovery area location will be used for archive log files.>][-memoryMgmtType <AUTO|AUTO_SGA|CUSTOM_SGA>][-variables <Comma separated list of name=value pairs of location variables>][-listeners <A comma separated list of listeners that the database can be configured with>][-olsConfiguration <true | false> Specify true to configure and enable Oracle Label Security.][-configureWithOID This flag configures Oracle Label Security with OID.][-createAsContainerDatabase <true | false>][-pdbName <Pluggable database name>][-numberOfPDBs <Number of pluggable databases to be created, default is 0>][-pdbStorageMAXSizeInMB <value>][-pdbStorageMAXTempSizeInMB <value>][-useLocalUndoForPDBs <true | false>  Specify false to disable local undo tablespace for PDBs.][-pdbAdminPassword <PDB Administrator user Password, required only while creating new PDB>][-pdbOptions <A comma separated list of name:value pairs with database options to enable/disable. For example JSERVER:true,DV:false>][-recoveryAreaDestination <Destination directory for all recovery files. Specify "NONE" for disabling Fast Recovery Area>][-recoveryAreaSize <Fast Recovery Area Size in MB>][-createListener <Create a new listener to register your database. Specify in format, LISTENER_NAME:PORT>][-useOMF <true | false> Specify true to use Oracle-Managed Files.][-memoryPercentage | -totalMemory][-memoryPercentage <Percentage of physical memory for oracle database>][-totalMemory <Memory allocated for Oracle in MB>][-dbOptions <A comma separated list of name:value pairs with database options to enable/disable. For example JSERVER:true,DV:false>][-sampleSchema <true | false>][-variablesFile <File name of the name=value pairs for location variables in the template>][-customScripts <A comma separated list of SQL scripts which needs to be run post db creation.The scripts are run in order they are listed>][-databaseType <MULTIPURPOSE | DATA_WAREHOUSING | OLTP>][-oracleHomeUserName <Specify Oracle Home User Name>][-initParams <Comma separated list of name=value pairs>][-initParamsEscapeChar <Specify escape character for comma when a specific initParam has multiple values.If the escape character is not specified backslash is the default escape character>][-policyManaged | -adminManaged][-policyManaged <Policy managed database, default option is Admin managed database>]-serverPoolName <Specify the single server pool name in case of create server pool or comma separated list in case of existing server pools>[-pqPoolName <value>][-createServerPool <Create a new server pool, which will be used by the database>][-pqPoolName <value>][-forceServerPoolCreation <To create server pool by force when adequate free servers are not available. This may affect the database which is already in running mode>][-pqCardinality <value>][-cardinality <Specify the cardinality of the new server pool that is to be created, default is the number of qualified nodes>][-adminManaged <Admin managed database, this is default option>][-nationalCharacterSet <National character set for the database>][-storageType < FS | ASM >]-datafileDestination <Destination directory for all database files>[-asmsnmpPassword <ASMSNMP password for ASM monitoring>][-databaseConfigType <SINGLE | RAC | RACONENODE>][-RACOneNodeServiceName <Service name for the service to be created for RAC One Node database. This option is mandatory when the databaseConfigType is RACONENODE>][-emConfiguration <DBEXPRESS | CENTRAL | BOTH | NONE>][-dbsnmpPassword <DBSNMP user password>][-emPassword <EM Admin user password>][-emUser <EM Admin username to add or modify targets>][-emExpressPort <EM database express port number. Generally used during createDatabase>][-omsHost <EM management server host name>][-omsPort <EM management server port number>][-emExpressPortAsGlobalPort <value>]

补记

2023年9月7日，在Exadata X8-2 HC 1/4配上创建RAC：

export DBPWD='Welcome1'
export DGNAME=DATAC1
export FRA=RECOC1
export DBNAME=rwp19c
export NODE1=x8hcdbadm01
export NODE2=x8hcdbadm02[oracle@x8hcdbadm01 ~]$ time dbca -silent \
> -createDatabase \
> -databaseConfigType RAC \
> -templateName General_Purpose.dbc \
> -gdbName $DBNAME  \
> -sid $DBNAME  \
> -SysPassword $DBPWD \
> -SystemPassword $DBPWD \
> -emConfiguration NONE \
> -redoLogFileSize 2048  \
> -storageType ASM \
> -asmSysPassword $DBPWD \
> -diskGroupName +$DGNAME/{DB_UNIQUE_NAME}/ \
> -recoveryAreaDestination +$FRA \
> -totalMemory 10240  \
> -databaseType MULTIPURPOSE \
> -nodelist ${NODE1},${NODE2} \
> -createAsContainerDatabase true \
> -numberOfPDBs 1 \
> -pdbName orclpdb1 \
> -pdbAdminPassword $DBPWDPrepare for db operation
7% complete
Copying database files
27% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
28% complete
31% complete
35% complete
37% complete
40% complete
Creating cluster database views
41% complete
53% complete
Completing Database Creation
57% complete
59% complete
60% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
64% complete
80% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/rwp19c.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:rwp19c
System Identifier(SID) Prefix:rwp19c
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/rwp19c/rwp19c0.log" for further details.real    24m8.355s
user    1m15.377s
sys     0m13.721s

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