golang获取prometheus数据(prometheus/client_golang包)

2025-03-02 17:50
文章标签 数据 golang 获取 client prometheus

本文主要是介绍golang获取prometheus数据(prometheus/client_golang包)，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

《golang获取prometheus数据(prometheus/client_golang包)》本文主要介绍了使用Go语言的prometheus/client_golang包来获取Prometheu...

1. 创建链接

1.1 语法

  • 语法
func NewClient(cfg Config) (Client, error)
  • 结构体
type Config struct {
    Address      string
    Client       *http.Client
    RoundTripper http.RoundTripper
}
  • 示例
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.182.112:9090",
	})

1.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
)

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.182.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		retChina编程urn nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}


func main() {
	client, err := CreatClient()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%+v", err)
	}
	if client != nil {
		fmt.Println("client创建成功")
	}
}

2. 简单查询

2.1 语法

  • 创建API实例
func NewAPI(c Client) API
  • 查询
func (API) Query(ctx context.Context, query string, ts time.Time, opts ...Option) (Value, Warnings, error)
  • 在context中设置超时
func WithTimeout(parent Context, timeout time.Duration) (Context, CancelFunc)
  • 语法示例
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx := context.Background()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))

2.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"time"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func Query() (result model.Value, err error) {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	return result, nil
}

func main() {
	result, err := Query()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%q", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

3. 范围值查询

3.1 语法

  • 范围设置
type Range struct {
    Start, End time.Time
    Step       time.Duration
}

语法示例

	r := proV1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Apythondd(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
  • 范围查询
func (API) QueryRange(ctx context.Context, query string, r Range, opts ...Option) (Value, Warnings, error)

语法示例

result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))

3.2 完整示例

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
	"time"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	ifjs err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func QueryRange() (result model.Value, err error) {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	//ctx := context.Background()
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	r := proV1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, proV1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	return result, nil
}

func main() {
	result, err := QueryRange()
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Errorf("%q", err)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

4. 获取指标名称和标签

4.1 语法

  • 语法
func (API) Series(ctx context.Context, matches []string, startTime time.Time, endTime time.Time) ([]model.LabelSet, Warnings, error)
  • 语法示例
	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		"{__name__=~\".+\",job=\"prometheus\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())

说明：

  • 数组里可以写多条
  • __name__ 表示指标名，等号后边支持正则匹配。
  • 后边可以接一些label，同样支持正则。

比如示例中的job=\"prometheus\"，是我们在prometheus配置文件里写的job名。

  • LabelSet
type LabelSet map[LabelName]LabelValue

可以看到LabelSet实际是一个map，因此我们可以只打印示例中的指标名：

	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		fmt.Println(lbl["__name__"])
	}

4.1 完整示例（获取所有数据条目）

package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"os"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	proV1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
)

var Client api.Client

func init() {
	Client, _ = CreatClient()
}

func CreatClient() (client api.Client, err error) {
	client, err = api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://10.10.181.112:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		return nil, err
	}
	return client, nil
}

func ExampleAPI_series() {
	v1api := proV1.NewAPI(Client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		//"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"node\"}",
		"{__name__=~\".+\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Println("Result:", len(lbls))
	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		//fmt.Println(lbl["__name__"])
		fmt.Println(lbl)
	}
}
func main() {
	ExampleAPI_series()
}

【附官方示例】

https://github.com/prometheus/client_golang/blob/main/api/prometheus/v1/example_test.go

package v1_test

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
	"os"
	"time"

	"github.com/prometheus/common/config"

	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api"
	v1 "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/api/prometheus/v1"
)

func ExampleAPI_query() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	result, warnings, err := v1api.Query(ctx, "up", time.Now(), v1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRange() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt编程.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r, v1.WithTimeout(5*time.Second))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

type userAgentRoundTripper struct {
	name string
	rt   http.RoundTripper
}

// RoundTrip implements the http.RoundTripper interface.
func (u userAgentRoundTripper) RoundTrip(r *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
	if r.UserAgent() == "" {
		// The specification of http.RoundTripper says that it shouldn't mutate
		// the request so make a copy of req.Header since this is all that is
		// modified.
		r2 := new(http.Request)
		*r2 = *r
		r2.Header = make(http.Header)
		for k, s := range r.Header {
			r2.Header[k] = s
		}
		r2.Header.Set("User-Agent", u.name)
		r = r2
	}
	return u.rt.RoundTrip(r)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithUserAgent() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address:      "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		RoundTripper: userAgentRoundTripper{name: "Client-Golang", rt: api.DefaultRoundTripper},
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithBasicAuth() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		// We can use amazing github.com/prometheus/common/config helper!
		RoundTripper: config.NewBasicAuthRoundTripper("me", "defintely_me", "", api.DefaultRoundTripper),
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_queryRangeWithAuthBearerToken() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
		// We can use amazing github.com/prometheus/common/config helper!
		RoundTripper: config.NewAuthorizationCredentialsRoundTripper("Bearer", "secret_token", api.DefaultRoundTripper),
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	r := v1.Range{
		Start: time.Now().Add(-time.Hour),
		End:   time.Now(),
		Step:  time.Minute,
	}
	result, warnings, err := v1api.QueryRange(ctx, "rate(prometheus_tsdb_head_samples_appended_total[5m])", r)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Printf("Result:\n%v\n", result)
}

func ExampleAPI_series() {
	client, err := api.NewClient(api.Config{
		Address: "http://demo.robustperception.io:9090",
	})
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error creating client: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}

	v1api := v1.NewAPI(client)
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	lbls, warnings, err := v1api.Series(ctx, []string{
		"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"node\"}",
		"{__name__=~\"scrape_.+\",job=\"prometheus\"}",
	}, time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), time.Now())
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Printf("Error querying Prometheus: %v\n", err)
		os.Exit(1)
	}
	if len(warnings) > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("Warnings: %v\n", warnings)
	}
	fmt.Println("Result:")
	for _, lbl := range lbls {
		fmt.Println(lbl)
	}
}

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