Android学习笔记之数据的共享存储SharedPreferences

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（1）布局文件，一个简单的登录文件;

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context=".MainActivity" ><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/textView1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"android:layout_alignParentTop="true"android:layout_marginLeft="22dp"android:layout_marginTop="22dp"android:text="用户名：" /><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/editText1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/textView1"android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/textView1"android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView1"android:ems="10" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/textView2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView1"android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"android:layout_marginTop="17dp"android:text="密码：" /><EditTextandroid:id="@+id/editText2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText1"android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"android:ems="10"android:inputType="textPassword" ><requestFocus /></EditText><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_below="@+id/checkBox1"android:layout_marginLeft="34dp"android:layout_marginTop="32dp"android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"android:text="取消" /><CheckBoxandroid:id="@+id/checkBox1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/textView1"android:layout_below="@+id/editText2"android:layout_marginTop="22dp"android:text="记住用户名" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button1"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/button2"android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/button2"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/editText2"android:text="登录" /><CheckBoxandroid:id="@+id/checkBox2"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/checkBox1"android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/checkBox1"android:layout_marginLeft="14dp"android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button1"android:text="静音登录" /></RelativeLayout>

（2）目录结构：

（3）SharedPreferences的工具类LoginService.java

package com.lc.data_storage_share.sharepreference;import java.util.Map;import android.content.Context;
import android.content.SharedPreferences;
import android.content.SharedPreferences.Editor;public class LoginService {private Context context; // 上下文public LoginService(Context context) {this.context = context;}/** 保存登录信息*/public boolean saveLoginMsg(String name, String password) {boolean flag = false;// 不要加后缀名，系统自动以.xml的格式保存// 这里的login是要存放的文件名SharedPreferences preferences = context.getSharedPreferences("login",context.MODE_PRIVATE + context.MODE_APPEND);Editor editor = preferences.edit();editor.putString("name", name);editor.putString("password", password);flag = editor.commit();return flag;}/** 保存文件*/public boolean saveSharePreference(String filename, Map<String, Object> map) {boolean flag = false;SharedPreferences preferences = context.getSharedPreferences(filename,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);/** 存数据的时候要用到Editor*/Editor editor = preferences.edit();for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : map.entrySet()) {String key = entry.getKey();Object object = entry.getValue();if (object instanceof Boolean) {Boolean new_name = (Boolean) object;editor.putBoolean(key, new_name);} else if (object instanceof Integer) {Integer integer = (Integer) object;editor.putInt(key, integer);} else if (object instanceof Float) {Float f = (Float) object;editor.putFloat(key, f);} else if (object instanceof Long) {Long l = (Long) object;editor.putLong(key, l);} else if (object instanceof String) {String s = (String) object;editor.putString(key, s);}}flag = editor.commit();return flag;}/** 读取文件*/public Map<String, ?> getSharePreference(String filename) {Map<String, ?> map = null;SharedPreferences preferences = context.getSharedPreferences(filename,Context.MODE_PRIVATE);/** 读数据的饿时候只需要访问即可*/map = preferences.getAll();return map;}
}

（3）MainActivity.java

package com.lc.data_storage_share;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;import com.example.data_storage_share.R;
import com.lc.data_storage_share.sharepreference.LoginService;import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.EditText;/** 单元测试的时候需要在清单文件中*/
public class MainActivity extends Activity {private Button button1;// 登录private Button button2;// 取消private EditText editText1, editText2;private CheckBox checkBox1;// 记住密码private CheckBox checkBox2; // 静音登录private LoginService service;Map<String, ?> map = null;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);button1 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button1);button2 = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button2);editText1 = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.editText1);editText2 = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.editText2);checkBox1 = (CheckBox) this.findViewById(R.id.checkBox1);checkBox2 = (CheckBox) this.findViewById(R.id.checkBox2);service = new LoginService(this);map = service.getSharePreference("login");if (map != null && !map.isEmpty()) {editText1.setText(map.get("username").toString());checkBox1.setChecked((Boolean) map.get("isName"));checkBox2.setChecked((Boolean) map.get("isquiet"));} button1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubif (editText1.getText().toString().trim().equals("admin")) {Map<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();if (checkBox1.isChecked()) {map1.put("username", editText1.getText().toString().trim());}else {map1.put("username", "");}map1.put("isName", checkBox1.isChecked());map1.put("isquiet", checkBox2.isChecked());service.saveSharePreference("login", map1);}}});}@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);return true;}}

（4）测试类：

package com.lc.data_storage_share;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;import com.lc.data_storage_share.sharepreference.LoginService;public class MyTest extends AndroidTestCase {private final String TAG = "MyTest";public MyTest() {// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}/** 登录*/public void save() {LoginService service = new LoginService(getContext());boolean flag = service.saveLoginMsg("admin", "123");Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + flag);}/** 保存文件*/public void saveFile() {LoginService service = new LoginService(getContext());Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();map.put("name", "jack");map.put("age", 23);map.put("salary", 23000.0f);map.put("id", 1256423132l);map.put("isManager", true);boolean flag = service.saveSharePreference("msg", map);Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + flag);}/** 读取文件*/public void readFile() {LoginService service = new LoginService(getContext());Map<String, ?> map = service.getSharePreference("msg");Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + map.get("name"));Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + map.get("age"));Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + map.get("salary"));Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + map.get("isManager"));Log.i(TAG, "-->>" + map.get("id"));}}

如何添加Junit测试单元：

1.在清单文件中添加：

2.在application中添加：

3.测试类MyTest要继承AndroidTestCase

（5）结果，下次登录的时候会记着用户名

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