通过重载输入和输出运算符实现复数的输入和输出

本文主要是介绍通过重载输入和输出运算符实现复数的输入和输出，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

程序代码:

#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex   
{
public:Complex( )//定义默认构造函数初始化复数{real=0;imag=0;}      //使用初始化表初始化复数Complex(double r, double i):real(r),imag(i){}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);//复数的加法Complex operator-(Complex &c2);//复数的减法Complex operator*(Complex &c2);//复数的乘法Complex operator/(Complex &c2);//复数的除法//重载<<运算符实现输出复数friend ostream&  operator <<(ostream& output, Complex& c);//重载>>运算符实现输入复数friend istream&  operator >>(istream& input, Complex& c);private:double real;//复数的实部double imag;//复数的虚部
};//复数的加法
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)
{Complex c3;c3.real  = real + c2.real;c3.imag  = imag + c2.imag;return c3;
}//复数的减法
Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2)
{Complex c3;c3.real  = real - c2.real;c3.imag  = imag - c2.imag;return c3;
}//复数的乘法
Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2)
{Complex c3;c3.real = real*c2.real - imag * c2.imag;c3.imag = real*c2.imag + imag * c2.real;return c3;
}//复数的除法
Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2)
{  Complex c3;c3.real = (real * c2.real + imag * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);c3.imag = (imag * c2.real - real * c2.imag) / (c2.real*c2.real + c2.imag * c2.imag);return c3;
}//重载>>运算符实现输入复数
istream&  operator >>(istream& input, Complex& c)
{int a, b;char sign, i;do{cout<<"请输入一个复数,以(a+bi或a-bi)的形式输入:";input>>a>>sign>>b>>i;}while(!(('+' == sign || '-' == sign) && 'i' == i));c.real = a;c.imag = ('+' == sign) ? b : -b;return input;
}//重载<<运算符实现输出复数
ostream&  operator <<(ostream& output, Complex& c)
{int num = c.imag;if(num>0){output<<c.real<<"+"<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;}else{output<<c.real<<c.imag<<"i"<<endl;}return output;
}void main( )
{//定义三个复数Complex c1, c2, c3;cout<<"请输入一个复数:";cin>>c1;cout<<"请输入一个复数:";cin>>c2;//打印第一个复数cout<<"c1 = ";cout<<c1;//打印第二个复数cout<<"c2 = ";cout<<c2;//两个复数相加c3 = c1 + c2;cout<<"c1 + c2 = ";cout<<c3;//两个复数想减c3 = c1 - c2;cout<<"c1 - c2 = ";cout<<c3;//两个复数相乘c3 = c1 * c2;cout<<"c1 * c2 = ";cout<<c3;//两个复数相除c3 = c1 / c2;cout<<"c1 / c2 = ";cout<<c3;system("pause");
}

执行结果: