爬取某站排行榜Top100的视频数据

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1、第三方库导入

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup # 解析网页
import re   # 正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error  # 通过浏览器请求数据
import sqlite3  # 轻型数据库
import time  # 获取当前时间

2、程序运行主函数

爬取过程主要包括声明爬取网页 -> 爬取网页数据并解析 -> 保存数据

def main():#声明爬取网站baseurl = "https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all"#爬取网页datalist = getData(baseurl)# print(datalist)#保存数据dbname = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())dbpath = "BiliBiliTop100  " + dbnamesaveData(datalist,dbpath)

（1）在爬取的过程中采用的技术为：伪装成浏览器对数据进行请求；
（2）解析爬取到的网页源码时：采用Beautifulsoup解析出需要的数据，使用re正则表达式对数据进行匹配；
（3）保存数据时，考虑到B站排行榜是每日进行刷新，故可以用当前日期进行保存数据库命名。

3、程序运行结果

数据库中包含的数据有：排名、视频链接、标题、播放量、评论量、作者、综合分数这7个数据。

4、程序源代码

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #解析网页
import re # 正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error
import sqlite3
import timedef main():#声明爬取网站baseurl = "https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all"#爬取网页datalist = getData(baseurl)# print(datalist)#保存数据dbname = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())dbpath = "BiliBiliTop100  " + dbnamesaveData(datalist,dbpath)#re正则表达式
findLink =re.compile(r'<a class="title" href="(.*?)"') #视频链接
findOrder = re.compile(r'<div class="num">(.*?)</div>') #榜单次序
findTitle = re.compile(r'<a class="title" href=".*?" target="_blank">(.*?)</a>') #视频标题
findPlay = re.compile(r'<span class="data-box"><i class="b-icon play"></i>([\s\S]*)(.*?)</span> <span class="data-box">') #视频播放量
findView = re.compile(r'<span class="data-box"><i class="b-icon view"></i>([\s\S]*)(.*?)</span> <a href=".*?" target="_blank"><span class="data-box up-name">') # 视频评价数
findName = re.compile(r'<i class="b-icon author"></i>(.*?)</span></a>',re.S) #视频作者
findScore = re.compile(r'<div class="pts"><div>(.*?)</div>综合得分',re.S) #视频得分
def getData(baseurl):datalist = []html = askURL(baseurl)#print(html)soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'html.parser')  #解释器for item in soup.find_all('li',class_="rank-item"):# print(item)data = []item = str(item)Order = re.findall(findOrder,item)[0]data.append(Order)# print(Order)Link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]Link = 'https:' + Linkdata.append(Link)# print(Link)Title = re.findall(findTitle,item)[0]data.append(Title)# print(Title)Play = re.findall(findPlay,item)[0][0]Play = Play.replace(" ","")Play = Play.replace("\n","")Play = Play.replace(".","")Play = Play.replace("万","0000")data.append(Play)# print(Play)View = re.findall(findView,item)[0][0]View = View.replace(" ","")View = View.replace("\n","")View = View.replace(".","")View = View.replace("万","0000")data.append(View)# print(View)Name = re.findall(findName,item)[0]Name = Name.replace(" ","")Name = Name.replace("\n","")data.append(Name)# print(Name)Score = re.findall(findScore,item)[0]data.append(Score)# print(Score)datalist.append(data)return datalistdef askURL(url):#设置请求头head = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0;Win64;x64) AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML, likeGecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163Safari/537.36"}request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers = head)html = ""try:response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)html = response.read().decode("utf-8")#print(html)except urllib.error.URLError as e:if hasattr(e,"code"):print(e.code)if hasattr(e,"reason"):print(e.reason)return htmldef saveData(datalist,dbpath):init_db(dbpath)conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)cur = conn.cursor()for data in datalist:sql = '''insert into Top100(id,info_link,title,play,view,name,score)values("%s","%s","%s","%s","%s","%s","%s")'''%(data[0],data[1],data[2],data[3],data[4],data[5],data[6])print(sql)cur.execute(sql)conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()def init_db(dbpath):sql = '''create table Top100(id integer primary key autoincrement,info_link text,title text,play numeric,view numeric,name text,score numeric)'''conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)cursor = conn.cursor()cursor.execute(sql)conn.commit()conn.close()if __name__ =="__main__":main()