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ArcGIS中有相关工具实现多值提取到点的功能，在这里，我将使用R语言进行操作：
library(dplyr)
library(readxl)
library(sf)
library(raster)setwd("D:/Datasets")
Bio <- stack(paste0("D:/Datasets/Data/worldclim2_1km/",c("wc2.1_30s_bio_1","wc2.1_30s_bio_2","wc2.1_30s_bio_3","wc2.1_30s_bio_4","wc2.1_30s_bio_5","wc2.1_30s_bio_6","wc2.1_30s_bio_7","wc2.1_30s_bio_8","wc2.1_30s_bio_9","wc2.1_30s_bio_10","wc2.1_30s_bio_11","wc2.1_30s_bio_12","wc2.1_30s_bio_13","wc2.1_30s_bio_14","wc2.1_30s_bio_15","wc2.1_30s_bio_16","wc2.1_30s_bio_17","wc2.1_30s_bio_18","wc2.1_30s_bio_19"),".tif")
)dataset <- read_excel("datasets.xlsx")
head(dataset)# 定义经纬度坐标
longlat<- as.data.frame(dataset[,c(2:3)])
# 将经纬度坐标转换为SpatialPoints对象
coordinates(longlat) <- c("Long", "Lat")
proj4string(longlat) <- CRS("+proj=longlat +datum=WGS84")
#定义转换的投影方式
UTM_Proj <- CRS(st_crs(Bio)$proj4string)
# 将经纬度坐标转换为xy坐标
xy <- spTransform(longlat, UTM_Proj)
# 检查投影坐标系是否一致
st_crs(Bio)$proj4string
st_crs(xy)$proj4stringdata_clim<-raster::extract(Bio, xy)
head(data_clim)
这里Bio数据结果如下： 其中地理坐标系为WGS 1984，投影坐标系为WGS 1984 Albers（见crs）
> Bio
class : RasterStack
dimensions : 1422, 1185, 1685070, 19 (nrow, ncol, ncell, nlayers)
resolution : 1000, 1000 (x, y)
extent : 296958.9, 1481959, 2562602, 3984602 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)
crs : +proj=aea +lat_0=0 +lon_0=105 +lat_1=25 +lat_2=47 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs
names : wc2.1_30s_bio_1, wc2.1_30s_bio_2, wc2.1_30s_bio_3, wc2.1_30s_bio_4, wc2.1_30s_bio_5, wc2.1_30s_bio_6, wc2.1_30s_bio_7, wc2.1_30s_bio_8, wc2.1_30s_bio_9, wc2.1_30s_bio_10, wc2.1_30s_bio_11, wc2.1_30s_bio_12, wc2.1_30s_bio_13, wc2.1_30s_bio_14, wc2.1_30s_bio_15, ...
min values : 3.520833, 5.666667, 19.015659, 585.165588, 17.000000, -11.500000, 24.199999, 12.566667, -5.850000, 12.566667, -5.850000, 533.000000, 109.000000, 2.000000, 41.892853, ...
max values : 20.31667, 11.91667, 33.88480, 1056.25293, 34.50000, 6.20000, 38.90000, 27.73333, 17.23333, 28.71667, 12.00000, 2296.00000, 368.00000, 62.00000, 111.78159, ...
注意： dataset中使用的采样点为度分表的小数形式，然而所需要提取的Bio数据为投影坐标系，所以这里需要为dataset采样点定义一个相同的投影坐标系，才能实现采样。
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