本文主要是介绍Keepalived构建双主MySQL，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
文章转自：http://www.myoradba.com/?p=284
本文介绍，关于keepalive的原理请参考《Keepalived 原理与实战精讲及配置范例》
安装环境介绍
mysql.ymz.com 10.211.55.100
db01.ymz.com 10.211.55.5
db02.ymz.com 10.211.55.6
db01 ~ db02 主主复制
Keepalived 安装
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | # tar -xzvf /tmp/keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --disable-fwmark # make && make install # cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ # cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ # cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ # mkdir -p /etc/keepalived # cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ |
配置 keepalived.conf#
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 | #vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { cloudhorizon @ 163.com } notification_email_from db01 @ ymz .com smtp _server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect _timeout 30 router_id mysql - ha } vrrp_script check_run { script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh" interval 5 } vrrp_sync_group VG1 { group { VI _1 } } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth0 virtual_router_id 51 # db01为100，db02为99 priority 100 advert_int 1 authentication { auth_type PASS auth _pass 1111 } track_script { check _run } virtual_ipaddress { 10.211.55.100 } } virtual _server 10.211.55.100 3306 { #每个2秒检查一次real_server状态 delay _loop 2 #LVS算法 lb_algo wrr #LVS模式 lb_kind DR #会话保持时间 persistence _timeout 60 protocol TCP #此处M-S的IP应该不同 real _server 10.211.55.5 3306 { weight 3 #检测到服务down后执行的脚本 notify_down / etc / keepalived / mysql_down .sh TCP_CHECK { #连接超时时间 connect _timeout 10 #重连次数 nb_get _retry 3 #重连间隔时间 delay_before _retry 3 #健康检查端口 connect _port 3306 } } |
配置mysql状态检测脚本 check_mysql.sh，主备相同
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 | # vi /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh ! / bin / bash MYSQL = / usr / local / mysql / bin / mysql MYSQL_HOST = 10.211.55.5 MYSQL_USER = root MYSQL_PASSWORD = root CHECK_TIME = 3 #mysql is working MYSQL_OK is 1 , mysql down MYSQL_OK is 0 MYSQL_OK = 1 function check_mysql_helth ( ) { $MYSQL - h $MYSQL_HOST - u $MYSQL_USER - p $ { MYSQL_PASSWORD } - e "show status;" > / dev / null 2 > & 1 if [ $ ? = 0 ] ; then MYSQL_OK = 1 else MYSQL_OK = 0 fi return $MYSQL_OK } while [ $CHECK_TIME - ne 0 ] do let "CHECK_TIME -= 1" check_mysql_helth if [ $MYSQL_OK = 1 ] ; then CHECK_TIME = 0 exit 0 fi if [ $MYSQL_OK - eq 0 ] && [ $CHECK_TIME - eq 0 ] then / etc / init .d / keepalived stop exit 1 fi sleep 1 done |
| 1 | # chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh |
## 检测数据库关闭时执行的脚本mysql_down.sh
| 1 2 3 4 | # vi /etc/keepalived/mysql_down.sh ! / bin / bash service keepalived stop # chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/mysql_down.sh |
此脚本是上面配置文件notify_down选项所用到的，keepalived使用notify_down选项来检查real_server的服务状态，当发现real_server服务故障时，便触发此脚本;我们可以看到，脚本就一个命令，通过pkill keepalived强制杀死keepalived进程，从而实现了MySQL故障自动转移。另外，我们不用担心两个MySQL会同时提供数据更新操作，因为每台MySQL上的keepalived的配置里面只有本机MySQL的IP+VIP，而不是两台MySQL的IP+VIP
## 启动db01的 keepalived
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 | #/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D # ps -aux | grep keepalived # tail -f /var/logs/messages Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 Keepalived [ 25463 ] : Stopping Keepalived v1 . 2.13 ( 07 / 09 , 2014 ) Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25465 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) sending 0 priority Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25465 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) removing protocol VIPs . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25464 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.100 removed Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25464 ] : Removing service [ 10.211.55.5 ] : 3306 from VS [ 10.211.55.100 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 19 : 55 db01 avahi - daemon [ 2898 ] : Withdrawing address record for 10.211.55.100 on eth0 . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived [ 25482 ] : Starting Keepalived v1 . 2.13 ( 07 / 09 , 2014 ) Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived [ 25483 ] : Starting Healthcheck child process , pid = 25484 Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived [ 25483 ] : Starting VRRP child process , pid = 25485 Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.5 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fed9 : 4db2 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fe80 :: 21c : 42ff : fed9 : 4db2 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Registering Kernel netlink reflector Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Registering Kernel netlink command channel Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf' . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Configuration is using : 11915 Bytes Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector . . . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Activating healthchecker for service [ 10.211.55.5 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.5 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fed9 : 4db2 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fe80 :: 21c : 42ff : fed9 : 4db2 added Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Registering Kernel netlink reflector Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Registering Kernel netlink command channel Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf' . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Configuration is using : 67848 Bytes Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector . . . Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Entering BACKUP STATE Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP sockpool : [ ifindex ( 2 ) , proto ( 112 ) , unicast ( 0 ) , fd ( 10 , 11 ) ] Jul 15 00 : 19 : 57 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Script ( check_run ) succeeded Jul 15 00 : 20 : 01 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Transition to MASTER STATE Jul 15 00 : 20 : 01 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Group ( VG1 ) Syncing instances to MASTER state Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Entering MASTER STATE Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) setting protocol VIPs . Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.211.55.100 Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.100 added Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.100 added Jul 15 00 : 20 : 02 db01 avahi - daemon [ 2898 ] : Registering new address record for 10.211.55.100 on eth0 . Jul 15 00 : 20 : 07 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.211.55.100 |
使用VIP 连接mysql
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 | [ root @ db02 keepalived ] # mysql -uroot -proot -h 10.211.55.100 Welcome to the MySQL monitor . Commands end with ; or \ g . Your MySQL connection id is 420 Server version : 5.6.18 - enterprise - commercial - advanced - log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition ( Commercial ) Type 'help;' or '\h' for help . Type '\c' to clear the buffer . mysql > \ s -- -- -- -- -- -- -- mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.77 , for redhat - linux - gnu ( x86_64 ) using readline 5.1 Connection id : 420 Current database : Current user : root @ 10.211.55.6 SSL : Not in use Current pager : stdout Using outfile : '' Using delimiter : ; Server version : 5.6.18 - enterprise - commercial - advanced - log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition ( Commercial ) Protocol version : 10 Connection : 10.211.55.100 via TCP / IP Server characterset : latin1 Db characterset : latin1 Client characterset : latin1 Conn . characterset : latin1 TCP port : 3306 Uptime : 4 days 6 hours 59 min 5 sec Threads : 6 Questions : 414 Slow queries : 5 Opens : 76 Flush tables : 1 Open tables : 69 Queries per second avg : 0.001 |
## 启动db02的 keepalived
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | # /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived -D # ps -aux | grep keepalived # tail -f /var/logs/messages Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived [ 27069 ] : Starting Keepalived v1 . 2.13 ( 07 / 14 , 2014 ) Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived [ 27070 ] : Starting Healthcheck child process , pid = 27071 Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.6 added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fe80 :: 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Registering Kernel netlink reflector Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Registering Kernel netlink command channel Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Registering gratuitous ARP shared channel Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf' . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived [ 27070 ] : Starting VRRP child process , pid = 27073 Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Configuration is using : 67830 Bytes Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector . . . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Entering BACKUP STATE Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP sockpool : [ ifindex ( 2 ) , proto ( 112 ) , unicast ( 0 ) , fd ( 10 , 11 ) ] Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 kernel : IPVS : Registered protocols ( TCP , UDP , AH , ESP ) Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 kernel : IPVS : Connection hash table configured ( size = 4096 , memory = 64Kbytes ) Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 kernel : IPVS : ipvs loaded . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.6 added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fe80 :: 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Registering Kernel netlink reflector Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Registering Kernel netlink command channel Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Opening file '/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf' . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Configuration is using : 11897 Bytes Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 kernel : IPVS : [ wrr ] scheduler registered . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Using LinkWatch kernel netlink reflector . . . Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Activating healthchecker for service [ 10.211.55.6 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 31 : 13 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Script ( check_run ) succeeded Jul 15 00 : 32 : 35 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 32 : 35 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added |
停止db01的mysql，检查/var/log/messages,发现vip 已经转移到db02
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 | [ root @ db01 ymz ] # tail -100f /var/log/messages Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : TCP connection to [ 10.211.55.5 ] : 3306 failed ! ! ! Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Removing service [ 10.211.55.5 ] : 3306 from VS [ 10.211.55.100 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Executing [ / etc / keepalived / mysql_down .sh ] for service [ 10.211.55.5 ] : 3306 in VS [ 10.211.55.100 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Lost quorum 1 - 0 = 1 > 0 for VS [ 10.211.55.100 ] : 3306 Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 25484 ] : Remote SMTP server [ 127.0.0.1 ] : 25 connected . Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived [ 25483 ] : Stopping Keepalived v1 . 2.13 ( 07 / 09 , 2014 ) Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) sending 0 priority Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 Keepalived_vrrp [ 25485 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) removing protocol VIPs . Jul 15 00 : 39 : 56 db01 avahi - daemon [ 2898 ] : Withdrawing address record for 10.211.55.100 on eth0 . [ root @ db02 ymz ] # tail -100f /var/log/messages Jul 15 00 : 39 : 52 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Transition to MASTER STATE Jul 15 00 : 39 : 52 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Group ( VG1 ) Syncing instances to MASTER state Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Entering MASTER STATE Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) setting protocol VIPs . Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.211.55.100 Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.100 added Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP 10.211.55.100 added Jul 15 00 : 39 : 53 db02 avahi - daemon [ 2808 ] : Registering new address record for 10.211.55.100 on eth0 . Jul 15 00 : 39 : 58 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : VRRP_Instance ( VI_1 ) Sending gratuitous ARPs on eth0 for 10.211.55.100 Jul 15 00 : 40 : 15 db02 Keepalived_healthcheckers [ 27071 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 40 : 15 db02 Keepalived_vrrp [ 27073 ] : Netlink reflector reports IP fdb2 : 2c26 : f4e4 : 0 : 21c : 42ff : fef9 : 58cf added Jul 15 00 : 40 : 41 db02 dhclient : DHCPREQUEST on eth0 to 10.211.55.1 port 67 ( xid = 0x6b67ba4c ) Jul 15 00 : 40 : 41 db02 dhclient : DHCPACK from 10.211.55.1 ( xid = 0x6b67ba4c ) Jul 15 00 : 40 : 41 db02 dhclient : bound to 10.211.55.6 -- renewal in 781 seconds |
异常处理
# 编译是报错 ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
configure: error: No SO_MARK declaration in headers
增减 –disable-fwmark
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/keepalived –disable-fwmark
参考：
https://github.com/acassen/keepalived/blob/master/configure.in
http://mrhouzhibin.blog.163.com/blog/static/194596241201111109501168/
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