如何安全地使用台锯，这是最可怕的电动工具

If you’ve decided to upgrade your power tool game and get a table saw, there are several things you should know before you crank it on and slide your first pieces of wood through.

如果您决定升级电动工具游戏并获得台锯，则在启动并滑动第一块木头之前，应了解几件事。

Don’t get me wrong; all power tools should be wielded properly and safely, but none more so than the almighty table saw. To give you some perspective, a typical table saw rotates the blade at around 4,000 RPM, allowing the teeth of the blade to make a cut approximately every 370 microseconds (that’s around 2,700 cuts every second). Furthermore, according to one study, 78% of injuries involving stationary power saws (this includes table saws, band saws, and miter saws) were from table saws.

不要误会我的意思； 所有电动工具均应正确且安全地使用，但无所不能。 为了给您一些视角，典型的台锯以大约4,000 RPM的速度旋转刀片，从而使刀片的齿大约每370微秒进行一次切割( 每秒约2700次切割)。 此外， 根据一项研究 ，涉及固定动力锯(包括台锯，带锯和斜切锯)的伤害中有78％来自台锯。

With that said, it’s extremely important that your table saw is used properly and with extreme caution. Here are some things you should know about operating a table saw safely and correctly.

话虽如此，正确使用台锯并格外小心非常重要。 关于安全正确地操作台锯，您应该了解以下几点。

入门时请使用所有安全设备 (Use All the Safety Equipment When Starting Out)

When you buy a new table saw, it will most likely come with a blade guard, a riving knife (aka a splitter), and some anti-kickback pawls. This may all seem like overkill, but they’re crucial for your safety when you’re just starting out and learning how to use your table saw.

当您购买新的台锯时，很可能会配备锯片防护罩，劈刀(又称分离器)和一些反回棘爪。 这看起来似乎有些过头，但是当您刚入门并学习如何使用台锯时，它们对于您的安全至关重要。

When you become more experienced, you can slowly begin to remove certain safety equipment in order to make complex cuts (at your own risk, of course). However, always have at least the riving knife installed, as this will prevent kickback and prevent major injury.

当您变得经验丰富时，可以慢慢地开始移除某些安全设备，以进行复杂的切割(当然，后果自负)。 但是，请始终至少安装分流刀，因为这将防止反冲并防止重大伤害。

Kickback is when your workpiece turns, twists, or binds in the middle of a cut and therefore is no longer parallel with the blade. This causes the teeth of the blade to grab onto the wood and fling it violently back towards you. Since the blade spins at an incredible speed, you can image how much force is used to fling that piece of wood.

回弹是指您的工件在切削过程中转动，扭曲或束缚，因此不再与刀片平行。 这会导致刀片的牙齿卡在木头上，然后猛烈地向您扑去。 由于刀片以令人难以置信的速度旋转，因此您可以想象出要用多少力来甩开那块木头。

The riving knife prevents this from happening and keeps the workpiece from turning, twisting, or binding during a cut. Anti-kickback pawls sort of act as a failsafe to the riving knife, digging into the workpiece if it does start to kickback and stop it in its tracks before the blade has a chance to fling the wood back at you.

分流刀可防止这种情况的发生，并在切割过程中防止工件转动，扭曲或粘结。 防回弹爪可作为割裂刀的故障保护，如果锯片确实开始回弹，则将其挖掘到工件中，然后在锯片有机会向您扑向木材之前将其停在轨道上。

投资一个好的推杆 (Invest in a Good Push Stick)

88% of all table saw injuries involve contact with the blade, so it’s important that you use a push stick whenever you can so that your hands are as far away from the blade as possible when making a cut. Furthermore, you should also invest in a good push stick, as the ones that come with your table saw aren’t all that great.

88％的台锯受伤涉及与刀片的接触，因此务必尽可能使用推杆，以使切割时手尽可能远离刀片。 此外，您还应该投资购买优质的推杆，因为您的台锯随附的推杆并不是很好。

Something like this allows you to apply force over a larger surface area of your workpiece, whereas most push sticks that come with your table saw only allow you to apply pressure to a small little corner of your workpiece as you feed it through.

事情是这样可以让您对您的工件具有较大的表面积施加外力，而随之而来的台锯最推棒只允许你施加压力，你的工件的小的小角落里，你给它通过。

切勿在没有栅栏或斜切规的情况下进行切割 (Never Make Cuts Without a Fence or Miter Gauge)

Every table saw comes with a rip fence, which is that long skinny block that runs parallel to the blade. Never make rip cuts (aka cutting wood lengthwise) without pressing the workpiece up to the rip fence in order to guide it through the blade at a perfect parallel angle.

每台台锯都带有裂隙栅栏，该裂隙栅栏是细长的，平行于锯片的块。 切勿在未将工件向上推至护栏的情况下进行割裂(也称为纵向切割木材)，以使其以理想的平行角度穿过锯片。

Likewise, never make cross cuts (aka cutting wood width-wise) without using a miter gauge. Some table saws will come with one, but you can buy them separately if not. This tool allows you to make perfect miter cuts on your table saw.

同样，切勿在没有使用斜接规的情况下进行横切(也就是沿宽度方向切割木材)。 一些台锯会附带一个，但如果没有，您可以单独购买 。 该工具可让您在台锯上进行完美的斜切。

So why do you need to use these tools to make table saw cuts? Again, kickback. A rip fence and a miter gauge prevent your workpiece from twisting or binding in the middle of a cut and possibly causing kickback. They also give you perfectly straight cuts, which is what you want in the first place.

那么，为什么需要使用这些工具进行台锯切割呢？ 再次，回扣。 防撕裂挡板和斜切规可防止您的工件在切割过程中扭曲或束缚，并可能导致反冲。 它们还为您提供完美的直切，这是您首先要的。

在制作之前可视化和练习切割 (Visualize & Practice Cuts Before You Make Them)

Many times, as the workpiece feeds through the blade, you have to readjust your hands, and not knowing where you need to place them next can be a recipe for disaster.

很多时候，当工件通过刀片进给时，您必须重新调整手的位置，而又不知道下一步该将其放置在何处，这可能是灾难的根源。

This is why it’s important to visualize and practice cuts before you actually make them, especially on new types of cuts. Imagine what the entire process of the cut will look like and where you’ll place your hands (or push stick). Then, off to the side, practice the motions of the entire cut to make sure that it will work out.

这就是为什么在实际制作裁切之前进行可视化和练习很重要的原因，尤其是在新裁切类型上。 想象一下切割的整个过程是什么样子，以及将手(或推杆)放在哪里。 然后，从侧面开始，练习整个切割的动作，以确保切割成功。

Eventually you’ll become more experienced to the point that you can easily make most cuts without rehearsing. However, when you’re just starting out (or trying a new cut), make sure to put some thought into how you’re going to make your cuts.

最终，您将变得经验丰富，以至于您可以轻松进行大多数削减而无需排练。 但是，当您刚开始(或尝试新的裁切)时，请确保对如何裁切有一些想法。

永远尊重你，恩典 (Always Show Respect, Your Grace)

While I mentioned above that you can start to let loose a little once you become more experienced, that’s only to a certain point. You always want to treat any power tool with respect, because the moment you bad mouth it, you’ll be convicted of treason (metaphorically) and your head will be cut off (possibly literally).

虽然我在上面提到过，一旦您变得经验丰富，就可以开始放松一点，但这只是到了一定程度。 您总是要尊重任何电动工具，因为一旦您不好用它，就会被判叛国罪(隐喻)，并且您的头会被割断(可能是字面上的意思)。

Whenever you become more experienced with anything, you start to get comfortable with it and naturally loosen up—you might be extremely cautious riding a dirtbike for the first time, but once you’ve done it a hundred times, that cautiousness flies out the window and you start to become more reckless.

每当您对任何事物有更多的经验时，您就会开始对它感到舒适并自然放松—您可能第一次非常谨慎地骑着一辆越野摩托车，但是一旦完成一百次，这种谨慎就会消失然后你变得更加鲁ck。

It’s completely fine to become comfortable and confident using your table saw, but you always want to show it respect and know that it won’t show mercy if you end up making a mistake.

使用您的台锯让自己感到舒适和自信完全可以，但是您始终想表达对它的尊重，并且知道如果您最终犯了一个错误，它也不会显示出仁慈。

始终佩戴护眼和护耳装置 (Always Wear Eye & Ear Protection)

Many people remember to wear e ye protection, but ear protection often goes by the wayside—table saws are really loud, and your hearing is probably something that’s important to you.

许多人记得要戴防护眼镜，但护耳设备常常会碰到路旁-台锯确实很大，您的听力可能对您来说很重要。

Always wear earplugs or earmuffs whenever you fire up your table saw, and always wear eye protection. At the very least, wear safety glasses, but you can also step it up a notch and wear a face shield that protects your entire head and neck from potential flying objects.

每次启动台锯时，请始终佩戴耳塞或耳罩，并始终佩戴护目镜。 至少要戴上安全眼镜，但您也可以将其提高一个级别，并戴上防护面罩 ，以保护整个头部和颈部免受潜在的飞行物体的伤害。

Image from Darren E/Flickr

图片来自Darren E / Flickr

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/324734/how-to-safely-use-a-table-saw-the-most-fearsome-power-tool-of-all/