Android基础控件——HorizontalScrollView的自定义，完美模仿抖音等短视频拍摄底部切换Tab控件

2023-11-06 17:10
文章标签 基础 视频 android 自定义 切换 完美 控件 底部 tab 抖音 拍摄 模仿 horizontalscrollview

本文主要是介绍Android基础控件——HorizontalScrollView的自定义，完美模仿抖音等短视频拍摄底部切换Tab控件，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

前言

最近在项目中需要用到跟抖音同样的控件效果，找了几个开源的TabLayout控件，要么功能很复杂，要么要自己拓展功能，还要去阅读别人代码，实在是没这个时间折腾。每次遇到找不到第三方的控件时候，就开始撸一个简单的控件，好维护又好拓展，功能也不差，做出来体验也很好

抖音原效果

在这里插入图片描述

模仿效果

在这里插入图片描述

简单使用

在布局上，是用底部Tab控件带动ViewPager的切换，中间的白点只是一个固定的图片而已，不会有任何作用

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:fitsSystemWindows="true"><RelativeLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:orientation="vertical"><com.remo.mobile.framework.widget.UnScrollViewPagerandroid:id="@+id/vp_record"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent" /><!--底部Tab控件--><com.remo.mobile.smallvideo.widget.horScrollerIndication.ScrollerSelectIndicationTextViewandroid:id="@+id/ssitv_tab"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" /></RelativeLayout><!--中间白点--><ImageViewandroid:layout_width="4dp"android:layout_height="4dp"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"android:layout_marginBottom="6dp"android:src="@drawable/scroller_textview_indication" />
</RelativeLayout>

从代码上，监听滚动和点击接口后，设置当前的ViewPager界面

ssitv_tab?.setOnPageSelectListenter(object : ScrollerSelectIndication.OnScrollerListener {override fun onPageSelect(position: Int) {vp_record.setCurrentItem(position, false)}
})

功能分析

出于简单考虑，并不会跟系统一样采用View的方式去画出来，而是采用组合View的形式去完成，此处分为两个步骤

  • HorizontalScrollView组合TextView部分
  • 自定义HorizontalScrollView部分

1、HorizontalScrollView组合TextView部分

  • 处理横向滚动组件和TextView之间的关系
  • 巧用Space控件来做空白区域的填充

2、自定义HorizontalScrollView部分

  • Tab的点击
  • 监听Tab的滑动
  • 控制Tab的滑动速度
  • Tab滑动落点的边界判断

实现分析

1、HorizontalScrollView组合TextView部分

此处只是简单的控件，包含HorizontalScrollView和TextView，也是最终外部使用的控件

class ScrollerSelectIndicationTextView @JvmOverloads constructor(context: Context,attrs: AttributeSet? = null,defStyleAttr: Int = 0
) : LinearLayout(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {companion object {const val TAG = "[视频服务-ScrollerSelectIndicationTextView]"}init {initView(context)}private fun initView(context: Context) {LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.layout_scroller_select_indication, this)}fun setOnPageSelectListenter(listener: ScrollerSelectIndication.OnScrollerListener) {ssi_indication?.onPageSelectListener = listener}
}

layout_scroller_select_indication布局包含自定义的HorizontalScrollView和TextView，而Space则是填补前面一段空白的位置，前后各有一段

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"tools:background="#40000000"><com.remo.mobile.smallvideo.widget.horScrollerIndication.ScrollerSelectIndicationandroid:id="@+id/ssi_indication"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"><LinearLayoutandroid:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:gravity="center_vertical"><Spaceandroid:layout_width="250dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/tv_album"android:layout_width="80dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center"android:text="Album"android:textColor="#40ffffff"android:textSize="14dp" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/tv_photo"android:layout_width="80dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center"android:text="Photo"android:textColor="#40ffffff"android:textSize="14dp" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/tv_video"android:layout_width="80dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center"android:text="Video"android:textColor="#40ffffff"android:textSize="14dp" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/tv_templates"android:layout_width="80dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:gravity="center"android:text="Templates"android:textColor="#40ffffff"android:textSize="14dp" /><Spaceandroid:layout_width="250dp"android:layout_height="wrap_content" /></LinearLayout></com.remo.mobile.smallvideo.widget.horScrollerIndication.ScrollerSelectIndication>
</RelativeLayout>

2、自定义HorizontalScrollView部分

自定义HorizontalScrollView部分要实现好几个功能，和滑动位置的计算，这块也不是特别复杂，主要包含

  • 在onSizeChanged获取所有Tab的点和TextView
  • 监听滑动的方案和落点的采集方案
  • 对命中Tab的距离做计算，并移动到Tab的准确位置上
  • 控制滚动的滑动速度

1、定义变量

class ScrollerSelectIndication @JvmOverloads constructor(context: Context,attrs: AttributeSet? = null,defStyleAttr: Int = 0
) : HorizontalScrollView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {var count = 0 //记录当前Tab的个数var tabWidth = 0 //当前Tab的宽度var tabSelectPoint = 0 //当前Tab的命中点位置var selectPoint = mutableListOf<Int>() //记录每个Tab命中的点var selectTextView = mutableListOf<TextView>() //记录每个TextViewvar leftSpace = 0 //当前文本最左边的距离var rightSpace = 0 //当前文本最右边的距离var currentX = -9999 //记录当前滚动的距离var scrollType = ScrollType.IDLE //当前滚动状态var currentSelected = 0 //当前命中位置，从0开始var onPageSelectListener: OnScrollerListener? = null}

2、获取大小

由于我们一开始定义好了是Space和TextView的配合，那么就可以直接知道它的布局结构，如果后续要拓展成ImageView也是可以的

override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) {super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh)selectPoint.clear() //避免缓存多次利用tabSelectPoint = measuredWidth / 2 //命中的落点是在控件的中间var layout = getChildAt(0) as LinearLayoutLog.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")for (i in 0..layout.childCount) {var text = layout.getChildAt(i)if (text is TextView) {var textWidth = text.layoutParams.widthtabWidth = textWidthselectPoint.add(leftSpace + textWidth / 2 + count++ * textWidth) //记录每个Tab命中的点selectTextView.add(text) //记录每个TextView} else if (text is Space) {if (leftSpace == 0) leftSpace = text.layoutParams.width //第一个肯定是左边的Spaceelse if (rightSpace == 0) rightSpace = leftSpace + count * tabWidth //第二个自然是右边的Space}}Log.i(TAG, "当前所有命中Tab的点 = $selectPoint")Log.i(TAG, "当前可见宽度 = $measuredWidth,当前Tab的宽度 = $tabWidth")Log.i(TAG, "当前文本最左边的距离 = $leftSpace,当前文本最右边的距离 = $rightSpace")Log.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")
}

3、监听滑动松手后的落点

这里采用了网上的方案，通过Handler一直获取点的变化，当发现点不再移动的时候则判定为滑动停止

enum class ScrollType {IDLE, TOUCH_SCROLL, FLING
}@SuppressLint("LongLogTag")
override fun onTouchEvent(ev: MotionEvent?): Boolean {when (ev?.action) {MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE -> {scrollType = ScrollType.TOUCH_SCROLLhandler.removeCallbacks(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_UP -> {handler.post(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {}}return super.onTouchEvent(ev)
}@SuppressLint("LongLogTag")
var scrollRunnable: Runnable = object : Runnable {override fun run() {if (scrollX == currentX) {scrollType = ScrollType.IDLEfor (i in 0 until selectPoint.size) {var selectPointWidth = selectPoint[i]// 计算当前点和命中点的距离，如果在某个Tab的一半距离内，那么就自动命中那个Tabif (abs(scrollX + tabSelectPoint - selectPointWidth) <= tabWidth / 2) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中 = $i")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint <= leftSpace) { //左边界计算Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最左边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[0] - tabSelectPoint, 0)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint >= rightSpace) { //右边界计算Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最右边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[count - 1] - tabSelectPoint, count - 1)break}}handler.removeCallbacks(this)return} else {scrollType = ScrollType.FLING}currentX = scrollXhandler.postDelayed(this, 50)}
}private fun scrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedscrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)
}private fun smoothScrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedsmoothScrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)
}private fun updateTextView(currentSelected: Int) {for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {var textView = selectTextView[i]if (currentSelected == i) {textView.alpha = 1.0ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))} else {textView.alpha = 0.4ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))}}
}interface OnScrollerListener {fun onPageSelect(position: Int)
}

4、点击事件

这里直接在获取大小后直接设置点击事件和初始化位置

@SuppressLint1("LongLogTag")
override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) {super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh)......for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {selectTextView[i].setOnClickListener {smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)}}postDelayed({scrollToPosition(selectPoint[currentSelected] - tabSelectPoint, currentSelected)}, 20)
}

5、控制滑动速度

当我们做完后发现横向滚动特别快，从其他竞品上看滑动的速度还是比较人性化，有点阻力的感觉，通过设置下面属性增加滑动阻力

override fun fling(velocityX: Int) {super.fling(velocityX / 5)
}

6、源码

package com.remo.mobile.smallvideo.widget.horScrollerIndicationimport android.content.Context
import android.graphics.Color
import android.util.AttributeSet
import android.util.Log
import android.view.MotionEvent
import android.widget.HorizontalScrollView
import android.widget.LinearLayout
import android.widget.Space
import android.widget.TextView
import kotlin.math.abs
import android.annotation.SuppressLint as SuppressLint1class ScrollerSelectIndication @JvmOverloads constructor(context: Context,attrs: AttributeSet? = null,defStyleAttr: Int = 0
) : HorizontalScrollView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {var count = 0 //记录当前Tab的个数var tabWidth = 0 //当前Tab的宽度var tabSelectPoint = 0 //当前Tab的命中点位置var selectPoint = mutableListOf<Int>() //记录每个Tab命中的点var selectTextView = mutableListOf<TextView>() //记录每个TextViewvar leftSpace = 0 //当前文本最左边的距离var rightSpace = 0 //当前文本最右边的距离var currentX = -9999 //记录当前滚动的距离var scrollType = ScrollType.IDLE //当前滚动状态var currentSelected = 0 //当前命中位置，从0开始var onPageSelectListener: OnScrollerListener? = nullcompanion object {const val TAG = "[视频服务-ScrollerSelectIndicationTextView]"}@SuppressLint1("LongLogTag")override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) {super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh)selectPoint.clear()tabSelectPoint = measuredWidth / 2var layout = getChildAt(0) as LinearLayoutLog.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")for (i in 0..layout.childCount) {var text = layout.getChildAt(i)if (text is TextView) {var textWidth = text.layoutParams.widthtabWidth = textWidthselectPoint.add(leftSpace + textWidth / 2 + count++ * textWidth)selectTextView.add(text)} else if (text is Space) {if (leftSpace == 0) leftSpace = text.layoutParams.widthelse if (rightSpace == 0) rightSpace = leftSpace + count * tabWidth}}Log.i(TAG, "当前所有命中Tab的点 = $selectPoint")Log.i(TAG, "当前可见宽度 = $measuredWidth,当前Tab的宽度 = $tabWidth")Log.i(TAG, "当前文本最左边的距离 = $leftSpace,当前文本最右边的距离 = $rightSpace")Log.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {selectTextView[i].setOnClickListener {smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)}}postDelayed({scrollToPosition(selectPoint[currentSelected] - tabSelectPoint, currentSelected)}, 20)}override fun fling(velocityX: Int) {super.fling(velocityX / 5)}@SuppressLint1("LongLogTag")override fun onTouchEvent(ev: MotionEvent?): Boolean {when (ev?.action) {MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE -> {scrollType = ScrollType.TOUCH_SCROLLhandler.removeCallbacks(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_UP -> {handler.post(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {}}return super.onTouchEvent(ev)}enum class ScrollType {IDLE, TOUCH_SCROLL, FLING}@SuppressLint1("LongLogTag")var scrollRunnable: Runnable = object : Runnable {override fun run() {if (scrollX == currentX) {scrollType = ScrollType.IDLEfor (i in 0 until selectPoint.size) {var selectPointWidth = selectPoint[i]if (abs(scrollX + tabSelectPoint - selectPointWidth) <= tabWidth / 2) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中 = $i")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint <= leftSpace) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最左边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[0] - tabSelectPoint, 0)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint >= rightSpace) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最右边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[count - 1] - tabSelectPoint, count - 1)break}}handler.removeCallbacks(this)return} else {scrollType = ScrollType.FLING}currentX = scrollXhandler.postDelayed(this, 50)}}private fun scrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedscrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)}private fun smoothScrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedsmoothScrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)}private fun updateTextView(currentSelected: Int) {for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {var textView = selectTextView[i]if (currentSelected == i) {textView.alpha = 1.0ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))} else {textView.alpha = 0.4ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))}}}interface OnScrollerListener {fun onPageSelect(position: Int)}
}

后续优化

后续让这个控件能实现底部可配置化，将xml布局改造成代码的形式去添加，这样可以减少一层嵌套，这样使用起来更简单一些

1、使用代码的形式

先创建根布局

<RelativeLayoutandroid:id="@+id/ly_indication"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />

通过代码的形式，动态添加布局，在参数textList填多少个都能够适配底部Tab的个数

indication = ScrollerSelectIndication(this,textList = mutableListOf("Album", "Photo"))
indication?.onPageSelectListener = object : ScrollerSelectIndication.OnScrollerListener {override fun onPageSelect(position: Int) {pageSelect_Type1(position)}
}
ly_indication = findViewById(R.id.ly_indication)
ly_indication?.addView(indication)

2、源码动态生成布局

在源码中，通过代码的形式，将我们一开始的布局转换成代码，让其适配多个Tab的使用

class ScrollerSelectIndication @JvmOverloads constructor(context: Context,attrs: AttributeSet? = null,defStyleAttr: Int = 0,textList: List<String>
) : HorizontalScrollView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {var count = 0 //记录当前Tab的个数var tabWidth = 0 //当前Tab的宽度var tabSelectPoint = 0 //当前Tab的命中点位置var selectPoint = mutableListOf<Int>() //记录每个Tab命中的点var selectTextView = mutableListOf<TextView>() //记录每个TextViewvar leftSpace = 0 //当前文本最左边的距离var rightSpace = 0 //当前文本最右边的距离var currentX = -9999 //记录当前滚动的距离var scrollType = ScrollType.IDLE //当前滚动状态var currentSelected = 0 //当前命中位置，从0开始var onPageSelectListener: OnScrollerListener? = nullcompanion object {const val TAG = "[视频服务-ScrollerSelectIndicationTextView]"}init {layoutParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, 42.dp2px)setBackgroundColor(Color.parseColor("#40000000"))var root = LinearLayout(context)var rootParams = LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)var leftSpace = Space(context)var leftSpaceParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(250.dp2px, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)root.addView(leftSpace, leftSpaceParams)for (text in textList) {var textView = TextView(context)textView.text = texttextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#40ffffff"))textView.textSize = 16ftextView.gravity = Gravity.CENTERvar textViewParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(80.dp2px, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)root.addView(textView, textViewParams)}var rightSpace = Space(context)var rightSpaceParams = ViewGroup.LayoutParams(250.dp2px, ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT)root.addView(rightSpace, rightSpaceParams)addView(root, rootParams)}@SuppressLint("LongLogTag")override fun onSizeChanged(w: Int, h: Int, oldw: Int, oldh: Int) {super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh)selectPoint.clear()tabSelectPoint = measuredWidth / 2var layout = getChildAt(0) as LinearLayoutLog.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")for (i in 0..layout.childCount) {var text = layout.getChildAt(i)if (text is TextView) {var textWidth = text.layoutParams.widthtabWidth = textWidthselectPoint.add(leftSpace + textWidth / 2 + count++ * textWidth)selectTextView.add(text)} else if (text is Space) {if (leftSpace == 0) leftSpace = text.layoutParams.widthelse if (rightSpace == 0) rightSpace = leftSpace + count * tabWidth}}Log.i(TAG, "当前所有命中Tab的点 = $selectPoint")Log.i(TAG, "当前可见宽度 = $measuredWidth,当前Tab的宽度 = $tabWidth")Log.i(TAG, "当前文本最左边的距离 = $leftSpace,当前文本最右边的距离 = $rightSpace")Log.i(TAG, "---------------------------------------------")for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {selectTextView[i].setOnClickListener {smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)}}postDelayed({scrollToPosition(selectPoint[currentSelected] - tabSelectPoint, currentSelected)}, 20)}override fun fling(velocityX: Int) {super.fling(velocityX / 5)}@SuppressLint("LongLogTag")override fun onTouchEvent(ev: MotionEvent?): Boolean {when (ev?.action) {MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE -> {scrollType = ScrollType.TOUCH_SCROLLhandler.removeCallbacks(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_UP -> {handler.post(scrollRunnable)}MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> {}}return super.onTouchEvent(ev)}enum class ScrollType {IDLE, TOUCH_SCROLL, FLING}@SuppressLint("LongLogTag")var scrollRunnable: Runnable = object : Runnable {override fun run() {if (scrollX == currentX) {scrollType = ScrollType.IDLEfor (i in 0 until selectPoint.size) {var selectPointWidth = selectPoint[i]if (abs(scrollX + tabSelectPoint - selectPointWidth) <= tabWidth / 2) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中 = $i")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[i] - tabSelectPoint, i)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint <= leftSpace) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最左边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[0] - tabSelectPoint, 0)break} else if (scrollX + tabSelectPoint >= rightSpace) {Log.i(TAG, "当前命中最右边")smoothScrollToPosition(selectPoint[count - 1] - tabSelectPoint, count - 1)break}}handler.removeCallbacks(this)return} else {scrollType = ScrollType.FLING}currentX = scrollXhandler.postDelayed(this, 50)}}private fun scrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedscrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)}private fun smoothScrollToPosition(scrollX: Int, currentSelected: Int) {this.currentSelected = currentSelectedsmoothScrollTo(scrollX, 0)updateTextView(currentSelected)onPageSelectListener?.onPageSelect(currentSelected)}private fun updateTextView(currentSelected: Int) {for (i in 0 until selectTextView.size) {var textView = selectTextView[i]if (currentSelected == i) {textView.alpha = 1.0ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))} else {textView.alpha = 0.4ftextView.setTextColor(Color.parseColor("#FFFFFF"))}}}interface OnScrollerListener {fun onPageSelect(position: Int)}
}

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