使用Python批量下载IGS测站GNSS原始观测数据，并转换为.rnx格式

使用Python批量下载IGS测站GNSS原始观测数据，并转换为.rnx格式

前言

随着全球PPP-AR/PPP-RTK技术的日渐成熟，扩大了大规模使用IGS测站数据的需求，因此有必要开发一种可以直接批量获取IGS原始观测文件的工具

一、IGS测站网络

1. IGS Network
   可以通过访问IGS官网的“NETWORK RESOURCES”板块查看测站分布及数量（https://igs.org/network-resources），截至2023年08月28日，共有513个IGS测站。
2. 常用的IGS测站原始观测数据下载地址：
   1）武汉大学：ftp://igs.gnsswhu.cn/pub/gps/data/daily/
   2）CDDIS：https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/data/daily/ （需要注册账户）
   3）IGS： ftp://igs.ign.fr/pub/igs/data/campaign/mgex/daily/
   更多下载地址可见：
   1）https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/619226024?utm_id=0
   2）https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35099602/article/details/108183367

二、批量获取IGS测站原始观测数据代码

1.文件准备

根据需要的测站名，构建批量下载文件列表，如下图所示：

2. crx2rnx.exe准备

准备crx2rnx.exe，便于将下载得到的.crx.gz文件解压后转换为.rnx格式的观测文件。注意：crx2rnx.exe可放置于与.py文件同级目录下（无需再改下面的代码），也可能通过指定路径访问（见第三部分"convert_to_rnx"函数注释）。

3. 源代码

代码如下（示例）：

from ftplib import FTP
from datetime import datetime
import os
import subprocess
import shutil
import gzip
def write_to_log(message, log_file):log_file.write(message + "\n")def extract_file(input_file_path):#解压并提取文件try:# 解压 .gz 文件output_file_path = input_file_path[:-3]  # 移除 .gz 扩展名with gzip.open(input_file_path, "rb") as gz_file, open(output_file_path, "wb") as output_file:shutil.copyfileobj(gz_file, output_file)return output_file_pathexcept Exception as e:print(f"Error during extraction: {str(e)}")return Nonedef rename_file_to_xxd(input_file_path,year):#重命名文件try:new_file_path = input_file_path[:-4]new_file_path = new_file_path+"." + year+"d"os.rename(input_file_path, new_file_path)return new_file_pathexcept Exception as e:print(f"Error during renaming: {str(e)}")return Nonedef convert_to_rnx(input_file_path):#转换为.rnx格式文件try:subprocess.run(["crx2rnx.exe", input_file_path])#可以更改.exe的路径return Trueexcept Exception as e:print(f"Error during conversion: {str(e)}")return Falsedef download_file_from_ftp(ftp_host, remote_file_path, local_file_path):#通过访问ftp下载文件with FTP(ftp_host) as ftp:ftp.login()try:with open(local_file_path, "wb") as local_file:ftp.retrbinary("RETR " + remote_file_path, local_file.write)#write_to_log(f"Downloaded {remote_file_path} successfully.",log_file)return Trueexcept Exception as e:#write_to_log(f"Downloaded {remote_file_path} failed.",log_file)return Falsedef download_files_from_list(ftp_host, file_list_path, output_folder,log_file):#根据文件列表下载文件with open(file_list_path, "r") as file_list:logfile=open(log_file, "w")for line in file_list:file_name = line.strip()year=file_name[12:16];doy=file_name[16:19];remote_file_path = f"/pub/gps/data/daily/{year}/{doy}/{year[2:4]}d/{file_name}"  # 替换为实际的远程目录和文件名local_file_path = os.path.join(output_folder, file_name)success = download_file_from_ftp(ftp_host, remote_file_path, local_file_path)timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")  # 获取当前时间戳if success:write_to_log(f"{timestamp} Downloaded {remote_file_path} successfully.",logfile)extracted_file_path = extract_file(local_file_path)if extracted_file_path:write_to_log(f"Processed {file_name} successfully.",logfile)renamed_file_path = rename_file_to_xxd(extracted_file_path,year[2:4])if renamed_file_path:write_to_log(f"Renamed {extracted_file_path} to {renamed_file_path}.",logfile)if convert_to_rnx(renamed_file_path):write_to_log(f"Converted {renamed_file_path} to RINEX format.",logfile)else:write_to_log(f"Conversion of {renamed_file_path} failed.",logfile)else:write_to_log(f"Renaming of {extracted_file_path} failed.",logfile)else:write_to_log(f"Processing of {file_name} failed.",logfile)else:write_to_log(f"{timestamp} Downloaded {remote_file_path} failed.",log_file)if __name__ == "__main__":ftp_host = "igs.gnsswhu.cn"  # 替换为实际的FTP主机名或IP地址file_list_path = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/file.txt"  # 替换为实际的文件名列表文本文件路径output_folder = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/"  # 替换为实际的本地保存文件夹路径log_file = "C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/data/download_log.txt"download_files_from_list(ftp_host, file_list_path, output_folder,log_file)

4. 结果

总结

以上就是一个简单的、可直接运行的IGS测站观测数据批量下载小工具，欢迎交流讨论！