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以下是 Spring Boot 集成 Lucene 的详细步骤:
添加依赖
在 Spring Boot 项目的 pom.XML 文件中添加 Lucene 的依赖,常用的核心依赖和中文分词器依赖如下:
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId> <artifactId>lucene-core</artifactId> <version>8.11.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId> <artifactId>lucene-analyzers-common</artifactId> <version>8.11.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.wltea</groupId> <artifactId>ik-analyzer</artifactId> <version>20200623</version> </dependency>
创建配置类
创建一个配置类,对 Lucene 的相关组件进行配置,如索引目录、分词器等:
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer; import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import Java.nio.file.Paths; @Configuration public class LuceneConfig { private final String indexPath = "indexDir"; // 索引存储路径 @Bean public Directory directory() throws Exception { return FSDirectory.open(Paths.get(indexPath)); } @Bean public Analyzer analyzer() { return new StandardAnalyzer(); // 可替换为其他分词器,如 IKAnalyzer } }
创建实体类
根据实际需求创建一个实体类,用于表示要索引的文档对象,例如:
public class Book { private String id; private String title; private String author; private String content; // 省略getter、setter等方法 }
创建索引服务类
创建一个服务类,用于处理索引相关的操作,如创建索引、添加文档、删除文档等:
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; import org.apache.lucene.document.Field; import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField; import org.apache.lucene.index.*; import org.apache.lucene.search.*; import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; @Service public class LuceneIndexService { @Autowired private Directory directory; @Autowired private Analyzer analyzer; // 创建索引 public void createIndex(List<Book> bookList) throws IOException { IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer); IndexWriter writer = China编程new IndexWriter(directorypython, config); for (Book book : bookList) { Document doc = new Document(); doc.add(new TextField("id", book.getId(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("title", book.getTitle(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("author", book.getAuthor(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("content", book.getContent(), Field.Store.YES)); writer.addDocument(doc); } writer.close(); } // 添加文档到索引 public void addDocument(Book book) throws IOException { IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer); IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(directory, config); Document doc = new Document(); doc.add(new TextField("id", book.getId(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("title", book.getTitle(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("author", book.getAuthor(), Field.Store.YES)); doc.add(new TextField("content", book.getContent(), Field.Store.YES)); writer.addDocument(doc); writer.close(); } // 删除文档 public void deleteDocument(String id) throws IOException { IndexWriterConfig config = new IndexWriterConfig(analyzer); IndexWriter writer = new IndexWriter(directory, config); writer.deleteDocuments(new Term(DppdpICOqi"id", id)); writer.forceMergeDeletes(); writer.close(); } }
创建搜索服务类
创建一个服务类,用于处理搜索相关的操作,如简单搜索、高亮搜索等:
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.lucene.document.Document; import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader; import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.classic.QueryParser; import org.apache.lucene.search.*; import org.apache.lucene.search.highlight.*; import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; @Service public class LuceneSearchService { @Autowired private Directory directory; @Autowired private Analyzer analyzer; // 简单搜索 public List<Document> search(String queryStr) throws Exception { DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory); IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("content", analyzer); Query query = parser.parse(queryStr); TopDocs results = searcher.search(query, 10); List<Document> docs = new ArrayList<>(); for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : results.scoreDocs) { docs.add(searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc)); } reader.close(); return docs; } // 高亮搜索 public List<Map<String, String>> searchWithHighlight(String queryStr) throws Exception { DirectoryReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(directory); IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(reader); QueryParser parser = new QueryParser("content", analyzer); Query query = parser.parse(queryStr); TopDocs results = searcher.search(query, 10); List<Map<String, String>> docs = new ArrayList<>(); SimplehtmlFormatter htmlFormatter = new SimpleHTMLFormatter("<span style='color:red'>", "</span>"); Highlighter highlighter = new Highlighter(htmlFormatter, new QueryScorer(query)); for (ScoreDoc scoreDoc : results.scoreDocs) { Document doc = searcher.doc(scoreDoc.doc); String content = doc.get("content"); TokenStream tokenStream = analyzer.tokenStream("content", new StringReader(content)); String highlightedText = highlighter.getBestFragment(tokenStream, content); Map<String, String> docMap = new HashMap<>(); docMap.put("id", doc.get("id")); docMap.put("title", doc.get("title")); docMap.put("author", doc.get("author")); docMap.www.chinasem.cnput("content", highlightedText != null ? highlightedText : content); docs.add(docMap); } reader.close(); return docs; } }
创建控制器类
创建一个控制器类,用于处理 HTTP 请求,并调用相应的服务类方法:
impoandroidrt org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; @RestController @RequestMapping("/search") public class SearchController { @Autowired private LuceneIndexService luceneIndexService; @Autowired private LuceneSearchService luceneSearchService; // 创建索引 @PostMapping("/index") public String createIndex(@RequestBody List<Book> bookList) { try { luceneIndexService.createIndex(bookList); return "索引创建成功"; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "索引创建失败"; } } // 搜索结果 @GetMapping public List<Document> search(@RequestParam String query) { try { return luceneSearchService.search(query); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return new ArrayList<>(); } } // 高亮搜索 @GetMapping("/highlight") public List<Map<String, String>> searchWithHighlight(@RequestParam String query) { try { return luceneSearchService.searchWithHighlight(query); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); return new ArrayList<>(); } } }
使用示例
此外,还可以根据实际需求对上述代码进行扩展和优化,例如添加更复杂的查询条件、实现分页功能、优化索引的性能等。
创建索引 :启动 Spring Boot 应用后,发送一个 POST 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/index,请求体中包含要索引的图书列表,如:
[ { "id": "1", "title": " Lucene in Action ", "author": "Robert Muir", "content": "Lucene is a search library from Apache" }, { "id": "2", "title": " Java编程思想 ", "author": "Bruce Eckel", "content": "Java is a programming language" } ]
简单搜索 :发送一个 GET 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/?query=Java,即可搜索出与“Java”相关的文档。
高亮搜索 :发送一个 GET 请求到http://localhost:8080/search/highlight/?query=Java,即可搜索出与“Java”相关的文档,并且搜索结果中的“Java”会以高亮显示。
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