Android BroadCast 广播的两种注册方式和粘性广播实现

本文主要是介绍Android BroadCast 广播的两种注册方式和粘性广播实现，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1、什么叫广播？

在Android中，Broadcast是一种广泛运用的在应用程序之间传输信息的机制。

2、广播有什么用？

在应用程序之间传输信息。

3、广播实现两种方式：

第一种：动态注册。

①动态注册好处是什么？

能够有灵活的机制完成BroadcastReceiver的绑定和解除绑定操作。

②怎么实现才是动态注册？看代码。

package com.lxm.broadcastdemo;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements OnClickListener{private Button mRBroadCastBtn;private Button mCBroadCastBtn;private Button mSBroadCastBtn;private final String ACTION_NAME = "发送广播";private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();if(action.equals(ACTION_NAME)){Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "广播相同",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}else{Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "广播不相同",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();}}};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mRBroadCastBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_registered_broadcasting);mCBroadCastBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_cancel_broadcasting);mSBroadCastBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_send_broadcasting);mRBroadCastBtn.setOnClickListener(this);mCBroadCastBtn.setOnClickListener(this);mSBroadCastBtn.setOnClickListener(this);}@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {switch (v.getId()) {case R.id.id_registered_broadcasting:registerBoradcastReceiver();break;case R.id.id_cancel_broadcasting:unRegisterBoradcastReceiver();break;case R.id.id_send_broadcasting:Intent intent = new Intent(ACTION_NAME);intent.putExtra("yaner", "发送广播，相当于在这里传送数据");sendBroadcast(intent);break;default:break;}}private void unRegisterBoradcastReceiver() {<span style="color:#ff0000;">unregisterReceiver(receiver);</span>}private void registerBoradcastReceiver() {IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();filter.addAction(ACTION_NAME);<span style="color:#ff0000;">registerReceiver(receiver, filter);</span>}}

第二种：静态注册：

①静态注册有什么好处？

即使你的应用程序没有启动，或者已经被关闭，这个BroadcastReceiver依然会继续运行.

②静态注册有什么缺点：

你的应用程序没有启动，或者已经被关闭，这个BroadcastReceiver依然会继续运行，这样的运行机制可能会给软件的用户造成困扰。

③怎么样才算是静态注册呢？看代码：

 1、在AndroidManifest.xml文件中注册（红色部分）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.lxm.manifestregisteredbroadcastdemo"android:versionCode="1"android:versionName="1.0" ><uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion="8"android:targetSdkVersion="21" /><applicationandroid:allowBackup="true"android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"android:label="@string/app_name"android:theme="@style/AppTheme" ><activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"android:label="@string/app_name" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /><category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /></intent-filter></activity><span style="color:#ff0000;"> <receiver android:name="com.lxm.manifestregisteredbroadcastdemo.MyReceiver"><intent-filter ><action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/></intent-filter><intent-filter ><action android:name="com.jinhoward.broadcast.ACTION"/></intent-filter></receiver></span></application></manifest>

2、发送广播：

package com.lxm.manifestregisteredbroadcastdemo;import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {protected static final String MYACTION = "com.jinhoward.broadcast.ACTION";private Button mSendBroadCast;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mSendBroadCast = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_send_broad_cast);mSendBroadCast.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View arg0) {Intent intent = new Intent().setAction(MYACTION);<span style="color:#ff0000;">sendBroadcast(intent);</span>}});}
}

3、接收广播：

package<span style="color:#ff0000;"> com.lxm.manifestregisteredbroadcastdemo</span>;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;public class MyReceiver extends <span style="color:#ff0000;">BroadcastReceiver</span>{@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {Log.e("action:", intent.getAction());}}

效果：

控制台打印：com.jinhoward.broadcast.ACTION

4.粘性广播：

①粘性广播有什么用？

粘性广播主要为了解决，在发送完广播之后，动态注册的接收者，也能够收到广播.

②怎么样才算是粘性广播的实现呢？看代码：

1、简单的几个按钮布局：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context="com.lxm.sendstickybroaddemo.MainActivity" android:orientation="vertical"><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/id_send_broadcast"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="首先点击发送广播" /><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/id_receiver_broadcast"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="nextActivity接收广播"/>
</LinearLayout>

2、MainActivity：

package com.lxm.sendstickybroaddemo;import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {private Button mSendBroadCastBtn;private Button mReceiverBroadCastBtn;private Context mContext;private int mStickyBrcCount; @Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);mContext = getApplicationContext();mSendBroadCastBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_send_broadcast);mReceiverBroadCastBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_receiver_broadcast);mSendBroadCastBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {mStickyBrcCount++;  Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.action.sticky.broadcast");  intent.putExtra("sent_count", mStickyBrcCount);mContext.sendStickyBroadcast(intent);}});mReceiverBroadCastBtn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyReceiverBroadCast.class);startActivity(intent);}});}@Overrideprotected void onResume() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onResume();mStickyBrcCount = 0;}
}

3、MyReceiverBroadCast：

package com.lxm.sendstickybroaddemo;import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;public class MyReceiverBroadCast extends Activity{private IntentFilter mIntentFilter;private BroadcastReceiver receiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();int count = intent.getIntExtra("sent_count", -1);Log.e("action:", action+";count:"+count);}};@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.broadcast_receiver);mIntentFilter = new IntentFilter();mIntentFilter.addAction("com.android.action.sticky.broadcast");}@Overrideprotected void onResume() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onResume();registerReceiver(receiver, mIntentFilter);}@Overrideprotected void onPause() {// TODO Auto-generated method stubsuper.onPause();unregisterReceiver(receiver);}
}

4、AndroidManifest.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.lxm.sendstickybroaddemo"android:versionCode="1"android:versionName="1.0" ><uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion="8"android:targetSdkVersion="21" /><span style="color:#ff0000;"><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY"/></span><applicationandroid:allowBackup="true"android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"android:label="@string/app_name"android:theme="@style/AppTheme" ><activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"android:label="@string/app_name" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /><category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /></intent-filter></activity><span style="color:#ff0000;"><activity android:name=".MyReceiverBroadCast"/></span></application>
</manifest>

首先先点“首先点击发送广播”这个按钮，然后再点击“nextActivity接收广播”按钮，控制台将打印：com.android.action.sticky.broadcast 字符串和sent_count的值。如果是普通的广播，按照上面的操作的话，控制台将接受不到任何信息，因为普通广播不能保留发送的广播。这就是粘性广播与普通广播的不同。

参考文件：

1、http://892848153.iteye.com/blog/1820576

2、http://www.tuicool.com/articles/UnqUvy

3、http://blog.csdn.net/woaieillen/article/details/7376391

4、http://www.cnblogs.com/playing/archive/2011/03/23/1992030.html

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