本文主要是介绍python爬取拉勾网数据保存到mysql数据库，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
环境:python3
相关包:requests , json , pymysql
思路:1.通过chrome F12找到拉钩请求接口,分析request的各项参数
2.模拟浏览器请求拉钩接口
3.默认返回的json不是标准格式 , 对返回的json数据进行处理转换为标准格式
4.利用pymysql模块进行db操作
#coding:utf-8
import random
import urllib
import jsonimport pymysql
import requestsUSER_AGENTS = ["Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1","Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1","Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3","Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; rv:2.0.1) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/4.0.1"
]#随机模拟一个浏览器的UA
def get_random_userAgent():userAgent = random.choice(USER_AGENTS)return userAgent#得到请求拉钩接口返回的json数据
def get_job_all_json(pn=1,kd='python',city='上海'):headers = {'User-Agent': get_random_userAgent(),'Referer': 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_python?labelWords=&fromSearch=true&suginput=','Cookie': 'JSESSIONID=ABAAABAAADEAAFID589F81DDA4B135EA73D59382D94193B; _gat=1; user_trace_token=20170918201032-5e70e65e-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; PRE_UTM=; PRE_HOST=; PRE_SITE=; PRE_LAND=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lagou.com%2F; LGUID=20170918201032-5e70e916-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; index_location_city=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC; TG-TRACK-CODE=index_search; _gid=GA1.2.1042499452.1505736518; Hm_lvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1505736518; Hm_lpvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1505736559; _ga=GA1.2.2038003268.1505736518; LGSID=20170918201032-5e70e7a7-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; LGRID=20170918201112-76a14753-9c6a-11e7-9196-5254005c3644; SEARCH_ID=23d97ca16048467a93241983f07b9f32'}data = {'first': 'true','pn': pn, #page number'kd': kd}city = urllib.parse.quote(city)res = requests.post('https://www.lagou.com/jobs/positionAjax.json?''city={0}&''needAddtionalResult=false&''isSchoolJob=0'.format(city,0), data=data, headers=headers)print('status_code:',res.status_code)print('text:',res.text)return res.text#得到数据库连接
def get_db_conn():conn = pymysql.connect(host='localhost', user='root', passwd='admin', db='lagou', port=3306, charset='utf8')return conn#存入数据库
def insert_into_db(conn,jobs):cur = conn.cursor()#cur.execute('truncate spider') #清空现有数据for job in jobs:positionName = job['positionName']salary = job['salary']education = job['education']companyFullName = job['companyFullName']workYear = job['workYear']companyLabelList = str(job['companyLabelList']).replace('\'','')companySize = job['companySize']#print(positionName, salary, education, companyFullName, workYear, companyLabelList, companySize)sql = 'insert into spider(positionName , salary , education , companyFullName , workYear , companyLabelList , companySize) ' \'values(\''+positionName+'\',\''+salary+'\',\''+education+'\',\''+companyFullName+'\',\''+workYear+'\',\''+companyLabelList+'\',\''+companySize+'\')'print('sql:',sql)cur.execute(sql)conn.commit()cur.close()conn.close()#对返回的不标准json进行处理
def get_job_result_json(jsonString):job_result = jsonString['content']['positionResult']['result'] # Listj1 = str(job_result).replace("'", "\"")j2 = j1.replace("None", "\"None\"")return j2if __name__ =='__main__':job = 'hadoop'city = '北京'for i in range(1,11):pn = ijsonString = json.loads(get_job_all_json(pn,job,city))job_json = get_job_result_json(jsonString)jobs = json.loads(job_json)conn = get_db_conn()insert_into_db(conn,jobs)print("done ...")数据库中的数据如图:
数据库表结构:
/*
Navicat MySQL Data TransferSource Server : mysql
Source Server Version : 50022
Source Host : localhost:3306
Source Database : lagouTarget Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50022
File Encoding : 65001Date: 2017-10-05 10:34:57
*/SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for spider
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `spider`;
CREATE TABLE `spider` (`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,`positionName` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`salary` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`education` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`companyFullName` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`workYear` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`companyLabelList` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,`companySize` varchar(255) collate utf8_bin default NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin;
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