本文主要是介绍influxdb数据写入操作（python、C++实现），希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
基础概念
Point
Point由时间戳（time）、数据（field）、标签（tags）组成。
Point相当于传统数据库里的一行数据
Point属性 传统数据库中的概念
time 每个数据记录时间，是数据库中的主索引(会自动生成)
fields 各种记录值（没有索引的属性）也就是记录的值：温度， 湿度
tags 各种有索引的属性：地区，海拔
python实现
普通写入操作
'<username>':用户名
'<pwd>'：密码
'<dbname>'：数据库名
"<table_name>": 数据表名
from influxdb import InfluxDBClientclient = InfluxDBClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=8086, username='<username>', password='<pwd>', database='<dbname>')
points=[]
base_data = {'data1': 1, 'data2': 1}
points.append({"measurement": "<table_name>", "fields": base_data})
client.write_points(points)定时写入
import math
from influxdb import InfluxDBClient
from datetime import datetime
import timeclient = InfluxDBClient(host='10.13.0.134', port=8086, username='root', password='root', database='cip')def write_influxdb(sleep_time=100, table_name="test"):sleep_time = sleep_time * 1.0 / 1000print(f"睡眠{sleep_time}秒")index = 0base_data = {'Unnamed: 2': -51.581135, 'Unnamed: 3': -133.20916699999998}while True:points = []time.sleep(sleep_time)index += 1base_data["index"] = indexpoints.append({"measurement": table_name, "fields": base_data, "time": datetime.utcnow().isoformat()})client.write_points(points)if __name__ == '__main__':write_influxdb(sleep_time=40)
c++实现
1 使用库
git clone https://github.com/awegrzyn/influxdb-cxx
使用：
#include <InfluxDBFactory.h>std::unique_ptr<InfluxDB> InfluxDBFactory::Get(std::string url)
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/lclfans1983/article/details/109156307
2 自己写
<influxdb.hpp>
#ifndef INFLUXDB_CPP_HPP
#define INFLUXDB_CPP_HPP#include <sstream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>#ifdef _WIN32#define NOMINMAX#include <windows.h>#include <algorithm>#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32")typedef struct iovec { void* iov_base; size_t iov_len; } iovec;inline __int64 writev(int sock, struct iovec* iov, int cnt) {__int64 r = send(sock, (const char*)iov->iov_base, iov->iov_len, 0);return (r < 0 || cnt == 1) ? r : r + writev(sock, iov + 1, cnt - 1);}
#else#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <sys/uio.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#define closesocket close
#endifnamespace influxdb_cpp {struct server_info {std::string host_;int port_;std::string db_;std::string usr_;std::string pwd_;std::string precision_;server_info(const std::string& host, int port, const std::string& db = "", const std::string& usr = "", const std::string& pwd = "", const std::string& precision="ms"): host_(host), port_(port), db_(db), usr_(usr), pwd_(pwd), precision_(precision) {}};namespace detail {struct meas_caller;struct tag_caller;struct field_caller;struct ts_caller;struct inner {static int http_request(const char*, const char*, const std::string&, const std::string&, const server_info&, std::string*);static inline unsigned char to_hex(unsigned char x) { return x > 9 ? x + 55 : x + 48; }static void url_encode(std::string& out, const std::string& src);};}inline int query(std::string& resp, const std::string& query, const server_info& si) {std::string qs("&q=");detail::inner::url_encode(qs, query);return detail::inner::http_request("GET", "query", qs, "", si, &resp);}inline int create_db(std::string& resp, const std::string& db_name, const server_info& si) {std::string qs("&q=create+database+");detail::inner::url_encode(qs, db_name);return detail::inner::http_request("POST", "query", qs, "", si, &resp);}struct builder {detail::tag_caller& meas(const std::string& m) {lines_.imbue(std::locale("C"));lines_.clear();return _m(m);}protected:detail::tag_caller& _m(const std::string& m) {_escape(m, ", ");return (detail::tag_caller&)*this;}detail::tag_caller& _t(const std::string& k, const std::string& v) {lines_ << ',';_escape(k, ",= ");lines_ << '=';_escape(v, ",= ");return (detail::tag_caller&)*this;}detail::field_caller& _f_s(char delim, const std::string& k, const std::string& v) {lines_ << delim;_escape(k, ",= ");lines_ << "=\"";_escape(v, "\"");lines_ << '\"';return (detail::field_caller&)*this;}detail::field_caller& _f_i(char delim, const std::string& k, long long v) {lines_ << delim;_escape(k, ",= ");lines_ << '=';lines_ << v << 'i';return (detail::field_caller&)*this;}detail::field_caller& _f_f(char delim, const std::string& k, double v, int prec) {lines_ << delim;_escape(k, ",= ");lines_.precision(prec);lines_.setf(std::ios::fixed);lines_ << '=' << v;return (detail::field_caller&)*this;}detail::field_caller& _f_b(char delim, const std::string& k, bool v) {lines_ << delim;_escape(k, ",= ");lines_ << '=' << (v ? 't' : 'f');return (detail::field_caller&)*this;}detail::ts_caller& _ts(long long ts) {lines_ << ' ' << ts;return (detail::ts_caller&)*this;}int _post_http(const server_info& si, std::string* resp) {return detail::inner::http_request("POST", "write", "", lines_.str(), si, resp);}int _send_udp(const std::string& host, int port) {int sock, ret = 0;struct sockaddr_in addr;addr.sin_family = AF_INET;addr.sin_port = htons(port);if((addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(host.c_str())) == INADDR_NONE) return -1;if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) return -2;lines_ << '\n';if(sendto(sock, &lines_.str()[0], lines_.str().length(), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr)) < (int)lines_.str().length())ret = -3;closesocket(sock);return ret;}void _escape(const std::string& src, const char* escape_seq) {size_t pos = 0, start = 0;while((pos = src.find_first_of(escape_seq, start)) != std::string::npos) {lines_.write(src.c_str() + start, pos - start);lines_ << '\\' << src[pos];start = ++pos;}lines_.write(src.c_str() + start, src.length() - start);}std::stringstream lines_;};namespace detail {struct tag_caller : public builder {detail::tag_caller& tag(const std::string& k, const std::string& v) { return _t(k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, const std::string& v) { return _f_s(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, bool v) { return _f_b(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, short v) { return _f_i(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, int v) { return _f_i(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, long v) { return _f_i(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, long long v) { return _f_i(' ', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, double v, int prec = 2) { return _f_f(' ', k, v, prec); }private:detail::tag_caller& meas(const std::string& m);};struct ts_caller : public builder {detail::tag_caller& meas(const std::string& m) { lines_ << '\n'; return _m(m); }int post_http(const server_info& si, std::string* resp = NULL) { return _post_http(si, resp); }int send_udp(const std::string& host, int port) { return _send_udp(host, port); }};struct field_caller : public ts_caller {detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, const std::string& v) { return _f_s(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, bool v) { return _f_b(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, short v) { return _f_i(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, int v) { return _f_i(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, long v) { return _f_i(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, long long v) { return _f_i(',', k, v); }detail::field_caller& field(const std::string& k, double v, int prec = 2) { return _f_f(',', k, v, prec); }detail::ts_caller& timestamp(unsigned long long ts) { return _ts(ts); }};inline void inner::url_encode(std::string& out, const std::string& src) {size_t pos = 0, start = 0;while((pos = src.find_first_not_of("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyqABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789-_.~", start)) != std::string::npos) {out.append(src.c_str() + start, pos - start);if(src[pos] == ' ')out += "+";else {out += '%';out += to_hex((unsigned char)src[pos] >> 4);out += to_hex((unsigned char)src[pos] & 0xF);}start = ++pos;}out.append(src.c_str() + start, src.length() - start);}inline int inner::http_request(const char* method, const char* uri,const std::string& querystring, const std::string& body, const server_info& si, std::string* resp) {std::string header;struct iovec iv[2];struct sockaddr_in addr;int sock, ret_code = 0, content_length = 0, len = 0;char ch;unsigned char chunked = 0;addr.sin_family = AF_INET;addr.sin_port = htons(si.port_);if((addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(si.host_.c_str())) == INADDR_NONE) return -1;if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) return -2;if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr*)(&addr), sizeof(addr)) < 0) {closesocket(sock);return -3;}header.resize(len = 0x100);for(;;) {iv[0].iov_len = snprintf(&header[0], len,"%s /%s?db=%s&u=%s&p=%s&epoch=%s%s HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: %s\r\nContent-Length: %d\r\n\r\n",method, uri, si.db_.c_str(), si.usr_.c_str(), si.pwd_.c_str(), si.precision_.c_str(),querystring.c_str(), si.host_.c_str(), (int)body.length());if((int)iv[0].iov_len >= len)header.resize(len *= 2);elsebreak;}iv[0].iov_base = &header[0];iv[1].iov_base = (void*)&body[0];iv[1].iov_len = body.length();if(writev(sock, iv, 2) < (int)(iv[0].iov_len + iv[1].iov_len)) {ret_code = -6;goto END;}iv[0].iov_len = len;#define _NO_MORE() (len >= (int)iv[0].iov_len && \(iv[0].iov_len = recv(sock, &header[0], header.length(), len = 0)) == size_t(-1))
#define _GET_NEXT_CHAR() (ch = _NO_MORE() ? 0 : header[len++])
#define _LOOP_NEXT(statement) for(;;) { if(!(_GET_NEXT_CHAR())) { ret_code = -7; goto END; } statement }
#define _UNTIL(c) _LOOP_NEXT( if(ch == c) break; )
#define _GET_NUMBER(n) _LOOP_NEXT( if(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') n = n * 10 + (ch - '0'); else break; )
#define _GET_CHUNKED_LEN(n, c) _LOOP_NEXT( if(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') n = n * 16 + (ch - '0'); \else if(ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') n = n * 16 + (ch - 'A') + 10; \else if(ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') n = n * 16 + (ch - 'a') + 10; else {if(ch != c) { ret_code = -8; goto END; } break;} )
#define _(c) if((_GET_NEXT_CHAR()) != c) break;
#define __(c) if((_GET_NEXT_CHAR()) != c) { ret_code = -9; goto END; }if(resp) resp->clear();_UNTIL(' ')_GET_NUMBER(ret_code)for(;;) {_UNTIL('\n')switch(_GET_NEXT_CHAR()) {case 'C':_('o')_('n')_('t')_('e')_('n')_('t')_('-')_('L')_('e')_('n')_('g')_('t')_('h')_(':')_(' ')_GET_NUMBER(content_length)break;case 'T':_('r')_('a')_('n')_('s')_('f')_('e')_('r')_('-')_('E')_('n')_('c')_('o')_('d')_('i')_('n')_('g')_(':')_(' ')_('c')_('h')_('u')_('n')_('k')_('e')_('d')chunked = 1;break;case '\r':__('\n')switch(chunked) {do {__('\r')__('\n')case 1:_GET_CHUNKED_LEN(content_length, '\r')__('\n')if(!content_length) {__('\r')__('\n')goto END;}case 0:while(content_length > 0 && !_NO_MORE()) {content_length -= (iv[1].iov_len = std::min(content_length, (int)iv[0].iov_len - len));if(resp) resp->append(&header[len], iv[1].iov_len);len += iv[1].iov_len;}} while(chunked);}goto END;}if(!ch) {ret_code = -10;goto END;}}ret_code = -11;END:closesocket(sock);return ret_code / 100 == 2 ? 0 : ret_code;
#undef _NO_MORE
#undef _GET_NEXT_CHAR
#undef _LOOP_NEXT
#undef _UNTIL
#undef _GET_NUMBER
#undef _GET_CHUNKED_LEN
#undef _
#undef __}}
}#endif // INFLUXDB_CPP_HPP
使用案例：
#include "influxdb.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;int savetcp(int argc, char const *argv[])
{influxdb_cpp::server_info si("127.0.0.1", 8086, "testx", "test", "test");// post_http demo with resp[optional]string resp;int ret = influxdb_cpp::builder().meas("test").tag("k", "v").tag("x", "y").field("x", 10).field("y", 10.3, 2).field("b", !!10).timestamp(1512722735522840439).post_http(si, &resp);cout << ret << endl << resp << endl;}这篇关于influxdb数据写入操作（python、C++实现）的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！
