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http://blog.csdn.net/lovehuangjiaju/article/details/47811709
2 超级用户root密码的设置
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//采用sudo passwd命令修改root密码</span> xtwy<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ sudo passwd [sudo] password <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> xtwy: Enter <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UNIX password: Retype <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
3 切换用户
<code class="hljs coffeescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-regexp" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//</span>采用su(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> user)命令切换用户 xtwy<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ su root <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">Password</span>: root<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:/home/xtwy<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># </span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//切换回xtwy</span> root<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:/home/xtwy# su xtwy xtwy<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
4 当前用户工作目录与根目录
<code class="hljs mel has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//~表示用户当前工作目录</span> xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//可以用pwd（Print Working Directory）命令查看完整路径</span> xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">pwd</span> /home/xtwy <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//用cd(change directory)命令改变工作目录，例如切换到根目录</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在linux中，/表示根目录</span> xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ cd / xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:/$ <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//切换回当前用户的工作目录，可以用cd ~命令(~表示当前用户默认的工作目录）</span> xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:/$ cd ~ xtwy<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@ubuntu</span>:~$ </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li></ul>
5 列出文件目录 ls命令的使用
<code class="hljs lasso has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//不加任何参数的ls命令，简易列出目录中的所有文件和目录</span> xtwy@ubuntu:~$ ls Desktop Downloads Music <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Public</span> Videos Documents examples<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>desktop Pictures Templates <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//ls -a 列出目录下的所有文件包括隐含文件</span> xtwy@ubuntu:~$ ls <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-a</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> Downloads <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gvfs <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>pulse<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-cookie</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">..</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>esd_auth <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>ICEauthority <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>recently<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-used</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xbel <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>bash_logout examples<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>desktop <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">local</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>ssh <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>bashrc <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gconf Music <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>sudo_as_admin_successful <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">cache</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gconfd <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>nautilus Templates <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>config <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnome2 Pictures <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>update<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-notifier</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>dbus <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnome2_private <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>profile Videos Desktop <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnupg <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Public</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xsession<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-errors</span> Documents <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gtk<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-bookmarks</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>pulse <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xsession<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-errors</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>old<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//列出目录下所有文件和目录的详细信息</span> xtwy@ubuntu:~$ ls <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-al</span> total <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">136</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">24</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">58</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> root root <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">..</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">220</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>bash_logout <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3103</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>bashrc drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">48</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">cache</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">35</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>config drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>dbus drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Desktop drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Documents drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Downloads <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>esd_auth <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">179</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> examples<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>desktop drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">34</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gconf drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">00</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">12</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gconfd drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">6</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnome2 drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnome2_private drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gnupg <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">132</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">34</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gtk<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-bookmarks</span> dr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">34</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>gvfs <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">636</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">34</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>ICEauthority drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">34</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">local</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Music drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>nautilus drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Pictures <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">675</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>profile drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Public</span> drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>pulse <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">256</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>pulse<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-cookie</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">218</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>recently<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-used</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xbel drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">50</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>ssh <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">58</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>sudo_as_admin_successful drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Templates drwx<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">35</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>update<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-notifier</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Videos <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1681</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">52</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xsession<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-errors</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-------</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2829</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">32</span> <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>xsession<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-errors</span><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>old <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//ls -l列出文件和目录的详细用户，不包括隐含文件和当前目录.、上级目录..</span> xtwy@ubuntu:~$ ls <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-l</span> total <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">36</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Desktop drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Documents drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Downloads <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-rw</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-r</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span>r<span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">179</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">21</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">53</span> examples<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.</span>desktop drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Music drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Pictures drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">Public</span> drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Templates drwxr<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-xr</span><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">-x</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> xtwy xtwy <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4096</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2015</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">08</span><span class="hljs-subst" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span> <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">23</span>:<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">31</span> Videos </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">63</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">64</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">65</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">66</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">67</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">68</li></ul>
上面四种是最为常用的ls命令，可以满足日常工作中的绝大部分需求，更多参数如下：
<code class="hljs haml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">a 列出目录下的所有文件，包括以 . 开头的隐含文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">b 把文件名中不可输出的字符用反斜杠加字符编号(就象在<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">C</span>语言里一样)的形式列出。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">c 输出文件的 i 节点的修改时间，并以此排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">d 将目录象文件一样显示，而不是显示其下的文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">e 输出时间的全部信息，而不是输出简略信息。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">f -<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">U</span> 对输出的文件不排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">g 无用。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">i 输出文件的 i 节点的索引信息。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">k 以 k 字节的形式表示文件的大小。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">l 列出文件的详细信息。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">m 横向输出文件名，并以“，”作分格符。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">n 用数字的 <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">UID</span>,<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">GID</span> 代替名称。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">o 显示文件的除组信息外的详细信息。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">p -<span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">F</span> 在每个文件名后附上一个字符以说明该文件的类型，“*”表示可执行的普通 </span>文件；“/”表示目录；“@”表示符号链接；“|”表示FIFOs；“=”表示套 接字(sockets)。 -<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">q 用?代替不可输出的字符。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">r 对目录反向排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">s 在每个文件名后输出该文件的大小。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">t 以时间排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">u 以文件上次被访问的时间排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;">x 按列输出，横向排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">A</span> 显示除 “.”和“..”外的所有文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">B</span> 不输出以 “~”结尾的备份文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">C</span> 按列输出，纵向排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">G</span> 输出文件的组的信息。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">L</span> 列出链接文件名而不是链接到的文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">N</span> 不限制文件长度。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Q</span> 把输出的文件名用双引号括起来。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">R</span> 列出所有子目录下的文件。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">S</span> 以文件大小排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">X</span> 以文件的扩展名(最后一个 . 后的字符)排序。 </span>-<span class="ruby" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> 一行只输出一个文件。</span></code>
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