Js解析Json数据获取元素JsonPath与深度

2024-06-02 19:38
文章标签 数据 元素 深度 json js 解析 获取 jsonpath

本文主要是介绍Js解析Json数据获取元素JsonPath与深度，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

原文出处：http://www.yund.tech/zdetail.html?type=1&id=c2b21696839eccdef2e9b085b9e064f6

作者: jstarseven

JsonPath 是一种信息抽取类库，是从JSON文档中抽取指定信息的工具，提供多种语言实现版本，包括：Javascript, Python， PHP 和 Java，JsonPath 对于 JSON 来说，相当于 XPATH 对于 XML。

  • JsonPath与Xpath用法对比
  • Java使用Jsonpath解析json数据
  • Js获取Json每个节点的JsonPath
  • 将输出结果转换成树形结构

1.JsonPath与Xpath用法对比

XPathJSONPath描述
/$根节点
.@现行节点
/.or[]取子节点
…n/a取父节点，Jsonpath未支持
//…就是不管位置，选择所有符合条件的条件
**匹配所有元素节点
@n/a根据属性访问，Json不支持，因为Json是个Key-value递归结构，不需要。
[][]迭代器标示（可以在里边做简单的迭代操作，如数组下标，根据内容选值等）
|[,]支持迭代器中做多选。
[]?()支持过滤操作.
n/a()支持表达式计算
()n/a分组，JsonPath不支持

2.Java使用Jsonpath解析json数据

1）引入fastjson依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.2.6</version>
</dependency>

2）java简单的解析案例

public class JsonPath {public static void main(String[] args) {String jsonStr = "{\n" +"  \"store\": {\n" +"    \"book\": [\n" +"      {\n" +"        \"category\": \"reference\",\n" +"        \"author\": \"Nigel Rees\",\n" +"        \"title\": \"Sayings of the Century\",\n" +"        \"price\": 8.95\n" +"      },\n" +"      {\n" +"        \"category\": \"fiction\",\n" +"        \"author\": \"Evelyn Waugh\",\n" +"        \"title\": \"Sword of Honour\",\n" +"        \"price\": 12.99,\n" +"        \"isbn\": \"0-553-21311-3\"\n" +"      }\n" +"      {\n" +"        \"category\": \"fiction\",\n" +"        \"author\": \"Evelyn Waugh\",\n" +"        \"title\": \"Sword of Honour two\",\n" +"        \"price\": 12.99,\n" +"        \"isbn\": \"0-553-21311-3\"\n" +"      }\n" +"    ],\n" +"    \"bicycle\": {\n" +"      \"color\": \"red\",\n" +"      \"price\": 19.95\n" +"    }\n" +"  }\n" +"}";JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(jsonStr);System.out.println("Book：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book"));System.out.println("Book数目：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book.size()"));System.out.println("第一本书title：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book[0].title"));System.out.println("price大于10元的book：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book[price > 10]"));System.out.println("price大于10元的title：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book[price > 10][0].title"));System.out.println("price大于10元的title：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book[price > 10][1].title"));System.out.println("category(类别)为fiction(小说)的book：" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.book[category = 'fiction']"));System.out.println("bicycle的所有属性值" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.bicycle.*"));System.out.println("bicycle的color和price属性值" + JSONPath.eval(jsonObject, "$.store.bicycle['color','price']"));}

3.Js获取Json每个节点的JsonPath

1）准备json测试数据

var root = {name: '测试节点',doms: {name: "dom测试",children: [{name: '茶馆',val: 'demo',child: [{"name": "李四", "cal": "ceshi"}, {"name": "王五", "cal": "ceshi"}]},{name: '红与黑',val: 'demo',child: [{"name": "张三", "cal": "ceshi"}, {"name": "张三", "cal": "ceshi"}]}]},children: [{name: '学习',children: []},{name: '电影',children: [{name: '喜剧电影'},{name: '动作电影'}]}]}

2）遍历Json对象获取每个节点的深度与JsonPath

     function traverseTree(node, flat) {var stack = [], res = [];if (!node) return;stack.push({"dom": node, "dep": 0, "path": "$", "name": "根节点"});var tmpNode;while (stack.length > 0) {tmpNode = stack.pop();res.push({"name": tmpNode.name,"pid": tmpNode.pid,"path": tmpNode.path,"dep": tmpNode.dep});traverseNode2(tmpNode, tmpNode.dep);}// 遍历单个节点function traverseNode2(node, dep) {var doc = node.dom;if (Object.prototype.toString.call(doc) === '[object Object]') {for (var val in doc) {var cpath = (node.path + "." + val);stack.push({"dom": doc[val],"dep": (dep + 1),"path": cpath,"pid": node.path,"name": val});}}if (Object.prototype.toString.call(doc) === '[object Array]') {for (let i = 0; i < doc.length; i++) {stack.push({"dom": doc[i],"dep": (dep + 1),"path": (node.path + "[" + i + "]"),"pid": node.path,"name": node.name + "[" + i + "]"});}}}// 树形结构转换function flat2tree(jsonData) {var result = [], temp = {}, i = 0, j = 0, len = jsonData.length;for (; i < len; i++)temp[jsonData[i]['path']] = jsonData[i]for (; j < len; j++) {var cel = jsonData[j]var tcel = temp[cel['pid']]if (tcel) {if (!tcel['children']) {tcel['children'] = [];}tcel['children'].push(cel)} else {result.push(cel);}}return result;}return flat ? flat2tree(res) : res;}

3）测试输出

console.log("res-tree:\n" + JSON.stringify(traverseTree(root, false)));
res-tree:
[{"name":"根节点","path":"$","dep":0},{"name":"children","pid":"$","path":"$.children","dep":1},{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.children","path":"$.children[1]","dep":2},{"name":"children","pid":"$.children[1]","path":"$.children[1].children","dep":3},{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.children[1].children","path":"$.children[1].children[1]","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1].children[1]","path":"$.children[1].children[1].name","dep":5},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.children[1].children","path":"$.children[1].children[0]","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1].children[0]","path":"$.children[1].children[0].name","dep":5},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1]","path":"$.children[1].name","dep":3},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.children","path":"$.children[0]","dep":2},{"name":"children","pid":"$.children[0]","path":"$.children[0].children","dep":3},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[0]","path":"$.children[0].name","dep":3},{"name":"doms","pid":"$","path":"$.doms","dep":1},{"name":"children","pid":"$.doms","path":"$.doms.children","dep":2},{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.doms.children","path":"$.doms.children[1]","dep":3},{"name":"child","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child","dep":4},{"name":"child[1]","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","dep":5},{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1].name","dep":6},{"name":"child[0]","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","dep":5},{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0].name","dep":6},{"name":"val","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].val","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].name","dep":4},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.doms.children","path":"$.doms.children[0]","dep":3},{"name":"child","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child","dep":4},{"name":"child[1]","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","dep":5},{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1].name","dep":6},{"name":"child[0]","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","dep":5},{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0].name","dep":6},{"name":"val","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].val","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].name","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms","path":"$.doms.name","dep":2},{"name":"name","pid":"$","path":"$.name","dep":1}
]

4.将输出结果转换成树形结构

console.log("res-tree:\n" + JSON.stringify(traverseTree(root, true)));
res-tree:
[{"name":"根节点","path":"$","dep":0,"children":[{"name":"children","pid":"$","path":"$.children","dep":1,"children":[{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.children","path":"$.children[1]","dep":2,"children":[{"name":"children","pid":"$.children[1]","path":"$.children[1].children","dep":3,"children":[{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.children[1].children","path":"$.children[1].children[1]","dep":4,"children":[{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1].children[1]","path":"$.children[1].children[1].name","dep":5}]},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.children[1].children","path":"$.children[1].children[0]","dep":4,"children":[{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1].children[0]","path":"$.children[1].children[0].name","dep":5}]}]},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[1]","path":"$.children[1].name","dep":3}]},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.children","path":"$.children[0]","dep":2,"children":[{"name":"children","pid":"$.children[0]","path":"$.children[0].children","dep":3},{"name":"name","pid":"$.children[0]","path":"$.children[0].name","dep":3}]}]},{"name":"doms","pid":"$","path":"$.doms","dep":1,"children":[{"name":"children","pid":"$.doms","path":"$.doms.children","dep":2,"children":[{"name":"children[1]","pid":"$.doms.children","path":"$.doms.children[1]","dep":3,"children":[{"name":"child","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child","dep":4,"children":[{"name":"child[1]","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","dep":5,"children":[{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[1].name","dep":6}]},{"name":"child[0]","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","dep":5,"children":[{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[1].child[0].name","dep":6}]}]},{"name":"val","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].val","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[1]","path":"$.doms.children[1].name","dep":4}]},{"name":"children[0]","pid":"$.doms.children","path":"$.doms.children[0]","dep":3,"children":[{"name":"child","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child","dep":4,"children":[{"name":"child[1]","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","dep":5,"children":[{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[1]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[1].name","dep":6}]},{"name":"child[0]","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","dep":5,"children":[{"name":"cal","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0].cal","dep":6},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0].child[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].child[0].name","dep":6}]}]},{"name":"val","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].val","dep":4},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms.children[0]","path":"$.doms.children[0].name","dep":4}]}]},{"name":"name","pid":"$.doms","path":"$.doms.name","dep":2}]},{"name":"name","pid":"$","path":"$.name","dep":1}]}
]

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