Android6.0运行时权限详解

本文主要是介绍Android6.0运行时权限详解，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

1. 运行时获得权限:

Android 5.0之前是注册即可获取权限，Android 5.0之后安装时可以关闭某些权限，Android 6.0开始，一些隐私权限总在第一次运行时提示是否授权。

2. 检查是否获得权限:

ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,permission)方法，返回值有两种：
PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED

int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR);if (permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "hava this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}else {Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "no this permission", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}

3. 请求权限:

ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,permissions,requestCode)
第二个参数是一个String数组；
第三个参数是请求码便于在onRequestPermissionsResult 方法中根据requestCode进行判断。

4. 请求权限后的回调:

请求权限后会回调onRequestPermissionsResult方法，在activity中重写onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode,permissions,grantResults)方法；
grantResults 是 int 类型的数组每个值为
PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED 分别对应permissions的每个请求

    @Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {switch (requestCode) {case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.if (grantResults.length > 0&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {} else {}}}}

5. 告诉用户为何需要权限:

ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity,permission) 这个方法是在用户拒绝权限后返回true. 也就是说:用户第一次点击一个需要权限的地方,该方法返回false(因为用户没拒绝~),当用户拒绝掉该权限,下次点击此权限处,该方法会返回true.可在里面进行对该权限的说明,然后弹出权限让用户选择,并且对话框有don’t ask again选项

    @OnClick(R.id.btn_check)public void onClick() {//判断是否有权限if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(PermissionActivity.this,Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {//当用户拒绝掉权限时.if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(PermissionActivity.this,Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "true", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("该权限保证手机不会爆炸^ ^").setPositiveButton("我需要此权限!", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(PermissionActivity.this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);}}).setNegativeButton("炸吧炸吧~", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "准备爆炸了", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}).show();} else {Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "false", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(PermissionActivity.this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);}}}

6.用户选择do’t ask again 后

ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(activity,permission) 方法一直返回false,并且ActivityCompat.requestPermissions不会弹出对话框,系统直接deny,并回调onRequestPermissionsResult方法

    @Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {switch (requestCode) {case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.if (grantResults.length > 0&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {} else {showDialog();// Toast.makeText(PermissionActivity.this, "request false", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}}}}private void showDialog() {AlertDialog dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this).setTitle("还可以手动开启哦~").setMessage("可以前往设置->app->myapp->permission打开").setPositiveButton("确定!", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {}}).show();}