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今天使用hibernate3来反向建表，突然报了一个如下的错误：
log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.hibernate.cfg.Environment).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
Hibernate: insert into user (name, password, gender) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into order (userid, order_name) values (?, ?)
Exception in thread "main" org.hibernate.exception.SQLGrammarException: Could not execute JDBC batch updateat org.hibernate.exception.SQLStateConverter.convert(SQLStateConverter.java:67)at org.hibernate.exception.JDBCExceptionHelper.convert(JDBCExceptionHelper.java:43)at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:253)at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:237)at org.hibernate.engine.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:145)at org.hibernate.event.def.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:298)at org.hibernate.event.def.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:27)at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1000)at org.hibernate.impl.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:338)at org.hibernate.transaction.JDBCTransaction.commit(JDBCTransaction.java:106)at Test.TestHibernate.test(TestHibernate.java:45)at Test.Main.main(Main.java:7)
Caused by: java.sql.BatchUpdateException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'order (userid, order_name) values (9, '123')' at line 1at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatchSerially(PreparedStatement.java:2028)at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatch(PreparedStatement.java:1451)at org.hibernate.jdbc.BatchingBatcher.doExecuteBatch(BatchingBatcher.java:48)at org.hibernate.jdbc.AbstractBatcher.executeBatch(AbstractBatcher.java:246)... 9 more
Caused by: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'order (userid, order_name) values (9, '123')' at line 1at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:386)at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1052)at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3609)at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3541)at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2002)at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2163)at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2624)at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeInternal(PreparedStatement.java:2127)at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeUpdate(PreparedStatement.java:2427)at com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement.executeBatchSerially(PreparedStatement.java:1980)... 12 more数据库映射配置文件，Bean.hbn.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding='GBK'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" > <hibernate-mapping package="com.edu.nju.firstSSH.Bean"> <class name="User" table="user"> <id name="userid" column="userid"> <generator class="native"></generator> </id> <property name="name" column="name" type="java.lang.String" length="16"></property> <property name="password" column="password" type="java.lang.String" length="16" /> <property name="gender" column="gender" type="java.lang.Integer" length="1" /><set name="orders" table="order"><key column="userid" not-null="true"></key><element type="java.lang.String" column="order_name" not-null="true"></element></set></class>
</hibernate-mapping> 实体类User，这个User里面有一个String的list集合，用来记录订单：
package com.edu.nju.firstSSH.Bean;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;/*** @author Guest**/
public class User {private String name;private String password;private int gender;private int userid;private Set<String> orders = new HashSet<String>();public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public int getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(int gender) {this.gender = gender;}public int getUserid() {return userid;}public void setUserid(int userid) {this.userid = userid;}public Set<String> getOrders() {return orders;}public void setOrders(Set<String> orders) {this.orders = orders;}
}
package Test;import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import com.edu.nju.firstSSH.Bean.Order;
import com.edu.nju.firstSSH.Bean.User;public class TestHibernate implements Test{private SessionFactory sessionFactory;public void test(){Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();Transaction tr = session.beginTransaction();//User user = new User();//user.setGender(1);//user.setName("liyao");//user.setPassword("123");//Order o = new Order();//o.setOrderName("伙食");//user.getOrders().add(o);//Set<String> s = new HashSet<String>();//s.add("abc");//user.getOrders().add("abc");//user.setOrders(s);Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>();set.add("123");set.add("123");User user = new User();user.setUserid(2);user.setName("123");user.setOrders(set);session.save(user);tr.commit();session.close();sessionFactory.close();}public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {return sessionFactory;}public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;}
}
我这里的sessionFactory没有初始化，因为我用spring配的，spring就不贴了。
我感觉这些写的都没什么，可是一运行就报错，大致意思是sql的语法有问题，我很纳闷，这是使用hibernate反向建表啊，我压根没写什么sql语句，难道hibernate自建的语句有问题？通过设置hibernate.cfg.xml的属性：
<property name="show_sql">true</property>可以看到他的sql语句为下面两条：
Hibernate: insert into user (name, password, gender) values (?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into order (userid, order_name) values (?, ?)上网查阅之后发现这样的报错大都是因为编写sql语法导致的，可是我真的没写一条sql啊，很郁闷。。。。。
后来我又上网查找了别人写的映射set集合的例子，复制过来，发现可以运行，然后我仔细对比我和他的区别，最终终于找到了错误原因！
居然是我建的“order”表是数据库的保留字，也就是不能建立“order”表，把他改成“orders”或者其他非保留字，就可以运行了。
<set name="orders" table="orders">那么，如果真是非要用那个保留字怎么办呢？上网查了一下，分2种情况：
1，如果是表名，那么可以用如下形式：
<set name="orders" table= "`order`" >2，如果是列名，那么可以使用上面的方式，也可以用[ ]来代替``。
好了这个问题解决了。
最后再补充一下。如果写的sql语句的表名与关键字冲突的话，在mysql下面把表名用[]括起来，如果是sql server数据库用反单引号。
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