数据库的存储过程、函数与触发器

本文主要是介绍数据库的存储过程、函数与触发器，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

使用下面的场景来引入

1.创建表

CREATE DATABASE staff;
USE staff;
CREATE TABLE employee(id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,userName VARCHAR(255),birthDate DATE,idCard VARCHAR(255),loginName VARCHAR(255),PASSWORD VARCHAR(255),mobile VARCHAR(255),email VARCHAR(255),deptId INT,LEVEL INT,avatar BLOB,remark TEXT,PRIMARY KEY(id)
);CREATE TABLE dept(id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,deptName VARCHAR(255),manageId INT,remark VARCHAR(255),PRIMARY KEY(id)
);CREATE TABLE payroll(id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,empId INT,baseSalary DOUBLE,actualSalary DOUBLE,bonus DOUBLE,deductMoney DOUBLE,grantDate DATE,PRIMARY KEY(id)
);CREATE TABLE ask_leave(id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,empId INT,leaveReason TEXT,beginDate DATE,endDate DATE,submitDate DATE,auditId INT,STATUS INT,auditOpinion TEXT,PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

2.编写存储过程实现插入员工表：参数为：

员工编号	id	int
姓名	userName	varchar(225)
出生日期	birthDate	date
身份证号	idCard	varchar(225)
登录名称	loginName	varchar(225)
登录密码	password	varchar(225)
手机号	mobile	varchar(225)
电子邮件	email	varchar(225)
部门编号	deptId	int
员工级别	level	int
员工头像	avatar	blob
备注	remark	text

存储过程名称为：insert_employee

CREATE DEFINER=`root`@`localhost` PROCEDURE `insert_employee`(IN `id` int,IN `username` varchar(225),IN `birthDate` date,IN `idCard` varchar(225),IN `loginName` varchar(225),IN `password` varchar(225),IN `mobile` varchar(225),IN `email` varchar(225),IN `deptId` int,IN `level` int,IN `avatar` blob,IN `remark` text
)
BEGINDECLARE cnt INT;SELECT COUNT(*) INTO cnt FROM employee WHERE employee.id = id;IF cnt = 0 THEN INSERT INTO employee(`id`,`username`,`birthDate`,`idCard`,`loginName`,`password`,`mobile`,`email`,`deptId`,`level`,`avatar`,`remark` )VALUES(`id`,`username`,`birthDate`,`idCard`,`loginName`,`password`,`mobile`,`email`,`deptId`,`level`,`avatar`,`remark`);END IF;
END

3.利用存储过程在员工表中插入记录.

call insert_employee(1,'小红','2002-03-14','411423200203141510','xiaohong','123','15238790678','1625376859@qq.com',3,1,NULL,'新员工');
call insert_employee(2,'小橙','2002-02-14','411423200203241511','xiaocheng','123','15238790677','1625376858@qq.com',2,2,NULL,'新员工');

4.创建触发器。
插入

CREATE TRIGGER `insert_payroll` BEFORE 
INSERT ON `payroll` 
FOR EACH ROW SET new.actualSalary = new.baseSalary + new.bonus - new.deductMoney;

更新

CREATE DEFINER = `root`@`localhost`
TRIGGER `update_payroll` BEFORE 
UPDATE ON `payroll` 
FOR EACH ROW SET new.actualSalary = new.baseSalary + new.bonus - new.deductMoney;

5.在员工表中依据姓名userName建立索引。

CREATE INDEX index_userName 
ON employee(username);

6.建立员工部门工资视图（包含员工名称，部门名称，基本工资,应发工资,奖金,缺勤扣钱）

CREATE VIEW v_employee_dept_payroll AS
SELECT username AS 姓名,deptName AS 部门名称,baseSalary AS 基本工资,actualSalary AS 应发工资,bonus AS 奖金,deductMoney AS 缺勤扣钱
FROM employee,dept,payroll
WHERE employee.id = payroll.empId AND employee.deptId = dept.id;

7.利用触发器实现插入请假信息时，审核人编号自动填入请假人所在部门的部门经理编号。

CREATE DEFINER = `root`@`localhost` 
TRIGGER `insert_ask_leave` BEFORE 
INSERT ON `ask_leave` 
FOR EACH ROW SET new.auditId = (
SELECT manageId 
FROM employee,dept 
WHERE employee.deptid = dept.id AND new.empid = employee.id
);

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