Linux内核启动：setup

本文主要是介绍Linux内核启动：setup_arch，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

BootLoader 可以向Linux 传递参数，编译内核时也可以配置boot options 。

调试中使用的U-Boot bootargs如下：

noinitrd root=/dev/mtdblock3 rw console=ttySAC0,115200 init=/linuxrc mem=64M

内核版本：

2.6.35.7

内核的处理参数的整体过程如下：

① u-boot将配置参数地址通过寄存器传递给内核

② 内核(arch/arm/kernel/head-common.S中的 __mmap_switched)将这个地址存入__atags_pointer(定义于arch/arm/kernel/setup.c)

③ setup_arch() 函数

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<span style="font-size: 14px;">void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
{
struct tag *tags = (struct tag *)&init_tags;
struct machine_desc *mdesc;
char *from = default_command_line; 编译内核时配置的Boot Options
unwind_init();
setup_processor();
mdesc = setup_machine(machine_arch_type);
machine_name = mdesc->name;
if (mdesc->soft_reboot)
reboot_setup("s");
if (__atags_pointer) 检查BootLoader是否传入参数
tags = phys_to_virt(__atags_pointer);
else if (mdesc->boot_params)
tags = phys_to_virt(mdesc->boot_params); machine descriptor中传入的启动参数地址(arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-mini2440.c)
/*
* If we have the old style parameters, convert them to
* a tag list.
*/
if (tags->hdr.tag != ATAG_CORE)
convert_to_tag_list(tags);
if (tags->hdr.tag != ATAG_CORE)
tags = (struct tag *)&init_tags; 使用default init_tags，其中内存的定义是: 起始地址：0x30000000，大小是16M
if (mdesc->fixup)
mdesc->fixup(mdesc, tags, &from, &meminfo);
if (tags->hdr.tag == ATAG_CORE) {
if (meminfo.nr_banks != 0) 如果内存已经初始化，则忽略mem TAG
squash_mem_tags(tags);
save_atags(tags);
parse_tags(tags); 解析TAGS，其中如果U-boot传入ATAG_CMDLINE，则使用U-boot传入的bootargs覆盖default_command_line
}
init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;
init_mm.end_code = (unsigned long) _etext;
init_mm.end_data = (unsigned long) _edata;
init_mm.brk = (unsigned long) _end;
/* parse_early_param needs a boot_command_line */
strlcpy(boot_command_line, from, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE); 将defualt_command_line拷入boot_command_line
/* populate cmd_line too for later use, preserving boot_command_line */
strlcpy(cmd_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);
*cmdline_p = cmd_line;
parse_early_param(); 大部分参数的early属性为0，即大部分参数在早期不处理，如noinitrd，console等
paging_init(mdesc);
request_standard_resources(&meminfo, mdesc);
***************
</span>
}

void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p){struct tag *tags = (struct tag *)&init_tags;struct machine_desc *mdesc;char *from = default_command_line; 编译内核时配置的Boot Optionsunwind_init();setup_processor();mdesc = setup_machine(machine_arch_type);machine_name = mdesc->name;if (mdesc->soft_reboot)reboot_setup("s");if (__atags_pointer)                                               检查BootLoader是否传入参数tags = phys_to_virt(__atags_pointer);else if (mdesc->boot_params)tags = phys_to_virt(mdesc->boot_params);  machine descriptor中传入的启动参数地址(arch/arm/mach-s3c2440/mach-mini2440.c)/** If we have the old style parameters, convert them to* a tag list.*/if (tags->hdr.tag != ATAG_CORE)convert_to_tag_list(tags);if (tags->hdr.tag != ATAG_CORE)tags = (struct tag *)&init_tags;       使用default init_tags，其中内存的定义是: 起始地址：0x30000000，大小是16Mif (mdesc->fixup)mdesc->fixup(mdesc, tags, &from, &meminfo);if (tags->hdr.tag == ATAG_CORE) {if (meminfo.nr_banks != 0)                如果内存已经初始化，则忽略mem TAGsquash_mem_tags(tags);save_atags(tags);parse_tags(tags);             解析TAGS，其中如果U-boot传入ATAG_CMDLINE，则使用U-boot传入的bootargs覆盖default_command_line}init_mm.start_code = (unsigned long) _text;init_mm.end_code   = (unsigned long) _etext;init_mm.end_data   = (unsigned long) _edata;init_mm.brk        = (unsigned long) _end;/* parse_early_param needs a boot_command_line */strlcpy(boot_command_line, from, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);         将defualt_command_line拷入boot_command_line/* populate cmd_line too for later use, preserving boot_command_line */strlcpy(cmd_line, boot_command_line, COMMAND_LINE_SIZE);*cmdline_p = cmd_line;parse_early_param();               大部分参数的early属性为0，即大部分参数在早期不处理，如noinitrd，console等paging_init(mdesc);request_standard_resources(&meminfo, mdesc);***************

}

一．u-boot传递TAG到kernel的解析

在setup_arch函数的parse_tags中对传递过来的TAGLIST进行了解析

对每一项的tag使用parse_tag分析，

for (t = &__tagtable_begin; t < &__tagtable_end; t++)

if (tag->hdr.tag == t->tag) {

t->parse(tag);

break;

}

其中__tagtable_begin,__tagtable_end在vmlinux.ld中也有定义，这里看tagtable的建立过程

#define __tagtalbe(tag,fn)/

Static struct tagtable __tagtable_##fn __tag={tag,fn}

#define __tag __userd __attribute__((__section__(“.taglist.init”)))