010、Python+fastapi，第一个后台管理项目走向第10步：ubutun 20.04下安装ngnix+mysql8+redis5环境

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一、说明

先吐槽一下，ubuntu 界面还是不习惯，而且用的是云电脑，有些快捷键不好用，只能将就，谁叫我们穷呢？

正在思考怎么往后进行，突然发现没安装mysql 和redis，准备安装，而且配置个远程链接，主要是后续得把mysql导出来

二、安装ngnix

1、安装

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt install nginx 

一路yes

p3wr5zfyw:~$ systemctl status nginx
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset:>
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-04-13 14:31:29 CST; 21s ago
       Docs: man:nginx(8)
   Main PID: 4339 (nginx)
      Tasks: 5 (limit: 9479)
     Memory: 5.7M
     CGroup: /system.slice/nginx.service
             ├─4339 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_>
             ├─4341 nginx: worker process
             ├─4342 nginx: worker process
             ├─4343 nginx: worker process
             └─4344 nginx: worker process

成功了吧
 

ps aux|grep nginx
root        4339  0.0  0.0  51432  1524 ?        Ss   14:31   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on;
www-data    4341  0.0  0.0  51852  5104 ?        S    14:31   0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data    4342  0.0  0.0  51852  5104 ?        S    14:31   0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data    4343  0.0  0.0  51852  5104 ?        S    14:31   0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data    4344  0.0  0.0  51852  5104 ?        S    14:31   0:00 nginx: worker process
jiangkp+    4909  0.0  0.0  12108   660 pts/0    S+   14:33   0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
 

2、修改配置文件

通常情况下，Nginx 的主配置文件位于 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf。而站点特定的配置文件通常位于 /etc/nginx/conf.d目录下。
要创建一个新的站点配置文件，可以在 /etc/nginx/conf.d/ 目录下创建一个新的文件，
例如 my_site.conf，官方配置文件已经读取了conf.d下所有后缀为conf的自定义配置文件。使用文本编辑器（
创建一个新文件

sudo vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/victor.conf

server {

    listen 8080;
    location / {
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:80/;
    }

    location /prod-api {
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
        rewrite ^/prod-api/(.*)$ /$1 break;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   html;
    }
}

检测文件是否正确

sudo nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
 

 3、测试

sudo systemctl reload nginx

http://localhost:8080/

三、安装mysql （失败了好几次，看后面安装部分，得下载来安装）

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

安装不成功

sudo apt remove mysql-server

sudo apt remove mysql-common

sudo apt remove mysql-client

sudo rm -fr /var/lib/mysql
sudo rm -fr /etc/mysql
sudo apt autoremove mysql* --purge
sudo apt remove apparmor

删除了，继续安装

以前centos 上安装，ubuntu第一次装，估计就是镜像源的问题，下面换个镜像

我们安装5.7

1、编辑镜像源文件 

sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list 

2、在尾部添加清华大学镜像源

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

 3、更新镜像

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade  

4、安装mysql

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

继续出错，没办法了，下载安装了

5、继续安装（准备下载安）

MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Serverhttps://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

 注意ubuntu 的版本，别搞错了

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-server_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

tar -xvf mysql-server_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb-bundle.tar

sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client-core_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-common_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-client_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i  libmysqlclient21_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libmysqlclient-dev_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i  mysql-client_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb

sudo apt-get install libmecab2

sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server-core_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb

sudo dpkg -i mysql-community-server_8.0.21-1ubuntu20.04_amd64.deb

错误 useradd: cannot open /etc/passwd

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ lsattr /etc/passwd
----i---------e----- /etc/passwd
解决：sudo chattr -i /etc/passwd

错误 useradd: cannot open /etc/shadow

iangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ sudo lsattr /etc/shadow
----i---------e----- /etc/shadow
解决 sudo chattr -i /etc/shadow

安装成功

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ mysql -V
mysql  Ver 8.0.21 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
 

systemctl status mysql  可以

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.21 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 

终于OK了

四、安装redis 

 希望不要像mysql一样变态

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install redis-server

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ sudo systemctl status redis-server
● redis-server.service - Advanced key-value store
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/redis-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2024-04-13 21:13:16 CST; 2min 22s ago
       Docs: http://redis.io/documentation,
             man:redis-server(1)
   Main PID: 71524 (redis-server)
      Tasks: 4 (limit: 9479)
     Memory: 2.1M
     CGroup: /system.slice/redis-server.service
             └─71524 /usr/bin/redis-server 127.0.0.1:6379

Apr 13 21:13:16 bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw systemd[1]: Starting Advanced key-value store...
Apr 13 21:13:16 bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw systemd[1]: redis-server.service: Can't open PID file /run/redis/redis-server.pid (yet?) after start: Operation not permitted
Apr 13 21:13:16 bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw systemd[1]: Started Advanced key-value store.

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ redis-server -v
Redis server v=5.0.7 sha=00000000:0 malloc=jemalloc-5.2.1 bits=64 build=66bd629f924ac924
 

jiangkping@bm1dqvp3wr5zfyw:~/Documents$ redis-cli -h localhost -p 6379
localhost:6379> get n
(nil)
localhost:6379> set n '18'
OK
localhost:6379> get n
"18"
localhost:6379> ping
PONG
localhost:6379> 
 

 ubuntu 安装mysql得多大的坑啊，不知道是不是我不会玩，不过服务器还是centos多，平时不用这个系统

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