本文主要是介绍单机 KubeSphere v3.0的安装，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
单机 KubeSphere v3.0的安装
我是在虚拟机环境中安装的，4C、32G、120GB
注意：平台之间依赖厂家经过测试的版本，千万不要选择未经测试的版本，否则会卡在哪里得不到解决。
选择CentOS 7.7 + docker 19.3.14 + kubernetes 1.18.6 + kubesphere 3.0.0
0、安装虚拟机
VMware workstations
1、安装Linux
CentOS 7.7，最小安装，然后配置网卡
2、安装Docker
参考如下，贴子很多
systemctl disable firewalld
systemctl status firewalld
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
setenforce 0
cat /etc/selinux/config
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
free -l -h
echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
yum remove docker \docker-client \docker-client-latest \docker-common \docker-latest \docker-latest-logrotate \docker-logrotate \docker-engine
yum install -y yum-utils \device-mapper-persistent-data \lvm2
yum-config-manager \--add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repoyum install -y docker-ce-19.03.14 docker-ce-cli-19.03.14 containerd.io
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
docker version
3、安装KubeSphere
export KKZONE=cn
curl -sfL https://get-kk.kubesphere.io | VERSION=v1.0.1 sh -
Downloading kubekey v1.0.1 from https://kubernetes.pek3b.qingstor.com/kubekey/releases/download/v1.0.1/kubekey-v1.0.1-linux-amd64.tar.gz …
Kubekey v1.0.1 Download Complete!
chmod +x kk
docker version
yum install -y socat conntrack
保证如下组件安装了：sudo curl openssl ebtables socat ipset conntrack docker，务必在开始下面命令前安装完这些相关必要的组件
./kk create cluster --with-kubernetes v1.18.6 --with-kubesphere v3.0.0
下面为这个命令的输出：
Continue this installation? [yes/no]: yes
INFO[13:04:49 CST] Downloading Installation Files
INFO[13:04:49 CST] Downloading kubeadm …
INFO[13:04:50 CST] Downloading kubelet …
INFO[13:04:51 CST] Downloading kubectl …
INFO[13:04:51 CST] Downloading helm …
INFO[13:04:51 CST] Downloading kubecni …
INFO[13:04:52 CST] Configurating operating system …
…
INFO[13:04:55 CST] Installing docker …
INFO[13:04:55 CST] Start to download images on all nodes
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: kubesphere/etcd:v3.3.12
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: kubesphere/pause:3.2
…
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: coredns/coredns:1.6.9
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: kubesphere/k8s-dns-node-cache:1.15.12
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: calico/kube-controllers:v3.15.1
…
[k8s-kubesphere] Downloading image: calico/pod2daemon-flexvol:v3.15.1
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown ( i d − u ) : (id -u): (id−u):(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
…
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run “kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml” with one of the options listed at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
You can now join any number of control-plane nodes by copying certificate authorities
and service account keys on each node and then running the following as root:
kubeadm join lb.kubesphere.local:6443 --token 7n691x.e88u2nmc7cy99plj
–discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f535950e23fbc39e1956e6f4c5ccecd29a9ffd1d432d2f157cbaad5bbdd873a8
–control-plane
…
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:
kubeadm join lb.kubesphere.local:6443 --token 7n691x.e88u2nmc7cy99plj
–discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:f535950e23fbc39e1956e6f4c5ccecd29a9ffd1d432d2f157cbaad5bbdd873a8
…
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION INTERNAL-IP EXTERNAL-IP OS-IMAGE KERNEL-VERSION CONTAINER-RUNTIME
k8s-kubesphere NotReady master,worker 46s v1.18.6 8.1.3.151 CentOS Linux 7 (Core) 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 docker://19.3.14
INFO[13:08:48 CST] Deploying KubeSphere …
v3.0.0
INFO[13:14:29 CST] Installation is complete.
注意：到这里基本是安装完成了，如果出错就从头排查，建议做好虚拟机的备份，以便知道改动了哪里！！！
Please check the result using the command:
kubectl logs -n kubesphere-system $(kubectl get pod -n kubesphere-system -l app=ks-install -o jsonpath=’{.items[0].metadata.name}’) -f
4、验证安装是否正常
执行下面命令
kubectl logs -n kubesphere-system $(kubectl get pod -n kubesphere-system -l app=ks-install -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -f
应该输出：
#####################################################
### Welcome to KubeSphere! ###
#####################################################Console: http://8.1.3.151:30880
Account: admin
Password: P@88w0rdNOTES：1. After logging into the console, please check themonitoring status of service components inthe "Cluster Management". If any service is notready, please wait patiently until all components are ready.2. Please modify the default password after login.#####################################################
https://kubesphere.io 2021-01-14 08:20:51
#####################################################
5、出现错误的情况
安装完成后，我都是重启了两遍虚拟机，然后才全部正常的
最常见的就是下载组件pod等时网络不通或者速度过慢，导致失败
一般就是反复尝试并切换到国内的镜像源上。
部署Kubernetes时出现ImagePullBackOff或ErrImagePull情况
参考：https://blog.csdn.net/lin_yx/article/details/111599937
第一步：查看那些pod不正常
kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
#kubectl get pod --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
kube-system calico-kube-controllers-578894d4cd-jdsmt 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system calico-node-gpvlx 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system coredns-6b55b6764d-84mxp 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system coredns-6b55b6764d-k6bzr 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-kubesphere 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-kubesphere 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system kube-proxy-f7wrb 1/1 Running 4 20h
kube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-kubesphere 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system metrics-server-f47758d8f-rswq5 1/1 Running 2 18h
kube-system nodelocaldns-tfrlx 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system openebs-localpv-provisioner-84446d4bd7-b4hft 1/1 Running 1 20h
kube-system openebs-ndm-l9cp7 1/1 Running 3 20h
kube-system openebs-ndm-operator-6456dc9db-w2d6w 1/1 Running 2 20h
kube-system snapshot-controller-0 1/1 Running 1 18h
kubesphere-controls-system default-http-backend-857d7b6856-g8ljk 1/1 Running 1 18h
kubesphere-controls-system kubectl-admin-58f985d8f6-jsshk 1/1 Running 1 17h
kubesphere-monitoring-system alertmanager-main-0 2/2 Running 2 18h
kubesphere-monitoring-system kube-state-metrics-95c974544-nw6vw 3/3 Running 3 18h
kubesphere-monitoring-system node-exporter-29zwp 2/2 Running 2 18h
kubesphere-monitoring-system notification-manager-deployment-7c8df68d94-6mk8m 1/1 Running 1 17h
kubesphere-monitoring-system notification-manager-operator-6958786cd6-5hphl 2/2 Running 2 18h
kubesphere-monitoring-system prometheus-k8s-0 3/3 Running 4 18h
kubesphere-monitoring-system prometheus-operator-84d58bf775-kz29n 2/2 Running 2 18h
kubesphere-system ks-apiserver-67c5fcfc66-xdlnw 1/1 Running 0 91m
kubesphere-system ks-console-b4df86d6f-vc8bl 1/1 Running 1 18h
kubesphere-system ks-controller-manager-57b966f8f4-b2p72 1/1 Running 0 91m
kubesphere-system ks-installer-7cb866bd-bsfrt 1/1 Running 1 20h
kubesphere-system openldap-0 1/1 Running 1 18h
kubesphere-system redis-644bc597b9-5kzsp 1/1 Running 1 18h
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
第二步：查看这些不正常pod的原因
kubectl describe kubesphere-system/xxxxx --namespace kube-system
注意：一定要加上命名空间
第三步：手动下载pod，那个有问题就下载那个，一定要加上版本
docker pull kubesphere/xxxxx，卡在哪就下哪个，而且下载用describe看到的版本
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