HttpClient工具类及应用

本文主要是介绍HttpClient工具类及应用，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

Content-Type类型：
常见的媒体格式类型如下：

text/html ： HTML格式
text/plain ：纯文本格式
text/xml ： XML格式
image/gif ：gif图片格式
image/jpeg ：jpg图片格式
image/png：png图片格式

以application开头的媒体格式类型：

application/xhtml+xml ：XHTML格式
application/xml ： XML数据格式
application/atom+xml ：Atom XML聚合格式
application/json ： JSON数据格式
application/pdf ：pdf格式
application/msword ： Word文档格式
application/octet-stream ：二进制流数据（如常见的文件下载）
application/x-www-form-urlencoded ：中默认的encType，form表单数据被编码为key/value格式发送到服务器（表单默认的提交数据的格式）
另外一种常见的媒体格式是上传文件之时使用的：
multipart/form-data ：需要在表单中进行文件上传时，就需要使用该格式

区别:

application/xml 媒体类型：推荐使用。如果 MIME 用户代理或 Web 用户代理不支持这个媒体类型，会转为 application/octet-stream，当做二进制流来处理。application/xml 实体默认用 UTF-8 字符集。Content-type: application/xml; charset=“utf-8” 或 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 都可以生效。

text/xml 媒体类型：如果 MIME 用户代理或 Web 用户代理不支持这个媒体类型，会将其视为 text/plain，当做纯文本处理。text/xml 媒体类型限制了 XML 实体中可用的编码类型（例如此时支持 UTF-8 但不支持 UTF-16，因为使用 UTF-16 编码的文本在处理 CR，LF 和 NUL 会导致异常转换）。text/xml 实体在 XML 头指定编码格式无效，必须在 HTTP 头部的 Content-Type: 中指定才会生效（例如 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 无法设置字符集，Content-Type: text/xml; charset=“utf-8” 则可以）。没有设置字符集时默认使用“us-ascii”字符集。

package com.xiaobu.base.utils;import org.apache.http.HttpStatus;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.config.RequestConfig;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;/*** Content-type 常用的几种类型* application/x-www-form-urlencoded :form表单键值对<K,V>类型 默认类型** @author xiaobu* @version JDK1.8.0_171* @date on  2018/12/10 10:40* @description V1.0 HttpClient工具类*/
public class HttpClientUtils {/*** 获取httppost对象 设置连接超时属性* setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。* setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager获取Connection 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。* setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。*/public static HttpPost getHttpPost(String url) {// 创建post方式请求对象HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000).setSocketTimeout(5000).build();httpPost.setConfig(requestConfig);return httpPost;}/*** @param url 请求地址, map 数据类型, encoding 编码]* @return java.lang.String* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 10:46* @descprition pots请求传输 形式数据形式访问* @version 1.0*/public static String sendPostDataByMap(String url, Map<String, String> map, String encoding) {// 创建httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();// 创建post方式请求对象HttpPost httpPost = getHttpPost(url);// 装填参数List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();if (map != null) {for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));}}// 设置参数到请求对象中try {httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs, encoding));} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// 设置header信息// 指定报文头【Content-type】、【User-Agent】httpPost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");httpPost.setHeader("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows NT; DigExt)");CloseableHttpResponse response = getPostResponse(httpClient, httpPost);return getResult(response, encoding);}/*** @param url 请求笛子, json 请求数据类型, encoding编码* @return java.lang.String* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 10:45* @descprition post请求传输json* @version 1.0* JSON.toJSONString(map) 将map对象转化为json字符串*/public static String sendPostDataByJson(String url, String json, String encoding) {// 创建httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();// 创建post方式请求对象HttpPost httpPost = getHttpPost(url);// 设置参数到请求对象中StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(json, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON);stringEntity.setContentEncoding(encoding);httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);CloseableHttpResponse response = getPostResponse(httpClient, httpPost);return getResult(response, encoding);}public static String sendPostDataByXml(String url, String xml, String encoding) {// 创建httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();// 创建post方式请求对象HttpPost httpPost = getHttpPost(url);httpPost.addHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");// 设置参数到请求对象中  text/xml和application/xml的区别StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(xml, encoding);stringEntity.setContentEncoding(encoding);httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);CloseableHttpResponse response = getPostResponse(httpClient, httpPost);return getResult(response, encoding);}/*** @param url 访问地址, encoding 编码]* @return java.lang.String* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 11:17* @descprition get方式请求* setConnectTimeout：设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒。* setConnectionRequestTimeout：设置从connect Manager获取Connection 超时时间，单位毫秒。这个属性是新加的属性，因为目前版本是可以共享连接池的。* setSocketTimeout：请求获取数据的超时时间，单位毫秒。 如果访问一个接口，多少时间内无法返回数据，就直接放弃此次调用。* @version 1.0*/public static String sendGetData(String url, String encoding) {// 创建httpclient对象CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();// 创建get方式请求对象HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setConnectTimeout(5000).setConnectionRequestTimeout(1000).setSocketTimeout(5000).build();httpGet.setConfig(requestConfig);// Content-type设置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded 或者不设置也是可以的(默认为application/x-www-form-urlencoded)httpGet.addHeader("Content-type", "application/json");// 通过请求对象获取响应对象CloseableHttpResponse response = getGetResponse(httpClient, httpGet);return getResult(response, encoding);}/*** @param httpClient , httpPost* @return org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 11:18* @descprition 获取response对象* @version 1.0*/public static CloseableHttpResponse getPostResponse(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpPost httpPost) {CloseableHttpResponse response = null;try {response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return response;}/*** @param httpClient , httpGET* @return org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 11:18* @descprition 获取response对象* @version 1.0*/public static CloseableHttpResponse getGetResponse(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpGet httpGet) {CloseableHttpResponse response = null;try {response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return response;}/*** @param response, encoding]* @return java.lang.String* @author xiaobu* @date 2018/12/10 11:18* @descprition 获取结果* @version 1.0*/public static String getResult(CloseableHttpResponse response, String encoding) {String result = "";if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {try {result = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(), encoding);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}// 释放链接try {response.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return result;}}

服务端代码:

    /*** 功能描述: Post方式获取数据* @author xiaobu* @date 2019/8/23 12:36* @param data 用于获取application/x-www-form-urlencoded 下的参数名称data的数据 , request 通过流来获取body的数据* @return java.lang.String* @version 1.0*/@PostMapping("revQrCodeRelationData")public String revQrCodeRelationData(String data, HttpServletRequest request) {try {InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));String line = null;StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {//读取并换行stringBuilder.append(line + "\n");}System.out.println("stringBuilder = " + stringBuilder);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return null;}/*** 功能描述:Get方式* @author xiaobu* @date 2019/8/23 12:41* @param Sign, timeStamp, device, quntity* @return java.lang.String* @version 1.0*/@GetMapping("sendQRCodeData")public String sendQrCodeData(String Sign,long timeStamp,String device,int  quntity){Map<String, String> data = new HashMap<>();data.put("QRCode1", "http://xxxxxxx1");data.put("QRCode2", "http://xxxxxxx2");data.put("QRCode3", "http://xxxxxxx3");data.put("IndexCode1", "001");data.put("IndexCode2", "002");data.put("IndexCode3", "003");data.put("Quantity", quntity+"");return "success";}

测试代码:

package com.xiaobu;import com.xiaobu.base.utils.HttpClientUtils;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;/*** @author xiaobu* @version JDK1.8.0_171* @date on  2018/12/27 15:55* @description V1.0*/
public class HttpClientDemo {public static void main(String[] args) {String postUrl = "http://localhost:8899/api/revQrCodeRelationData";//通过K-V来获取 SpringMVC实现了封装Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("data", "我是你大爷");String result = HttpClientUtils.sendPostDataByMap(postUrl, map, "UTF-8");System.out.println("result = " + result);//通过request.getInputStream()来获取String json = "我是你二大爷";String jsonResult=HttpClientUtils.sendPostDataByJson(postUrl, json, "UTF-8");System.out.println("jsonResult = " + jsonResult);//通过request.getInputStream()来获取String xml = "<!--?xml version=\"1.0\"?-->\n" +"<methodcall>\n" +"    <methodname>examples.getStateName</methodname>\n" +"    <params>\n" +"        <param>\n" +"            <value><i4>中国人</i4></value>\n" +"\n" +"    </params>\n" +"</methodcall>";String xmlResult=HttpClientUtils.sendPostDataByXml(postUrl, xml, "UTF-8");System.out.println("xmlResult = " + xmlResult);//get方式String getUrl = "http://localhost:8899/api/sendQRCodeData?Sign=1&timeStamp=1234567890123&device=1&quntity=1";String getResult = HttpClientUtils.sendGetData(getUrl, "UTF-8");System.out.println("getResult = " + getResult);}
}