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QTQcustomplot的简单应用，波形绘制
QcustomPlot 库介绍
QCustomPlot是基于Qt的画图和数据可视化的C++控件。相比于Qchart、Qwt、QCustomPlot可实现较好动态刷新特性，同时安装比较简单。
QCustomPlot库的安装与导入
从官网中下载QCustomPlot的安装包。将其添加至项目的文件夹中
在项目中直接添加对应的文件
初始工作
将主程序的.h文件添加对QCustomPlot.h文件的引用，添加QCustomPlot的引用
#include <QWidget>
#include"qcustomplot.h"QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACEclass Widget : public QWidget
{Q_OBJECTpublic:Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~Widget();private:Ui::Widget *ui;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H同时，需要在.pro的工程文件重添加QT += printsupport，若不添加，则会使QCustomPlot的编译出错
QT += core gui
QT += printsupport
主界面初始化
添加布局对象和QCustomPlot对象
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);layout=new QVBoxLayout(this);customPlot=new QCustomPlot(this);customPlot->resize(500,700);layout->addWidget(customPlot);this->setLayout(layout);
}
其执行的结果，如下图所示，可以明显看到，打印出来坐标轴和网格线
QCustomPlot 简单应用——1.绘制静态函数曲线
void Widget::drawStatic()
{QVector<double>x(101),y(101);for(int i=0;i<101;i++){x[i]=i/5-10;y[i]=x[i]*x[i]*x[i];}//addGraph 添加图层//其数据格式需要为vector类型customPlot->addGraph();customPlot->graph(0)->setData(x,y);customPlot->xAxis->setLabel("x");customPlot->yAxis->setLabel("y");customPlot->xAxis->setRange(-11,11);customPlot->yAxis->setRange(-1100,1100);
}
QCustomPlot 简单应用——2.绘制较为复杂的静态曲线
void Widget::drawComplexStatic()
{customPlot->addGraph();//设置线条的颜色和线条的覆盖范围的颜色customPlot->graph(0)->setPen(QPen(Qt::blue));customPlot->graph(0)->setBrush(QBrush(QColor(0, 0, 255, 20)));customPlot->addGraph();customPlot->graph(1)->setPen(QPen(Qt::red));//输入数据的样式；QVector<double> x(251), y0(251), y1(251);for (int i=0; i<251; ++i){x[i] = i;y0[i] = qExp(-i/150.0)*qCos(i/10.0); // exponentially decaying cosiney1[i] = qExp(-i/150.0); // exponential envelope}//设置坐标轴的样式customPlot->xAxis2->setVisible(true);customPlot->xAxis2->setTickLabels(false);customPlot->yAxis2->setVisible(true);customPlot->yAxis2->setTickLabels(false);// 设置上下轴同步connect(customPlot->xAxis, SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)), customPlot->xAxis2, SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));connect(customPlot->yAxis, SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)), customPlot->yAxis2, SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));customPlot->graph(0)->setData(x, y0);customPlot->graph(1)->setData(x, y1);customPlot->graph(0)->rescaleAxes();customPlot->graph(1)->rescaleAxes(true);//设置对于图形的操作比如放大放小，移动customPlot->setInteractions(QCP::iRangeDrag | QCP::iRangeZoom | QCP::iSelectPlottables);}
QCustomPlot 简单应用——3.绘制按键与波形联动
#include "ui_widget.h"Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::Widget)
{ui->setupUi(this);layout=new QVBoxLayout(this);customPlot=new QCustomPlot(this);customPlot->resize(500,700);btnClick=new QPushButton;btnClick->setText("点击");
// //drawStatic();
// drawComplexStatic();drawClicked();connect(btnClick,&QPushButton::clicked,[=](){arrx.append(arrx.count());arry.append(qrand()%4096);customPlot->graph(0)->setData(arrx,arry);customPlot->replot();customPlot->setInteractions(QCP::iRangeDrag | QCP::iRangeZoom | QCP::iSelectPlottables);});layout->addWidget(customPlot);layout->addWidget(btnClick);this->setLayout(layout);
}void Widget::drawClicked()
{customPlot->addGraph();customPlot->graph(0)->setPen(QPen(Qt::blue));//设置画刷，曲线和X轴围成面积的颜色customPlot->graph(0)->setBrush(QBrush(QColor(255,255,0)));//设置右上角图形标注名称customPlot->graph(0)->setName("曲线");customPlot->xAxis->setLabel("X");customPlot->yAxis->setLabel("Y");//设置坐标轴显示范围customPlot->xAxis->setRange(0,60);customPlot->yAxis->setRange(0,5000);
}
QCustomPlot 简单应用——4.绘制随时间变化的动态波形
这个例程主要模仿QcustomPlot官网给出的
void Widget::drawDynamic()
{customPlot->setInteractions(QCP::iRangeDrag|QCP::iRangeZoom|QCP::iSelectAxes|QCP::iSelectLegend|QCP::iSelectPlottables);//坐标轴customPlot->addGraph();customPlot->graph(0)->setPen(QPen(QColor(40,110,225)));QSharedPointer<QCPAxisTickerTime>timeTicker(new QCPAxisTickerTime);timeTicker->setTimeFormat("%h:%m:%s");customPlot->xAxis->setTicker(timeTicker);customPlot->axisRect()->setupFullAxesBox();customPlot->yAxis->setRange(-1.2,1.2);//让坐标轴动态的变化connect(customPlot->xAxis,SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)),customPlot->xAxis2,SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));connect(customPlot->yAxis,SIGNAL(rangeChanged(QCPRange)),customPlot->yAxis2,SLOT(setRange(QCPRange)));QTimer *dataTimer=new QTimer();connect(dataTimer,SIGNAL(timeout()),this,SLOT(realTimeDataSlot()));dataTimer->start(0);
}void Widget::realTimeDataSlot()
{static QTime time(QTime::currentTime());double key=time.elapsed()/1000;static double lastPointKey=0;if(key-lastPointKey>0.002){customPlot->graph(0)->addData(key,qSin(key+qrand()/(double)RAND_MAX*1*qSin(key/0.3843)));customPlot->graph(0)->rescaleValueAxis();lastPointKey=key;}customPlot->xAxis->setRange(key,8,Qt::AlignRight);customPlot->replot();
}
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