本文主要是介绍django-admin登录窗口添加验证码功能-（替换原有的login.html）captcha插件，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
需求：
1：更改django框架的admin登录窗口标题
2：在admin登录窗口中添加验证码功能
3：验证码允许点击更换
步骤如下：
1:安装插件以及在安装列表中添加插件
2:自定义表单forms.py
3:创建login.html文件(复制django内置的login.html文件进行更改)
4:在admin.py文件中进行修改（编写登录窗口的信息）
5:对主项目中的urls.py进行修改
6:登录后台–需要验证码
7:settings.py文件中设置验证码的大小和长度(自定义验证码的规格)
B视频地址
django-admin替换原来的login登录窗口并添加验证码验证功能
1:安装插件以及在安装列表中添加插件
pip install django-simple-captcha
INSTALLED_APPS = [ # 使用多合一有点慢 # 'multi_captcha_admin',# 多合一验证码 'import_export', # 导出excel插件位置 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'app.apps.AppConfig', 'userprofile.apps.UserprofileConfig', # user表额外一对一表 'store.apps.StoreConfig', 'ownorder.apps.OwnorderConfig', 'outsourcing.apps.OutsourcingConfig', 'captcha',# 验证码
]
2:自定义表单
from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
from captcha.fields import CaptchaField class AppAuthenticationForm(AuthenticationForm): captcha = CaptchaField()
3:创建login.html文件
复制django包中自带的login.html文件中的代码到这里新建的login.html文件中
django自带的login.html文件代码如下
{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% load i18n static %} {% block extrastyle %}{{ block.super }}<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "admin/css/login.css" %}">
{{ form.media }}
{% endblock %} {% block bodyclass %}{{ block.super }} login{% endblock %} {% block usertools %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-global %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-sidebar %}{% endblock %} {% block content_title %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-breadcrumbs %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
{% if form.errors and not form.non_field_errors %}
<p class="errornote">
{% blocktranslate count counter=form.errors.items|length %}Please correct the error below.{% plural %}Please correct the errors below.{% endblocktranslate %}
</p>
{% endif %} {% if form.non_field_errors %}
{% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
<p class="errornote"> {{ error }}
</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %} <div id="content-main"> {% if user.is_authenticated %}
<p class="errornote">
{% blocktranslate trimmed %} You are authenticated as {{ username }}, but are not authorized to access this page. Would you like to login to a different account?
{% endblocktranslate %}
</p>
{% endif %} <form action="{{ app_path }}" method="post" id="login-form">{% csrf_token %} <div class="form-row"> {{ form.username.errors }} {{ form.username.label_tag }} {{ form.username }} </div> <div class="form-row"> {{ form.password.errors }} {{ form.password.label_tag }} {{ form.password }} <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{{ next }}"> </div> {% url 'admin_password_reset' as password_reset_url %} {% if password_reset_url %} <div class="password-reset-link"> <a href="{{ password_reset_url }}">{% translate 'Forgotten your password or username?' %}</a> </div> {% endif %} <div class="submit-row"> <input type="submit" value="{% translate 'Log in' %}"> </div></form> </div>
{% endblock %}
修改后
添加验证码块
并且添加点击验证码刷新的功能
{% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
{% load i18n static %} {% block extrastyle %}{{ block.super }}<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static "admin/css/login.css" %}">
{{ form.media }}
{% endblock %} {% block bodyclass %}{{ block.super }} login{% endblock %} {% block usertools %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-global %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-sidebar %}{% endblock %} {% block content_title %}{% endblock %} {% block nav-breadcrumbs %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
{% if form.errors and not form.non_field_errors %}
<p class="errornote">
{% blocktranslate count counter=form.errors.items|length %}Please correct the error below.{% plural %}Please correct the errors below.{% endblocktranslate %}
</p>
{% endif %} {% if form.non_field_errors %}
{% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
<p class="errornote"> {{ error }}
</p>
{% endfor %}
{% endif %} <div id="content-main"> {% if user.is_authenticated %}
<p class="errornote">
{% blocktranslate trimmed %} You are authenticated as {{ username }}, but are not authorized to access this page. Would you like to login to a different account?
{% endblocktranslate %}
</p>
{% endif %} <form action="{{ app_path }}" method="post" id="login-form">{% csrf_token %} <div class="form-row"> {{ form.username.errors }} {{ form.username.label_tag }} {{ form.username }} </div> <div class="form-row"> {{ form.password.errors }} {{ form.password.label_tag }} {{ form.password }} <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{{ next }}"> </div> <div class="form-row"> {{ form.captcha.errors }} {{ form.captcha.label_tag }} {{ form.captcha }} <input type="hidden" name="next" value="{{ next }}"> </div> {% url 'admin_password_reset' as password_reset_url %} {% if password_reset_url %} <div class="password-reset-link"> <a href="{{ password_reset_url }}">{% translate 'Forgotten your password or username?' %}</a> </div> {% endif %} <div class="submit-row"> <input type="submit" value="{% translate 'Log in' %}"> </div>{#添加点击验证码刷新功能#} <script src="{% static '/admin/huadong/jquery-3.6.0.min.js' %}"></script> <script> $('img.captcha').attr("title", "点击更换验证码"); $('img.captcha').click(function () { $.getJSON('/captcha/refresh/', function (json) { // This should update your captcha image src and captcha hidden input console.log(json); $("img.captcha").attr("src", json.image_url); $("#id_captcha_0").val(json.key); }); return false; }); </script> </form> </div>
{% endblock %}
验证码刷新功能使用到了jquery.js 我把这个放置到了本地，请自行更换其他版本
4在admin.py文件中进行修改
添加以下代码
# forms中定义的表单 添加了验证码字段
from .forms import AppAuthenticationForm class MyAdminSite(admin.AdminSite): # 向django 自带的admin 中使用 自定义的表单 login_form = AppAuthenticationForm # 自定义表单的位置 login_template = "app/login.html" # 设置后台登陆显示标题--方法1 # 登录窗口所使用的显示标头以及网站标题 # 浏览器网站窗口显示文字 site_title = '业务管理系统' # 登录窗口显示标题文字 site_header = '业务管理系统登录' # index_title = '业务管理系统网页标题3' # 添加打开这个管理后台显示的网站标题----窗口标题信息 admin.site.site_title = '业务管理系统网页标题' # 添加打开这个管理后台显示的登录窗口网站标题 admin.site.site_header = '业务管理系统' admin_site = MyAdminSite(name="management")
admin_site
对 AdminSite 类进行了子分类，以便我们可以随意修改和覆盖 django 默认管理员的任何模板，而不会影响默认管理员的任何内容，并继承 admin 的所有函数和模板
5对主项目中的urls.py进行修改
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include # 添加自定义的登录
from app.admin import AppAuthenticationForm admin.site.login_form = AppAuthenticationForm
admin.site.login_template = "app/login.html" # admin.autodiscover()
# 在 Django 中，是一个函数，用于自动发现和注册 Django 项目中所有已安装应用的管理配置。此函数通常在项目的urls.py文件中调用。 urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('captcha/', include('captcha.urls')),
]
6登录后台–需要验证码
http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/login/?next=/admin/
7:settings.py文件中设置验证码的大小和长度
# Font size of the captcha text
CAPTCHA_FONT_SIZE = 40# Length of the captcha text (number of characters)
CAPTCHA_LENGTH = 12# Number of attempts a user can try before captcha protection is enforced
CAPTCHA_MAX_ATTEMPTS = 3# Timeout (in minutes) after which the captcha session expires
CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT = 5# Image dimensions of the captcha image
CAPTCHA_IMAGE_SIZE = (200, 100)# Custom image size for captcha (tuple of width and height)
# If set, overrides CAPTCHA_IMAGE_SIZE
# CAPTCHA_IMAGE_SIZE = (width, height)# Length of the generated audio captcha
CAPTCHA_AUDIO_LENGTH = 5# Case sensitivity of the captcha text
CAPTCHA_CASE_SENSITIVE = False# Characters allowed in the captcha text
CAPTCHA_ALLOWED_CHARS = 'abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZ23456789'# Timeout for the cache (in seconds) for storing captcha
CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT = 5 * 60 # 5 minutes# Directory where temporary captcha images/audio are stored
CAPTCHA_OUTPUT_FORMAT = '%(time)s%(part)s.png'
CAPTCHA_IMAGE_DIR = 'captcha'# Custom directory for storing captcha images/audio
# CAPTCHA_IMAGE_DIR = 'custom_captcha_dir'# Timeout for the cache (in seconds) for storing captcha
CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT = 5 * 60 # 5 minutes# Number of seconds for which the captcha cookie is valid
CAPTCHA_COOKIE_TIMEOUT = CAPTCHA_TIMEOUT# Length of the hash used for storing the captcha image/audio in the cache
CAPTCHA_CACHE_KEY_LENGTH = 16# The challenge text for the captcha audio
CAPTCHA_CHALLENGE_FUNCT = 'captcha.helpers.math_challenge'# Function to generate captcha audio
CAPTCHA_AUDIO_CHALLENGE_FUNCT = 'captcha.helpers.math_audio_challenge'# Custom challenge function for captcha text
# CAPTCHA_CHALLENGE_FUNCT = 'myapp.utils.my_challenge_function'Now that I've added the following code to my [django] project, please check it for me, please say what is added and what is missing, and where is it used?
froms.py code:
from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
from captcha.fields import CaptchaField class AppAuthenticationForm(AuthenticationForm): captcha = CaptchaField()admin.py code:
from django.contrib import admin from .forms import AppAuthenticationForm class MyAdminSite(admin.AdminSite): login_form = AppAuthenticationForm login_template = "weidanyewu/login.html" site_title = 'sy' site_header = 'sy' admin.site.site_title = 'sy' admin.site.site_header = 'sy'
admin_site = MyAdminSite(name="management")
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