手动搭建Dataguard步骤（同一服务器上physic standby）

本文主要是介绍手动搭建Dataguard步骤（同一服务器上physic standby），希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

(1)建立对应standby数据库的目录，如$ORACLE_BASE/admin,$ORACL_EBASE/oradata下的对应目录以及相关子目录，归档日志存放目录，闪回区存放路径等;创建密码文件。

mkdir /opt/oracle/admin/standby
cd /opt/oracle/admin/standby
mkdir adump bdump cdump udump dpdump

mkdir /opt/oracle/oradata/standby

mkdir /opt/oracle/oradata/standby/archivelog

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwstandby password=oracle force=y

(2) 开始主库的备份，备份包括数据文件和控制文件

alter database begin backup;

cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/system01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/undotbs01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/sysaux01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/users01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/perfstat01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/example01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/user01.dbf /home/oracle/backup/
cp /opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/user02.dbf /home/oracle/backup/

alter database end backup;

alter system archive log current;

alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/backup/control01.ctl'; --这里要注意语法

(3) 修改主库的参数文件

create pfile from spfile

vim $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initocp.ora

*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(demo,standby)'
*.fal_server=standby
*.fal_client=demo
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
*.db_unique_name=demo
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata/ocp/archive/'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=standby'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

(4)关闭主库，创建spfile

shutdown immediate;

create spfile from pfile;

(5)创建备库的参数文件

create pfile='?/dbs/initstandby.ora' from spfile;

改变其中的相关路径，设置如下对应参数：
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata/standby/archive/'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=ocp valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=ocp'
*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(ocp,standby)'
*.fal_server=ocp
*.fal_client=standby
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
*.db_unique_name=standby
*.db_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/ocp','/opt/oracle/oradata/standby'
*.log_file_name_convert='/opt/oracle/oradata/ocp','/opt/oracle/oradata/standby'
*.log_archive_dest_state_1='ENABLE'
*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

修改pfile完成后，创建备库对应的spfile：

create spfile='?/dbs/spfilestandby.ora' from pfile='?/dbs/initstandby.ora';

（6）配置监听，将对应的db_unique_name配置进去

vim $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora

DEMO =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.102)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = demo)
    )
)

STANDBY =
(DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.102)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = standby)
    )
)

重新启动监听。

（7）copy 主库数据文件和控制文件的备份到备库对应目录

cd /home/oracle/backup/

cp * /opt/oracle/oradata/standby

（8）启动备库

export ORACLE_SID=standby

startup mount;

如果没有临时文件，记得增加临时文件，以备查询时排序的需要。

alter tablespace temp add tempfile '路径' size 20M;

（9）启动主库

export ORACLE_SID=demo

startup;