本文主要是介绍Android as Bluetooth Low Energy Peripheral (GATT server).，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
转载目的是以后查看，不然到时候找不到
转载原文
http://blog.csdn.net/u013606170/article/details/46038283#comments
I demonstrate how to write a simple BLE peripheral application in Android here. I am bad in Android development, The UI would be very ugly, but the code work:
Currently(5/25/2015), the code could be running in Nexus 6 or Nexus 9 only based on my test. The other phones or tablets DO NOT support to be a BLE peripheral. So, if you really interested in the issue of Android as BLE Peripheral , please open your wallet or swipe your card, to buy a GOOGLE official device, thank you.
To add a characteristic as notification is little bit complicated, In here I just add read and write characteristics.
About the notification, I put code in the last part of this post.
You should add
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
The 2 lines in your AndroidManifest.xml, like this :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"package="com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral"android:versionCode="1"android:versionName="1.0" ><uses-sdkandroid:minSdkVersion="21"android:targetSdkVersion="21" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <applicationandroid:allowBackup="true"android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"android:label="@string/app_name"android:theme="@style/AppTheme" ><activityandroid:name=".MainActivity"android:label="@string/app_name" ><intent-filter><action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /><category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /></intent-filter></activity></application></manifest>
The kernal code are below , note the AdvertiseCallback is callback of BluetoothLeAdvertiser ::startAdvertising, and BluetoothGattServerCallback is callback function of ALL BluetoothGattCharacteristic.
BLEPeripheral.java: (that is what you want)
package com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral;import java.util.List; import java.util.UUID;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattDescriptor; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData; import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings; import android.bluetooth.le.BluetoothLeAdvertiser; import android.content.Context; import android.content.pm.PackageManager; import android.os.Handler; import android.util.Log;public class BLEPeripheral{public interface ConnectionCallback {void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState);}BluetoothManager mManager;BluetoothAdapter mAdapter;BluetoothLeAdvertiser mLeAdvertiser;AdvertiseSettings.Builder settingBuilder;AdvertiseData.Builder advBuilder; BluetoothGattServer mGattServer; ConnectionCallback mConnectionCallback;public interface WriteCallback {void onWrite(byte[] data);}WriteCallback mWriteCallback;public static boolean isEnableBluetooth(){return BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().isEnabled();}public int init(Context context){if(null == mManager){mManager = (BluetoothManager)context.getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);if(null == mManager)return -1;if(false == context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE))return -2; } if(null == mAdapter){mAdapter = mManager.getAdapter();if(false == mAdapter.isMultipleAdvertisementSupported())return -3; }if(null == settingBuilder){settingBuilder = new AdvertiseSettings.Builder();settingBuilder.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY);settingBuilder.setConnectable(true); settingBuilder.setTxPowerLevel(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_TX_POWER_HIGH); } if(null == advBuilder){advBuilder = new AdvertiseData.Builder(); mAdapter.setName("SimplePeripheral"); advBuilder.setIncludeDeviceName(true);}if(null == mGattServer){mGattServer = mManager.openGattServer(context, mGattServerCallback);if(null == mGattServer)return -4; addDeviceInfoService(); }return 0;}public void setConnectionCallback(ConnectionCallback callback){mConnectionCallback = callback;}public void close(){if(null != mLeAdvertiser)stopAdvertise();if(null != mGattServer)mGattServer.close();mGattServer = null;if(null != advBuilder)advBuilder = null;if(null != settingBuilder)settingBuilder = null;if(null != mAdapter)mAdapter = null;if(null != mManager)mManager = null; }public static String getAddress(){return BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getAddress();}private AdvertiseCallback mAdvCallback = new AdvertiseCallback() {@Overridepublic void onStartFailure(int errorCode){Log.d("advertise","onStartFailure");}@Overridepublic void onStartSuccess(AdvertiseSettings settingsInEffect){Log.d("advertise","onStartSuccess");};};private final BluetoothGattServerCallback mGattServerCallback = new BluetoothGattServerCallback(){@Overridepublic void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int status, int newState){Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server connection state changed, new state ");Log.d("GattServer", Integer.toString(newState)); if(null != mConnectionCallback && BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS == status)mConnectionCallback.onConnectionStateChange(device, newState);super.onConnectionStateChange(device, status, newState);}@Overridepublic void onServiceAdded(int status, BluetoothGattService service) {Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server service was added.");super.onServiceAdded(status, service);}@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt characteristic was read.");super.onCharacteristicReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, characteristic);mGattServer.sendResponse(device, requestId, BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS, offset, characteristic.getValue());}@Overridepublic void onCharacteristicWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {Log.d("GattServer", "We have received a write request for one of our hosted characteristics");//Log.d("GattServer", "data = "+ value.toString()); super.onCharacteristicWriteRequest(device, requestId, characteristic, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);if(null != mWriteCallback)mWriteCallback.onWrite(value);}@Overridepublic void onNotificationSent(BluetoothDevice device, int status){Log.d("GattServer", "onNotificationSent"); super.onNotificationSent(device, status); }@Overridepublic void onDescriptorReadRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, int offset, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor) {Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server descriptor was read.");super.onDescriptorReadRequest(device, requestId, offset, descriptor);}@Overridepublic void onDescriptorWriteRequest(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, boolean preparedWrite, boolean responseNeeded, int offset, byte[] value) {Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server descriptor was written.");super.onDescriptorWriteRequest(device, requestId, descriptor, preparedWrite, responseNeeded, offset, value);}@Overridepublic void onExecuteWrite(BluetoothDevice device, int requestId, boolean execute) {Log.d("GattServer", "Our gatt server on execute write.");super.onExecuteWrite(device, requestId, execute);}};private void addDeviceInfoService(){ if(null == mGattServer)return; final String SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION = "0000180a-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";final String SOFTWARE_REVISION_STRING = "00002A28-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";BluetoothGattService previousService =mGattServer.getService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION));if(null != previousService) mGattServer.removeService(previousService);BluetoothGattCharacteristic softwareVerCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID.fromString(SOFTWARE_REVISION_STRING), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);BluetoothGattService deviceInfoService = new BluetoothGattService(UUID.fromString(SERVICE_DEVICE_INFORMATION), BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);softwareVerCharacteristic.setValue(new String("0.0.0").getBytes());deviceInfoService.addCharacteristic(softwareVerCharacteristic);mGattServer.addService(deviceInfoService);}public void setService(String read1Data, String read2Data, WriteCallbackwriteCallBack){ if(null == mGattServer)return ;stopAdvertise();final String SERVICE_A = "0000fff0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";final String CHAR_READ1 = "0000fff1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";final String CHAR_READ2 = "0000fff2-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";final String CHAR_WRITE = "0000fff3-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; final String CHAR_NOTIFY = "0000fff4-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb"; BluetoothGattService previousService =mGattServer.getService( UUID.fromString(SERVICE_A));if(null != previousService) mGattServer.removeService(previousService);BluetoothGattCharacteristic read1Characteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID.fromString(CHAR_READ1), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ); BluetoothGattCharacteristic read2Characteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID.fromString(CHAR_READ2), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);BluetoothGattCharacteristic writeCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID.fromString(CHAR_WRITE), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE);read1Characteristic.setValue(read1Data.getBytes());read2Characteristic.setValue(read2Data.getBytes());mWriteCallback = writeCallBack;BluetoothGattService AService = new BluetoothGattService(UUID.fromString(SERVICE_A), BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY);AService.addCharacteristic(read1Characteristic);AService.addCharacteristic(read2Characteristic);AService.addCharacteristic(writeCharacteristic); final BluetoothGattCharacteristic notifyCharacteristic = new BluetoothGattCharacteristic(UUID.fromString(CHAR_NOTIFY), BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY,BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ);notifyCharacteristic.setValue(new String("0"));AService.addCharacteristic(notifyCharacteristic); final Handler handler = new Handler();Thread thread = new Thread() {int i = 0; @Overridepublic void run() { while(true) {try {sleep(1500);} catch (InterruptedException e) {}handler.post(this);List<BluetoothDevice> connectedDevices = mManager.getConnectedDevices(BluetoothProfile.GATT);if(null != connectedDevices){notifyCharacteristic.setValue(String.valueOf(i).getBytes());if(0 != connectedDevices.size())mGattServer.notifyCharacteristicChanged(connectedDevices.get(0),notifyCharacteristic, false);} i++;} }};thread.start();mGattServer.addService(AService);}public void startAdvertise(String scanRespenseName){ mAdapter.setName(scanRespenseName); advBuilder.setIncludeDeviceName(true);startAdvertise();}public void startAdvertise(){if(null == mAdapter)return;if (null == mLeAdvertiser) mLeAdvertiser = mAdapter.getBluetoothLeAdvertiser();if(null == mLeAdvertiser)return;mLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(settingBuilder.build(), advBuilder.build(), mAdvCallback); }public void stopAdvertise(){if(null != mLeAdvertiser)mLeAdvertiser.stopAdvertising(mAdvCallback);mLeAdvertiser = null; }}
There is a callback interface WriteCallback to hold tthe data which the BLE has written.
MainActivity.java : (UI part)
package com.gaiger.simplebleperipheral;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import android.app.Activity; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.content.Intent; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.CheckBox; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends Activity {private BLEPeripheral blePeri; private CheckBox adverstiseCheckBox;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);adverstiseCheckBox = (CheckBox) findViewById(R.id.advertise_checkBox);blePeri = new BLEPeripheral(); adverstiseCheckBox.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {if(true == adverstiseCheckBox.isChecked()){ TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.status_textView);textView.setText("advertising"); blePeri.setService(new String("GAIGER"),new String("AndroidBLE"),mWrittenCallback); blePeri.startAdvertise();}else{TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.status_text);textView.setText("disable");blePeri.stopAdvertise(); }}});adverstiseCheckBox.setEnabled(false);if(false == BLEPeripheral.isEnableBluetooth()){Intent intentBtEnabled = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE); // The REQUEST_ENABLE_BT constant passed to startActivityForResult() is a locally defined integer (which must be greater than 0), that the system passes back to you in your onActivityResult() // implementation as the requestCode parameter. int REQUEST_ENABLE_BT = 1;startActivityForResult(intentBtEnabled, REQUEST_ENABLE_BT);Toast.makeText(this, "Please enable bluetooth and execute the application agagin.",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();} }byte[] writtenByte;BLEPeripheral.WriteCallback mWrittenCallback = new BLEPeripheral.WriteCallback(){@Overridepublic void onWrite(byte[] data){writtenByte = data.clone();Thread timer = new Thread(){public void run() {runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.written_textView);try {textView.setText(new String(writtenByte, "UTF-8"));} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}});}};timer.start();} };Runnable mCleanTextRunnable = new Runnable() {public void run() {TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.connected_textView);textView.setText("no connection"); }};Handler mConnectTextHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { super.handleMessage(msg);String data = (String)msg.obj; switch (msg.what) {case 0:data += new String(" disconnected");this.postDelayed(mCleanTextRunnable, 3000);break;case 2: data += new String(" connected"); break; default: break; }TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.connected_textView);textView.setText(data); } }; @Overridepublic void onResume(){super.onResume();int sts;sts = blePeri.init(this);// blePeri.mConnectionCallback = new BLEPeripheral.ConnectionCallback (){ // @Override // public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState){ // Log.d("main","onConnectionStateChange"); // } // }; // blePeri.setConnectionCallback( new BLEPeripheral.ConnectionCallback (){@Overridepublic void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothDevice device, int newState){ Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = newState; msg.obj = new String( device.getName() +" "+ device.getAddress() );mConnectTextHandler.sendMessage(msg); }});if(0 > sts){if(-1 == sts)Toast.makeText(this, "this device is without bluetooth module",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();if(-2 == sts)Toast.makeText(this, "this device do not support Bluetooth low energy", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();if(-3 == sts)Toast.makeText(this, "this device do not support to be a BLE peripheral, " +"please buy nexus 6 or 9 then try again", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();finish();} TextView textView;textView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.mac_textView);textView.setText(BLEPeripheral.getAddress());adverstiseCheckBox.setEnabled(true); }@Overrideprotected void onStop() {super.onStop(); }@Overridepublic boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);return true;}@Overridepublic boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.int id = item.getItemId();if (id == R.id.action_settings) {return true;}return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);} }
activity_main.xml: (layout, very ugly)
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context="com.awind.presentsenseperipheral.MainActivity" ><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/mac_textView"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignTop="@+id/status_text"android:layout_marginLeft="18dp"android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/status_text"android:text="00:11:22:AA:BB:CC"android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /><CheckBoxandroid:id="@+id/advertise_checkBox"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"android:layout_below="@+id/mac_text"android:layout_marginLeft="34dp"android:layout_marginTop="41dp"android:text="Advertise" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/status_textView"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/advertise_checkBox"android:layout_alignParentTop="true"android:layout_marginTop="124dp"android:text="Disable"android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/connected_textView"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/mac_text"android:layout_centerVertical="true"android:text="no connection"android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/written_textView"android:layout_width="wrap_content"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/mac_text"android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"android:text="WrittenText"android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" /></RelativeLayout>
I do not like to write too much explanation in here, One said: if you could implement, you understand it; if you could not, you know about nothing of it .
Notice the part of notifyCharacteristic ,I create a thread, which updates value and send a signal to BluetoothGattServer, to inform the BLE central the value has changed.
There is a bug in written text update: once WriteCallback::onWrite been called, the runOnUiThread for updating R.id.written_textView should be executed once. But in my code, the update would not work. That is very minior for the purpose of demonstration BLE on Android, So, please ignore it.
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