BDD - Python Behave log 日志

2024-01-01 21:44
文章标签 python 日志 log bdd behave

本文主要是介绍BDD - Python Behave log 日志，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

BDD - Python Behave log 日志

  • 引言
  • Behave log
    • Behave log 项目准备
      • feature 文件
      • step 文件
      • environment.py 文件
    • Behave log 执行
      • log_capture 模式
        • log_capture 开模式
        • log_capture 关模式即普通模式
      • logging-filter
      • logging-level
        • logcapture 模式
        • no-logcapture 模式
      • logging_format
        • log_capture 模式
        • no-logcapture 模式

引言

日志在整个测试运行中是非常重要的，帮助我们定位问题。也许你习惯用 Print。。。。，尽管效果差不多，但是显得不那么专业了，也不方便日志管理。今天我们来了解一下 Behave 日志机制。

想了解更多 Behave 相关的文章，欢迎阅读《Python BDD Behave 系列》，持续更新中。

Behave log

Behave 使用 Python 的标准 logging 模块进行日志记录。这意味着 Behave 继承了 Python 的日志机制，可以使用相同的配置和方法。

Behave log 项目准备

举个简单的实例

feature 文件

创建 log.feature 文件，准备一些 log 记录，一个运行会失败的 Scenario, 一个运行会成功的 Scenario

# log.featureFeature: Log ExampleScenario: PassingGiven I create log records with:| category | level   | message || root     |  FATAL  | Hello Alice  || foo      |  ERROR  | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  |  WARN   | Hello Charly || bar      |  INFO   | Hello Dora   || baz      |  DEBUG  | Hello Emily  |When another step passesScenario: FailingGiven I create log records with:| category | level   | message || root     |  FATAL  | Hello Alice  || foo      |  ERROR  | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  |  WARN   | Hello Charly || bar      |  INFO   | Hello Dora   || baz      |  DEBUG  | Hello Emily  |When another step fails

step 文件

# log_steps.pyfrom behave import *
from behave.configuration import LogLevel
import loggingdef make_log_record(category, level, message):if category in ("root", "__ROOT__"):category = Nonelogger = logging.getLogger(category)logger.log(level, message)@Given('I create log records with')
def step_I_create_logrecords_with_table(context):assert context.table, "REQUIRE: context.table"context.table.require_columns(["category", "level", "message"])for row in context.table.rows:category = row["category"]if category == "__ROOT__":category = Nonelevel = LogLevel.parse_type(row["level"])message = row["message"]make_log_record(category, level, message)# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# STEPS FOR: passing
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@When('{word:w} step passes')
def step_passes(context, word):"""Step that always passes, mostly needed in examples."""pass# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# STEPS FOR: failing
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@when(u'{word:w} step fails')
def step_fails(context, word):"""Step that always fails, mostly needed in examples."""assert False, "EXPECT: Failing step"

environment.py 文件

context.config.setup_logging() 简单地全局配置日志记录系统的基本配置，以设置默认的日志处理器、日志级别、格式等参数。

# environment.pyfrom behave import *def before_all(context):pass# print("Before all tests")context.before_all = "before all"# -- SAME-AS:# import logging# logging.basicConfig(level=context.config.logging_level)context.config.setup_logging()

Behave log 执行

log_capture 模式

  • Behave 默认 log_capture 模式是开的
  • log_capture 模式可通过命令行方式设置
  • log_capture 模式也可在 behave 配置文件 behave.ini 中设置
  • log_capture 模式只有在 Scenario 运行失败时才会捕获 log 记录
log_capture 开模式

所以执行命令 behave -f plain --logcapture 和 behave -f plain 效果是一样的，只有在 Scenario 运行失败时才会捕获 log 记录（看到 Captured logging: 部分）

PS C:\Automation\Test\bdd> behave -f plain   
Feature: Log ExampleScenario: PassingGiven I create log records with ... passed in 0.000s| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes ... passed in 0.001sScenario: FailingGiven I create log records with ... passed in 0.001s| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails ... failed in 0.001s
Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing step
Captured logging:
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello Charly
INFO:bar:Hello DoraFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.003s
log_capture 关模式即普通模式

命令行选项 --no-logcapture 普通模式，运行成功的 Scenario 也会输出 log

也可以在配置文件 behave.ini 设置，只需执行命令 behave -f plain
[behave]
log_capture = false

PS C:\Automation\Test\bdd> behave -f plain  --no-logcapture
Feature: Log ExampleScenario: Passing
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello Charly
INFO:bar:Hello DoraGiven I create log records with ... passed in 0.000s| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes ... passed in 0.000sScenario: Failing
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello Charly
INFO:bar:Hello DoraGiven I create log records with ... passed in 0.013s| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails ... failed in 0.000s
Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing stepFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.013s

logging-filter

根据 log catalog 来过滤 log 记录，只输出想要的 log 信息，前提条件是 log_capture 模式下
e.g.
过滤出包含 foo catalog 的日志记录： behave --logcapture --logging-filter=foo
过滤出包含子类 foo.bar catalog 的日志记录：behave --logcapture --logging-filter=foo.bar
过滤出包含非 foo catalog 的日志记录：behave --logcapture --logging-filter=-foo
过滤出包含 foo 或 bar catalog 的日志记录：behave --logcapture --logging-filter=foo,bar

过滤出包含 foo.bar 或不包含 bar catalog 的日志记录：behave --logcapture --logging-filter=foo.bar,-bar
所以会包含下面这些 log 记录
root --》 非 bar
foo.bar–》foo.bar

  Captured logging:CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice  ERROR:foo:Hello BobWARNING:foo.bar:Hello Charly

PS C:\ForKelly\Automation\Test\bdd> behave --logcapture --logging-filter=foo.bar,-bar
Feature: Log Example # Features/log/log.feature:1Scenario: Passing                 # Features/log/log.feature:3Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes        # steps/log_steps.py:30Scenario: Failing                 # Features/log/log.feature:13Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails         # steps/log_steps.py:40Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing stepCaptured logging:CRITICAL:root:Hello AliceERROR:foo:Hello BobWARNING:foo.bar:Hello CharlyFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.001s

logging-level

日志级别（logging level）用于指定日志消息的严重程度。不同的级别对应不同的常量（debug，info, warning, error），logcapture 模式和 logcapture 模式都可以应用.

logcapture 模式
PS C:\Automation\Test\bdd> behave -f plain -T --logging-level=WARN
Feature: Log ExampleScenario: PassingGiven I create log records with ... passed| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes ... passedScenario: FailingGiven I create log records with ... passed| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails ... failed
Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing step
Captured logging:
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello CharlyFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.000s
no-logcapture 模式
PS C:Automation\Test\bdd> behave -f plain -T --logging-level=WARN --no-logcapture
Feature: Log ExampleScenario: Passing
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello CharlyGiven I create log records with ... passed| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes ... passedScenario: Failing
CRITICAL:root:Hello Alice
ERROR:foo:Hello Bob
WARNING:foo.bar:Hello CharlyGiven I create log records with ... passed| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails ... failed
Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing stepFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.003s

logging_format

logging.Formatter 类用于配置日志的输出格式。通过使用格式化字符串，您可以指定日志消息的显示方式，包括日期、日志级别、消息内容等。
behave -f plain -T --logging-format=‘LOG.%(levelname)-8s %(name)-10s: %(message)s’

也可以通过配置文件设置：
[behave]
logging_format = %(asctime)s LOG.%(levelname)-8s %(name)s: %(message)s
logging_datefmt = %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S

log_capture 模式
 [behave]
# config for log
log_capture = true
logging_level = WARN
logging_format = %(asctime)s  LOG.%(levelname)-8s %(name)s: %(message)s
logging_datefmt = %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S

PS C:\Automation\Test\bdd> behave
Feature: Log Example # Features/log/log.feature:1Scenario: Passing                 # Features/log/log.feature:3Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step passes        # steps/log_steps.py:30Scenario: Failing                 # Features/log/log.feature:13Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |When another step fails         # steps/log_steps.py:40Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing stepCaptured logging:2024-01-01T20:51:36  LOG.CRITICAL root: Hello Alice2024-01-01T20:51:36  LOG.ERROR    foo: Hello Bob2024-01-01T20:51:36  LOG.WARNING  foo.bar: Hello CharlyFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.002s
no-logcapture 模式
 [behave]
# config for log
log_capture = false
logging_level = WARN
logging_format = %(asctime)s  LOG.%(levelname)-8s %(name)s: %(message)s
logging_datefmt = %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S

PS C:\Automation\Test\bdd> behave
Feature: Log Example # Features/log/log.feature:1Scenario: Passing                 # Features/log/log.feature:3Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.CRITICAL root: Hello Alice
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.ERROR    foo: Hello Bob
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.WARNING  foo.bar: Hello CharlyWhen another step passes        # steps/log_steps.py:30Scenario: Failing                 # Features/log/log.feature:13Given I create log records with # steps/log_steps.py:13| category | level | message      || root     | FATAL | Hello Alice  || foo      | ERROR | Hello Bob    || foo.bar  | WARN  | Hello Charly || bar      | INFO  | Hello Dora   || baz      | DEBUG | Hello Emily  |
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.CRITICAL root: Hello Alice
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.ERROR    foo: Hello Bob
2024-01-01T20:53:25  LOG.WARNING  foo.bar: Hello CharlyWhen another step fails         # steps/log_steps.py:40Assertion Failed: EXPECT: Failing stepFailing scenarios:Features/log/log.feature:13  Failing0 features passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
1 scenario passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped
3 steps passed, 1 failed, 0 skipped, 0 undefined
Took 0m0.003s

这篇关于BDD - Python Behave log 日志的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！


http://www.chinasem.cn/article/560599。

相关文章

Python进行JSON和Excel文件转换处理指南

Python进行JSON和Excel文件转换处理指南

《Python进行JSON和Excel文件转换处理指南》在数据交换与系统集成中,JSON与Excel是两种极为常见的数据格式,本文将介绍如何使用Python实现将JSON转换为格式化的Excel文件,... 目录将 jsON 导入为格式化 Excel将 Excel 导出为结构化 JSON处理嵌套 JSON：
阅读更多...
Python操作PDF文档的主流库使用指南

Python操作PDF文档的主流库使用指南

《Python操作PDF文档的主流库使用指南》PDF因其跨平台、格式固定的特性成为文档交换的标准,然而,由于其复杂的内部结构,程序化操作PDF一直是个挑战,本文主要为大家整理了Python操作PD... 目录一、 基础操作1.PyPDF2 (及其继任者 pypdf)2.PyMuPDF / fitz3.Fre
阅读更多...
python设置环境变量路径实现过程

python设置环境变量路径实现过程

《python设置环境变量路径实现过程》本文介绍设置Python路径的多种方法：临时设置（Windows用`set`,Linux/macOS用`export`）、永久设置（系统属性或shell配置文件... 目录设置python路径的方法临时设置环境变量（适用于当前会话）永久设置环境变量（Windows系统
阅读更多...
python中列表应用和扩展性实用详解

python中列表应用和扩展性实用详解

《python中列表应用和扩展性实用详解》文章介绍了Python列表的核心特性：有序数据集合,用[]定义,元素类型可不同,支持迭代、循环、切片,可执行增删改查、排序、推导式及嵌套操作,是常用的数据处理... 目录1、列表定义2、格式3、列表是可迭代对象4、列表的常见操作总结1、列表定义是处理一组有序项目的
阅读更多...
python运用requests模拟浏览器发送请求过程

python运用requests模拟浏览器发送请求过程

《python运用requests模拟浏览器发送请求过程》模拟浏览器请求可选用requests处理静态内容,selenium应对动态页面,playwright支持高级自动化,设置代理和超时参数,根据需... 目录使用requests库模拟浏览器请求使用selenium自动化浏览器操作使用playwright
阅读更多...
python使用try函数详解

python使用try函数详解

《python使用try函数详解》Pythontry语句用于异常处理,支持捕获特定/多种异常、else/final子句确保资源释放,结合with语句自动清理,可自定义异常及嵌套结构,灵活应对错误场景... 目录try 函数的基本语法捕获特定异常捕获多个异常使用 else 子句使用 finally 子句捕获所
阅读更多...
Python极速搭建局域网文件共享服务器完整指南

Python极速搭建局域网文件共享服务器完整指南

《Python极速搭建局域网文件共享服务器完整指南》在办公室或家庭局域网中快速共享文件时,许多人会选择第三方工具或云存储服务,但这些方案往往存在隐私泄露风险或需要复杂配置,下面我们就来看看如何使用Py... 目录一、android基础版：HTTP文件共享的魔法命令1. 一行代码启动HTTP服务器2. 关键参
阅读更多...
深度解析Nginx日志分析与499状态码问题解决

深度解析Nginx日志分析与499状态码问题解决

《深度解析Nginx日志分析与499状态码问题解决》在Web服务器运维和性能优化过程中,Nginx日志是排查问题的重要依据,本文将围绕Nginx日志分析、499状态码的成因、排查方法及解决方案展开讨论... 目录前言1. Nginx日志基础1.1 Nginx日志存放位置1.2 Nginx日志格式2. 499
阅读更多...
Python对接支付宝支付之使用AliPay实现的详细操作指南

Python对接支付宝支付之使用AliPay实现的详细操作指南

《Python对接支付宝支付之使用AliPay实现的详细操作指南》支付宝没有提供PythonSDK,但是强大的github就有提供python-alipay-sdk,封装里很多复杂操作,使用这个我们就... 目录一、引言二、准备工作2.1 支付宝开放平台入驻与应用创建2.2 密钥生成与配置2.3 安装ali
阅读更多...
Python获取浏览器Cookies的四种方式小结

Python获取浏览器Cookies的四种方式小结

《Python获取浏览器Cookies的四种方式小结》在进行Web应用程序测试和开发时,获取浏览器Cookies是一项重要任务,本文我们介绍四种用Python获取浏览器Cookies的方式,具有一定的... 目录什么是 Cookie？1.使用Selenium库获取浏览器Cookies2.使用浏览器开发者工具
阅读更多...

Copyright China编程 23002807@qq.com

沪ICP备2023033072号-2