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关于springboot的过滤器，拦截器，aop ，全局异常处理的学习整理
项目目录
过滤器（filter）
package cn.juhe.filter;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;/*** 过滤器的缺点是虽然可以拿到请求与响应，* 但是没有办法知道是具体执行的是哪个控制器* 和具体发方法*/
@Component
@Slf4j
@Order(-1)
public class TimeFilter implements Filter {@Overridepublic void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {log.info("filter init");}@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {log.info("do filter start");long time = new Date().getTime();filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);log.info("cost:{}",new Date().getTime()-time);log.info("do filter end");}@Overridepublic void destroy() {log.info("filter destroy");}
}
自定义注入filter
package cn.juhe.filter;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;/*** 通过@Compent注解注册的filer默认会拦截所有的请求，* 如果不加入此注解，需要自己注入到容器当中，并且指定* 拦截的路径，不仅是自己定义的filter，如果有第三方的* filter，也可以通过此方式注入到容器当中*/
@Slf4j
public class SecondFilter implements Filter {@Overridepublic void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {log.info("second filter init");}@Overridepublic void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {log.info("second do filter start");long time = new Date().getTime();filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);log.info("cost:{}",new Date().getTime()-time);log.info("second do filter end");}@Overridepublic void destroy() {log.info("second filter destroy");}
}
如果想使用自定义注入的filter，还需要加入以下代码
package cn.juhe.config;import cn.juhe.filter.SecondFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.ArrayList;@Configuration
public class WebFilterConfig {@Beanpublic FilterRegistrationBean secondFilter() {FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();SecondFilter secondFilter = new SecondFilter();registrationBean.setFilter(secondFilter);ArrayList<String> urls = new ArrayList<>();urls.add("/*");registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(urls);return registrationBean;}
}
拦截器（inteceptor）
package cn.juhe.interceptor;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
import java.util.Date;/*** 拦截器需要添加注解@compent，并且需要在webConfig中注册，并且webConfig需要继承webmvcconfigureadapter* 拦截器的缺点是无法获取封装到控制器的具体的方法的参数值，比如 public String userInfo(User user){},用户* 传入的是User对象，在拦截器里面是拿不到的，因为用户的参数是在调用具体的拦截器之后才封装成User对象的*/
@Component
@Slf4j
public class TimeInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {log.info("preHandle");request.setAttribute("startTime", new Date().getTime());return true;}/*** 如果具体的方法抛出了异常，则不会执行postHandle** @param request* @param response* @param handler* @param modelAndView* @throws Exception*/@Overridepublic void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {log.info("postHandle");String name = null;String name1 = null;try {name = ((HandlerMethod) handler).getBean().getClass().getName();name1 = ((HandlerMethod) handler).getMethod().getName();} catch (Exception e) {//e.printStackTrace();}log.info("class name: {}", name);log.info("method name: {}", name1);long startTime = (Long) request.getAttribute("startTime");log.info("postHandle cost: {}", new Date().getTime() - startTime);}@Overridepublic void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {log.info("afterCompletion");}
}
要想使用拦截器，还需要加入以下代码
package cn.juhe.config;import cn.juhe.interceptor.TimeInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@Configuration
public class WebInterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@AutowiredTimeInterceptor timeInterceptor;@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(timeInterceptor);}
}
面向切面（AOP）
package cn.juhe.aspect;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Stream;@Aspect
@Component
//定义切片类
//定义切入点
//定义切入方法
@Slf4j
public class TimeAspect {/*** 执行什么方法起作用* 什么时候起作用*/@Around("execution(* cn.juhe.controller.TestController.*(..))")public Object handleControllerMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {log.info("TimeAspect start ....");//获取参数Object[] args = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();Stream.of(args).forEach(System.out::println);Object proceed = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();log.info("TimeAspect return:{}",proceed);log.info("TimeAspect end ....");return proceed;}
}
自定义异常
package cn.juhe.entity;import lombok.Data;
import lombok.ToString;@Data
@ToString
public class User {private int id;private String name;private int age;
}package cn.juhe.exception;import lombok.Data;/*** 自定义异常*/
@Data
public class UserNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {private int id;public UserNotFoundException(int id) {super("user not found");this.id = id;}
}
controller
package cn.juhe.controller;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class TestController {@GetMapping("/test")public String test(@RequestParam("name") String name){log.info("test .....");return "hello " +name;}
}package cn.juhe.controller;import cn.juhe.exception.UserNotFoundException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class UserController {@GetMapping("/user")public String test(@RequestParam("id") int id) {log.info("user .....");if (id == 2) {throw new UserNotFoundException(2);}return "hello " + id;}
}
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