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多实例在生产很常用，一方面节约了成本，一方面可以充分利用资源，提高数据处理速度(服务器性能够好)，之前请教过贺磊dba一点MySQL多实例一些问题，部署安装比较简单，这里总结一下MySQL多实例部署的两种方式：
注意事项单独管理集中管理(mysqld_multi)
配置文件使用不同的配置文件共用一个配置文件
端口不可冲突不可冲突
basedir可单独目录/可相同目录可单独目录/可相同目录
datadir不相同不相同
pid文件不可冲突/独立访问不可冲突/独立访问
sock不可冲突/独立访问不可冲突/独立访问
log不可冲突/独立访问不可冲突/独立访问
启动方式自定义、分别文件管理启动mysqld_multi集中管理
优点缺点步骤稍微多一些，独自管理，风险略小步骤简单，需要一定技术含量管理维护
eg配置文件:(单独管理)#MySQLone
/usr/local/mysqlone/my.cnf
#MySQLtwo
/usr/local/mysqltwo/my.cnf
eg：启动方式(独立启动)[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqldone start
[root@MySQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqltwo start
eg:进程查看|进程查看[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color ‘3306|3307‘
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7071/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 7077/mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]#
二、集中部署(mysqld_multi)
eg：配置文件(集中管理)/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld3306]
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqlone
#启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义
#socket =
#pidfile =
log-error
[mysqld3308]
port = 3307
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysqltwo
#启动可自定义，也可配置文件定义
#socket =
#pidfile =
#log-error
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
eg：初始化方式：/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307 --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --user=mysql
eg：启动方式：(其它参数可自定义)[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306,3307
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
[root@MySQL ~]#
#停止一个实例：
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi stop 3306
[root@MySQL ~]# mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld3306 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3307 is running
[root@MySQL ~]#
eg：端口查看|进程查看
[root@MySQL ~]# netstat -atupn|grep -E --color ‘3306|3307‘
tcp 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 7071/mysqld
tcp 0 0 :::3307 :::* LISTEN 7077/mysqld
[root@MySQL ~]#
三、客户端访问：
3306：[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3306/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
3307：[root@MySQL ~]# mysql --sock=/usr/local/mysql/data/MySQL_3307/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.6.21-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type ‘help;‘ or ‘\h‘ for help. Type ‘\c‘ to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
如有不足，可指教。
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