SpringBoot2.x SpringDataJpa多数据源配置及使用 基于Kotlin

2023-10-18 02:38
文章标签 配置 使用 spring kotlin 数据源 springboot2 springdatajpa

本文主要是介绍SpringBoot2.x SpringDataJpa多数据源配置及使用 基于Kotlin，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

SpringDataJpa使用单数据源时的SpringBoot配置很简单，但是随着业务量发展，单个数据库可能不能满足我们的业务需求，这时候一般会对数据库进行拆分或引入其他数据库，此时单数据源就不能满足我们的需求，需要配置多个数据源。

这里主要使用Kotlin语言编写，在使用SpringBoot2.x进行SpringDataJpa多数据源配置之前，可以参考SpringBoot2.x 集成 SpringDataJpa 基于Kotlin，下面就开始进行SpringDataJpa多数据源配置及使用，其中SpringBoot使用的2.2.2.RELEASE版本，pom文件的编写这里就不在表述了。

一、编写配置文件

在application.yml中进行如下配置：

spring:# 多数据源数据库连接配置datasource:# 第一数据源配置primary:jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test1?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=truedriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverusername: rootpassword: root# 第二数据源配置secondary:jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test2?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=truedriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driverusername: rootpassword: root# jpa相关配置jpa:database: mysqlshow-sql: truegenerate-ddl: truehibernate:ddl-auto: updatedatabase-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect

二、编写多数据源的配置类

1.多数据源配置类

package com.rtxtitanv.configimport org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateProperties
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary
import javax.sql.DataSource/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.config.DataSourceConfig* @description 多数据源配置类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 16:27* @version 1.0.0*/
@Configuration
class DataSourceConfig(private val jpaProperties: JpaProperties,private val hibernateProperties: HibernateProperties) {/*** 配置第一数据源* @return 数据源*/@Bean(name = ["primaryDataSource"])@Primary // 标识为主数据源// prefix：指定yml配置文件中配置项的前缀@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")fun primaryDataSource(): DataSource {// 这种方式默认只满足spring的配置方式，如果使用其他数据库连接池，需独立获取配置return DataSourceBuilder.create().build()}/*** 配置第二数据源* @return 数据源*/@Bean(name = ["secondaryDataSource"])@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.secondary")fun secondaryDataSource(): DataSource {return DataSourceBuilder.create().build()}/*** 配置 组合jpaProperties和hibernateProperties配置的map对象* @return 组合jpaProperties和hibernateProperties配置的map*/@Bean(name = ["vendorProperties"])fun getVendorProperties(): Map<String, Any> {return hibernateProperties.determineHibernateProperties(jpaProperties.properties, HibernateSettings())}
}

2.第一数据源配置类

package com.rtxtitanv.configimport org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement
import javax.annotation.Resource
import javax.persistence.EntityManager
import javax.sql.DataSource/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.config.PrimaryConfig* @description 第一数据源配置类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 17:33* @version 1.0.0*/
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
// entityManagerFactoryRef：指定实体管理器工厂，transactionManagerRef：指定事务管理器
// basePackages：指定该数据源的repository所在包路径
@EnableJpaRepositories(entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryPrimary",transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerPrimary",basePackages = ["com.rtxtitanv.repository.primary"])
class PrimaryConfig(@Resource(name = "primaryDataSource") private val primaryDataSource: DataSource,@Resource(name = "vendorProperties") private val vendorProperties: Map<String, Any>) {/*** 配置第一数据源实体管理工厂的bean* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean*/@Bean(name = ["entityManagerFactoryPrimary"])@Primary // 标识为主数据源（主库对应的数据源）fun entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean {return builder.dataSource(primaryDataSource)// 指定组合jpaProperties和hibernateProperties配置的map对象.properties(vendorProperties)// 指定该数据源的实体类所在包路径.packages("com.rtxtitanv.model.primary").persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit").build()}/*** 配置第一数据源实体管理器* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return EntityManager*/@Bean(name = ["entityManagerPrimary"])@Primaryfun entityManagerPrimary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): EntityManager {return entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).`object`!!.createEntityManager()}/*** 配置第一数据源事务管理器* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return PlatformTransactionManager*/@Bean(name = ["transactionManagerPrimary"])@Primaryfun transactionManagerPrimary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): PlatformTransactionManager {return JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryPrimary(builder).`object`!!)}
}

3.第二数据源配置类

package com.rtxtitanv.configimport org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement
import javax.annotation.Resource
import javax.persistence.EntityManager
import javax.sql.DataSource/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.config.SecondaryConfig* @description 第二数据源配置类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 17:34* @version 1.0.0*/
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
// entityManagerFactoryRef：指定实体管理器工厂，transactionManagerRef：指定事务管理器
// basePackages：指定该数据源的repository所在包路径
@EnableJpaRepositories(entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactorySecondary",transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerSecondary",basePackages = ["com.rtxtitanv.repository.secondary"])
class SecondaryConfig(@Resource(name = "secondaryDataSource") private val secondaryDataSource: DataSource,@Resource(name = "vendorProperties") private val vendorProperties: Map<String, Any>) {/*** 配置第二数据源实体管理工厂的bean* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean*/@Bean(name = ["entityManagerFactorySecondary"])fun entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean {return builder.dataSource(secondaryDataSource)// 指定组合jpaProperties和hibernateProperties配置的map对象.properties(vendorProperties)// 指定该数据源的实体类所在包路径.packages("com.rtxtitanv.model.secondary").persistenceUnit("secondaryPersistenceUnit").build()}/*** 配置第二数据源实体管理器* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return EntityManager*/@Bean(name = ["entityManagerSecondary"])fun entityManagerSecondary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): EntityManager {return entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).`object`!!.createEntityManager()}/*** 配置第二数据源事务管理器* @param builder EntityManagerFactoryBuilder* @return PlatformTransactionManager*/@Bean(name = ["transactionManagerSecondary"])fun transactionManagerSecondary(builder: EntityManagerFactoryBuilder): PlatformTransactionManager {return JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactorySecondary(builder).`object`!!)}
}

三、创建实体类和Repository

1.主数据库实体类

package com.rtxtitanv.model.primaryimport javax.persistence.*/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.model.primary.PrimaryUser* @description 主数据库用户实体类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 18:29* @version 1.0.0*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
data class PrimaryUser(@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "id")var id: Long? = null,@Column(name = "user_name")var userName: String? = null,@Column(name = "pass_word")var passWord: String? = null,@Column(name = "nick_name")var nickName: String? = null,@Column(name = "age")var age: Int? = null,@Column(name = "email")var email: String? = null,@Column(name = "tel")var tel: String? = null)

2.主数据库Repository

package com.rtxtitanv.repository.primaryimport com.rtxtitanv.model.primary.PrimaryUser
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.repository.primary.PrimaryUserRepository* @description PrimaryUserRepository接口用于操作主库用户表* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 19:01* @version 1.0.0*/
interface PrimaryUserRepository : JpaRepository<PrimaryUser, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<PrimaryUser>

3.从数据库实体类

package com.rtxtitanv.model.secondaryimport javax.persistence.*/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.model.secondary.SecondaryUser* @description 从数据库用户实体类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 18:29* @version 1.0.0*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
data class SecondaryUser(@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)@Column(name = "id")var id: Long? = null,@Column(name = "user_name")var userName: String? = null,@Column(name = "pass_word")var passWord: String? = null,@Column(name = "nick_name")var nickName: String? = null,@Column(name = "age")var age: Int? = null,@Column(name = "email")var email: String? = null,@Column(name = "tel")var tel: String? = null)

4.从数据库Repository

package com.rtxtitanv.repository.secondaryimport com.rtxtitanv.model.secondary.SecondaryUser
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.repository.secondary.SecondaryUserRepository* @description SecondaryUserRepository用于操作从库用户表* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 19:02* @version 1.0.0*/
interface SecondaryUserRepository : JpaRepository<SecondaryUser, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<SecondaryUser>

四、使用测试

package com.rtxtitanvimport com.rtxtitanv.model.primary.PrimaryUser
import com.rtxtitanv.model.secondary.SecondaryUser
import com.rtxtitanv.repository.primary.PrimaryUserRepository
import com.rtxtitanv.repository.secondary.SecondaryUserRepository
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith
import org.slf4j.Logger
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner/*** @name com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest* @description SpringDataJpa多数据源测试类* @author rtxtitanv* @date 2020/2/5 19:03* @version 1.0.0*/
@RunWith(SpringRunner::class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = [JpaMultiApplication::class])
class JpaMultiTest {@Autowiredprivate lateinit var primaryUserRepository: PrimaryUserRepository@Autowiredprivate lateinit var secondaryUserRepository: SecondaryUserRepositoryprivate val logger: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JpaMultiTest::class.java)/*** 多数据源保存测试*/@Testfun saveTest() {primaryUserRepository.save(PrimaryUser(null, "aaa", "123456", "aaa", 20, "aaa@jpa.com", "13598766131"))primaryUserRepository.save(PrimaryUser(null, "bbb", "123123", "bbb", 22, "bbb@jpa.com", "13659836782"))primaryUserRepository.save(PrimaryUser(null, "ccc", "111111", "ccc", 25, "ccc@jpa.com", "18965233695"))secondaryUserRepository.save(SecondaryUser(null, "ddd", "2356890", "ccc", 18, "ddd@jpa.com", "13678922986"))secondaryUserRepository.save(SecondaryUser(null, "eee", "124678", "bbb", 25, "eee@jpa.com", "13669876321"))secondaryUserRepository.save(SecondaryUser(null, "fff", "112233567", "aaa", 22, "fff@jpa.com", "19862398732"))}/*** 多数据源查询测试*/@Testfun findTest() {logger.info("查询主库user表测试开始")val primaryUsers = primaryUserRepository.findAll()if (primaryUsers.isEmpty()) {logger.info("主库user表不存在数据")} else {primaryUsers.forEach { primaryUser -> logger.info(primaryUser.toString()) }}logger.info("查询主库user表测试结束")logger.info("查询从库user表测试开始")val secondaryUsers = primaryUserRepository.findAll()if (secondaryUsers.isEmpty()) {logger.info("从库user表不存在数据")} else {secondaryUsers.forEach { secondaryUser -> logger.info(secondaryUser.toString()) }}logger.info("查询从库user表测试结束")}/*** 多数据源更新测试*/@Testfun updateTest() {val user = primaryUserRepository.findById(1L)if (!user.isPresent) {logger.info("用户不存在")} else {user.get().userName = "ddd"user.get().nickName = "ddd"user.get().email = "ddd@jpa.com"primaryUserRepository.save(user.get())}val user1 = secondaryUserRepository.findById(1L)if (!user1.isPresent) {logger.info("用户记录不存在")} else {user1.get().userName = "aaa"user1.get().nickName = "aaa"user1.get().email = "aaa@jpa.com"secondaryUserRepository.save(user1.get())}}/*** 多数据源删除测试*/@Testfun deleteTest() {
//        primaryUserRepository.deleteById(1L)
//        secondaryUserRepository.deleteById(3L)primaryUserRepository.deleteAllInBatch()secondaryUserRepository.deleteAllInBatch()}
}

主启动类启动后，test1（主库）和test2（从库）都自动创建了一张user表，暂无数据。
执行保存测试方法后两张表的结果：
主库user表
从库user表
执行简单的查询测试后控制台打印的日志和自动生成的sql如下：

2020-02-05 20:45:08.585  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : 查询主库user表测试开始
Hibernate: select primaryuse0_.id as id1_0_, primaryuse0_.age as age2_0_, primaryuse0_.email as email3_0_, primaryuse0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_, primaryuse0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_, primaryuse0_.tel as tel6_0_, primaryuse0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_ from user primaryuse0_
2020-02-05 20:45:08.746  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=1, userName=aaa, passWord=123456, nickName=aaa, age=20, email=aaa@jpa.com, tel=13598766131)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.746  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=2, userName=bbb, passWord=123123, nickName=bbb, age=22, email=bbb@jpa.com, tel=13659836782)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.746  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=3, userName=ccc, passWord=111111, nickName=ccc, age=25, email=ccc@jpa.com, tel=18965233695)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.746  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : 查询主库user表测试结束
2020-02-05 20:45:08.746  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : 查询从库user表测试开始
Hibernate: select primaryuse0_.id as id1_0_, primaryuse0_.age as age2_0_, primaryuse0_.email as email3_0_, primaryuse0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_, primaryuse0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_, primaryuse0_.tel as tel6_0_, primaryuse0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_ from user primaryuse0_
2020-02-05 20:45:08.750  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=1, userName=aaa, passWord=123456, nickName=aaa, age=20, email=aaa@jpa.com, tel=13598766131)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.750  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=2, userName=bbb, passWord=123123, nickName=bbb, age=22, email=bbb@jpa.com, tel=13659836782)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.750  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : PrimaryUser(id=3, userName=ccc, passWord=111111, nickName=ccc, age=25, email=ccc@jpa.com, tel=18965233695)
2020-02-05 20:45:08.750  INFO 6744 --- [           main] com.rtxtitanv.JpaMultiTest               : 查询从库user表测试结束

执行更新测试后控制台打印的sql语句如下，刷新两张表后查看更新成功。

Hibernate: select primaryuse0_.id as id1_0_0_, primaryuse0_.age as age2_0_0_, primaryuse0_.email as email3_0_0_, primaryuse0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, primaryuse0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, primaryuse0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, primaryuse0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user primaryuse0_ where primaryuse0_.id=?
Hibernate: select primaryuse0_.id as id1_0_0_, primaryuse0_.age as age2_0_0_, primaryuse0_.email as email3_0_0_, primaryuse0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, primaryuse0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, primaryuse0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, primaryuse0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user primaryuse0_ where primaryuse0_.id=?
Hibernate: update user set age=?, email=?, nick_name=?, pass_word=?, tel=?, user_name=? where id=?
Hibernate: select secondaryu0_.id as id1_0_0_, secondaryu0_.age as age2_0_0_, secondaryu0_.email as email3_0_0_, secondaryu0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, secondaryu0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, secondaryu0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, secondaryu0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user secondaryu0_ where secondaryu0_.id=?
Hibernate: select secondaryu0_.id as id1_0_0_, secondaryu0_.age as age2_0_0_, secondaryu0_.email as email3_0_0_, secondaryu0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, secondaryu0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, secondaryu0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, secondaryu0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user secondaryu0_ where secondaryu0_.id=?
Hibernate: update user set age=?, email=?, nick_name=?, pass_word=?, tel=?, user_name=? where id=?

以下是执行删除测试后控制台打印的sql语句如下，刷新两张表查看删除成功。
按id删除：

Hibernate: select primaryuse0_.id as id1_0_0_, primaryuse0_.age as age2_0_0_, primaryuse0_.email as email3_0_0_, primaryuse0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, primaryuse0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, primaryuse0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, primaryuse0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user primaryuse0_ where primaryuse0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
Hibernate: select secondaryu0_.id as id1_0_0_, secondaryu0_.age as age2_0_0_, secondaryu0_.email as email3_0_0_, secondaryu0_.nick_name as nick_nam4_0_0_, secondaryu0_.pass_word as pass_wor5_0_0_, secondaryu0_.tel as tel6_0_0_, secondaryu0_.user_name as user_nam7_0_0_ from user secondaryu0_ where secondaryu0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?

删除所有：

Hibernate: delete from user
Hibernate: delete from user

代码示例

  • Github：https://github.com/RtxTitanV/springboot-learning/tree/master/springboot2.x-learning/springboot-data-jpa-multi-kotlin
  • Gitee：https://gitee.com/RtxTitanV/springboot-learning/tree/master/springboot2.x-learning/springboot-data-jpa-multi-kotlin

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