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《关于跨域无效的问题及解决(java后端方案)》:本文主要介绍关于跨域无效的问题及解决(java后端方案),具有很好的参考价值,希望对大家有所帮助,如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教...
通用后端跨域方法
1、@CrossOrigin 注解
在Spring Boot 中给我们提供了一个注解 @CrossOrigin 来实现跨域,这个注解可以实现方法级别的细粒度的跨域控制。
我们可以在类或者方添加该注解,如果在类上添加该注解,该类下的所有接口都可以通过跨域访问,如果在方法上添加注解,那么仅仅只限于加注解的方法可以访问。
@Slf4j @RestController @RequestMapping(value = AppPath.SERVICE_LOCATION_URL + "/appointment") @Api(value = "AppointmentController",tags = "预约列表接口") @CrossOrigin public class AppointmentController { @Autowired private LiveAppointmentService appointmentService; @RequestMapping @ApiOperation(value = "预约列表分页查询", response = CsLiveAppointmentDTO.class) public jsonResult<PageInfo> getAppointmentList(AppointmentListDTO dto){ log.info("getAppointmentList vo:{}", JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dto)); PageInfo<CsLiveAppointmentDTO> appointmentList = appointmentService.getAppointmentList(dto); return JsonResult.success(appointmentList); } }
@CrossOrigin 注解不生效问题
在Spring框架4.2版本后,Spring给出了注解的方式解决问题。
即在Controller控制器中,在Controller注解上方添加@CrossOrigin注解。
但是使用这种方式后也有可能仍然出现跨域问题,解决方案就是:
- 在@RequestMapping注解中没有指定Get、Post方式,或者使用@GetMapping或者@Post Mapping
- 在@CrossOrigin(methods = {RequestMethod.POST})指定方法
@Slf4j @RestController @RequestMapping(value = AppPath.SERVICE_LOCATION_URL + "/appointment") @Api(value = "AppointmentController",tags = "预约列表接口") @CrossOrigin public class AppointmentController { @Autowired private LiveAppointmentService appointmentService; @ApiOperation(value = "预约列表分页查询", response = CsLiveAppointmentDTO.class) //@GetMapping("getList") @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET) public JsonResult<PageInfo> getAppointmentList(AppointmerskYWntListDTO dto){ log.info("getAppointmentList vo:{}", JSONUtil.toJsonStr(dto)); PageInfo<CsLiveAppointmentDTO> appointmentList = appointmentService.getAppointmentList(dto); return JsonResult.success(appointmentList); } }
2、springboot2.0 实现WebMvcConfigurer 实现跨域
@Configuration public class WebMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) { registry.addMapping("/**") .allowedOrigins("*") .allowedMethods("POST","GET","OPTIONS") .allowedHeaders("*") .allowCredentials(false).maxAge(3600); } }
3、过滤器实现跨域
@WebFilter(filterName = "CorsFilter") @Configuration @Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE) @Slf4j public class CorsFilter implements Filter { @Value("${allow.headers:X-Requested-With,Authorization,Content-Type}") private String allowHeaders; @Value("${allow.origin:https://xxx.com}") private String allowOrigin; @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; // response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*"); response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "http://xxx:9091"); response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true"); response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "POST, GET, PATCH,OPTIONS, DELETE, PUT"); response.setHeader("Access-Control-Max-Age", "3600"); response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", allowHeaders); // response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", "*"); log.info("CorsFilter res {},{}", response.getHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin"), response.containsHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin")); chain.doFilter(req, res); } }
跨域不生效问题
(1)、@Order(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)如果有登录拦截,要将跨域filter等级提升为最高优先级
(2)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Headers”, “");
- Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * 在部分客户端上有兼容问题,MDN中介绍 Access-Control-Allow-Headers: * 有两重意思。
- 一个是在服务端设置Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true的时候这个 * 只会被客户端当做字符串 * (我们不希望的,会出错的)。
- 另一个是没有这个设置则会被当做通配符(我们希望的,不会出错的)。
- 猜测是客户端对于 * 的实现上有兼容性问题,所以建议不要这样设置,用到什么设置什么最好,例如:Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type,X-Requested-With,Authorization。
(3)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Origin”, "”)
//指定允许其他域名访问 ‘Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://172.80.0.206'//一般用法(,指定域,动态设置),3是因为不允许携带认证头和cookies //是否允许后续请求携带认证信息(cookies),该值只能是true,否则不返回
(4)、 response.setHeader(“Access-Control-Allow-Methods”, “POST, GET, PATCH,OPTIONS, DELETE, PUT”);OPTIONS 在预检请求复杂请求中也会使用到
(5)、 如果有spring security结合使用需要添加该过滤器
@Configuration public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protectedjs void configure(HttpSecurity security) throws Exception { security.csrf().disable(); security.headers().frameOptions().disable(); //加入过滤器 security.addFilterBefore(new CORSFwww.chinasem.cnilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class); } }
4、定制化参数实现跨域
前面要么是*,实际需求是根据业务参数定制化
@WebFilter(filterName = "corsFilter", urlPatterns = "/*", initParams = {@WebInitParam(name = "allowOrigin", value = "*"), @WebInitParam(name = "allowMethods", value = "GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,OPTIONS"), @WebInitParam(name = "allowCredentials", value = "true"), @WebInitParam(name = "allowHeaders", value = "Content-Type,X-Token")}) public class CorsFilter implements Filter { private String allowOrigin; private String allowMethods; private String allowCredentials; private String allowHeaders; private String exposeHeaders; @Override public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { allowOrigin = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowOrigin"); allowMethods = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowMethods"); allowCredentials = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowCredentials"); allowHeaders = filterConfig.getInitParameter("allowHeaders"); exposeHeaders = filterConfig.getInitParameter("exposeHeaders"); } @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse; if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowOrigin)) { if(allowOrigin.equals("*")){ // 设置哪个源可以访问 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", allowOrigin); }else{ List<String> allowOriginList = Arrays.asList(allowOrigin.split(",")); if (allowOriginList != null && allowOriginList.size() > 0) { String currentOrigin = request.getHeader("Origin"); if (allowOriginList.contains(currentOrigin)) { response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", currentOrigin); } } } } if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowMethods)) { //设置哪个方法可以访问 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", allowMethods); } if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowCredentials)) { // 允许携带cookie response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", allowCredentials); } if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(allowHeaders)) { // 允许携带哪个头 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allopythonw-Headers", allowHeaders); } if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(exposeHeaders)) { // 允许携带哪个头 response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", exposeHeaders); } filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse); } @Override public void destroy() { } }
5、 使用SpringCloud网关GateWay实现跨域
原理和前面类似
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration; import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.CorsWebFilter; import org.springframework.web.cors.reactive.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource; import org.springframework.web.util.pattern.PathPatternParser; @Configuration public class CorsConfig { @Bean public CorsWebFilter corsFilter() { CorsConfiguration config = new CorsConfiguration(); config.setAllowCredentials(Boolean.TRUE);//允许Cookie跨域 config.addAllowedMethod("*"); config.addAllowedOrigin("*"); config.addAllowedHeader("*");//不要设置成*,参考前面 UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(new PathPatternParser()); source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", config); return new CorsWebFilter(source); } }
注:在下层服务不需要在做任何跨域配置,例如注解@CrossOrigin,否则会由于配置冲突导致依然出现跨域问题
6、nginx配置代理解决跨域问题
server { listen 8000; server_name localhost; # / 表示匹配路径为/的url location / { proxy_pass http://需要跨域的域名:5500; } # /user 表示访问以/user 开头 的地址 如/username,/user/find等 location /user { proxy_pass http://需要跨域的域名:3000; } }
7、nginx配置响应头允许跨域
# # Wide-open CORS config for nginx # location / { #### 对OPTIONS请求,会设置很多的请求头,并返回204 if ($request_method = 'OPTIONS') { add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; # # Custom headers and headers various browsers *should* be OK with but aren't javascript # add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range'; # # Tell client that this pre-flight info is valid for 20 days # add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000; add_header 'Content-Type' 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'; add_header 'Content-Length' 0; return 204; } if ($request_method = 'POST') { add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range'; add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range'; } if ($request_method = 'GET') { add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Range'; add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'Content-Length,Content-Range'; } }
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