本文主要是介绍springboot学习(七十) 使用API接口签名验证权限，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！
前言
API接口签名验证分三步：
1、给应用分配对应的secret
2、发送请求时生成签名。按照请求参数名称将所有请求参数按照字母先后顺序排序，包括请求体和URL中的参数，生成参数的Map,Map中添加时间戳，将secret加在参数字符串的头部后进行MD5加密 ，即得到签名Sign，放入请求参数中。
3、服务端收到请求后验证签名。跟请求时一样，获取请求体和URL中参数并排序生成Map,获取时间戳参数，判断时间是否超过阈值，超过设定阈值此签名失效，Map中删除签名，添加secret做MD5加密生成签名，与Map中删除的签名对比是否一致，如果一致验证就通过了。
1、验证签名和生成签名的工具类
package com.iscas.base.biz.util;import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.iscas.common.web.tools.json.JsonUtils;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;/*** @author zhuquanwen* @vesion 1.0* @date 2022/2/21 14:11* @since jdk1.8*/
public class ApiSignUtils {public static String DEFAULT_SECRET_KEY = "ISCAS123";private static String TIME_STAMP_KEY = "timeStamp";private static String SIGN_KEY = "sign";//超时时效，超过此时间认为签名过期private static Long EXPIRE_TIME = 5 * 60 * 1000L;/*** 生成签名*/public static Map getSignature(Object param, String secretKey) {ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();Map params;try {String jsonStr = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(param);params = objectMapper.readValue(jsonStr, Map.class);} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException("生成签名：转换json失败");}if (params.get(TIME_STAMP_KEY) == null) {params.put(TIME_STAMP_KEY, System.currentTimeMillis());}//对map参数进行排序生成参数Set<String> keysSet = params.keySet();Object[] keys = keysSet.toArray();Arrays.sort(keys);String temp = Arrays.stream(keys).map(key -> key + "=" + (!params.containsKey(key) ? "" : params.get(key))).collect(Collectors.joining("&"));//根据参数生成签名String sign = DigestUtils.sha256Hex(temp + secretKey).toUpperCase();params.put(SIGN_KEY, sign);return params;}/*** 校验签名*/public static boolean checkSignature(HttpServletRequest request, String secretKey) throws IOException {//获取request中的json参数转成mapMap<String, Object> param = getAllParams(request);String sign = (String) param.get(SIGN_KEY);Long start = convertTimestamp(param.get(TIME_STAMP_KEY));long now = System.currentTimeMillis();//校验时间有效性if (start == null || now - start > EXPIRE_TIME || start - now > 0L) {return false;}//是否携带签名if (StringUtils.isBlank(sign)) {return false;}//获取除签名外的参数param.remove(SIGN_KEY);//校验签名Map paramMap = getSignature(param, secretKey);String signature = (String) paramMap.get("sign");if (sign.equals(signature)) {return true;}return false;}private static Long convertTimestamp(Object timestampObj) {return timestampObj != null ? Long.parseLong(timestampObj.toString()) : null;}/*** 将URL的参数和body参数合并** @param request* @author show* @date 14:24 2019/5/29*/public static SortedMap<String, Object> getAllParams(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {SortedMap<String, Object> result = new TreeMap<>();//获取URL上的参数,并放入结果中result.putAll(getUrlParams(request));// get请求和DELETE请求不需要拿body参数if (!StringUtils.equalsAny(request.getMethod(), HttpMethod.GET.name(), HttpMethod.DELETE.name())) {Optional.ofNullable(getBodyParams(request)).ifPresent(result::putAll);}return result;}/*** 获取 Body 参数** @param request* @author show* @date 15:04 2019/5/30*/public static Map<String, Object> getBodyParams(final HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(request.getInputStream()));String str = "";StringBuilder wholeStr = new StringBuilder();//一行一行的读取body体里面的内容；while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {wholeStr.append(str);}//转化成json对象return StringUtils.isNoneBlank(wholeStr) ? JsonUtils.fromJson(wholeStr.toString(), Map.class) : new HashMap<>();}/*** 将URL请求参数转换成Map*/public static Map<String, String> getUrlParams(HttpServletRequest request) {return Optional.ofNullable(request.getQueryString()).map(queryStr -> URLDecoder.decode(request.getQueryString(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8)).map(params -> Arrays.stream(params.split("&")).collect(Collectors.toMap(s -> s.substring(0, s.indexOf("=")), s -> s.substring(s.indexOf("=") + 1)))).orElse(new HashMap<>());}}其中JsonUtils是自定义的一个Jackson工具类，可以换成Jackson的ObjectMapper,效果一样，DigestUtils、StringUtils都是apache的工具包。
2、使用过滤器验证签名
@Component
public class ApiSignFilterTest extends OncePerRequestFilter {@Overrideprotected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();String url = StringUtils.substringAfter(requestURI, request.getContextPath());if (StringUtils.equalsAny(url, "/api/sign/t1", "/api/sign/t2")) {if (!ApiSignUtils.checkSignature(request, ApiSignUtils.DEFAULT_SECRET_KEY)) {throw new BaseRuntimeException("验证接口签名失败");}}chain.doFilter(request, response);}
}
3、请求体复用的问题
按照上面的测试，在过滤器中获取了HttpServeletRequest请求体中的内容，那么在Controller中就无法再获取此请求体的内容了。因为其InputStream不可重复读，可以替换HttpServletRequest，修改方式可参考上一篇文章：https://blog.csdn.net/u011943534/article/details/123049820
这篇关于springboot学习(七十) 使用API接口签名验证权限的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！
